Abstract
In contrast to gadoids such as the cods which have been harvested for centuries, large-scale hake fishing started only recently when cod stocks were no longer able to meet the demand for ‘whitefish meat’ after serious depletion in the 1950s and 1960s (Anon., 1990). Today, the genus Merluccius is one of the most heavily fished demersal finfish groups. Almost two million tonnes of hake are caught annually in both Northern and Southern Hemisphere Atlantic and Pacific waters, but not in the Indian Ocean.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Almeida, F.P. (1987) Status of the silver hake resources off the northeast coast of the United States. Nat. Mar. Fish. Serv. NE Fish. Sci. Center, Woods Hole Lab., Woods Hole, MA, Ref. Doc. 87–03, 60 pp.
Anon. (1990) Pacific whiting. Market evaluation: evaluation of world-wide resource availability. Report prepared by Oregon Coastal Zone Management Association Inc., 79 pp.
Becker, I.I., Grant, W.S., Kirby, R. and Robb, F.T. (1988) Evolutionary divergence between sympatric species of southern African hakes, Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus. 2. Restriction enzyme analysis of mitochondrial DNA. Heredity 61, 21–30.
Beddington, J.R. and Cooke, J.G. (1983) The potential yield of fish stocks. FAO Fish tech. Pap. 242, 47 pp.
Csirke, J. (1987) Los recursos pesqueros patagónicos y las pesquerías de altura en el Atlántico sudoccidental. FAO Fish. tech. Pap. 286, 78 pp.
Csirke, J. (1988) Small shoaling pelagic fish stocks, in Fish Population Dynamics, 2ndedn (ed. J. Gulland), Wiley, New York, pp. 271–303.
FAO (1993) FAO Yearbook. Fishery statistics. Catches and landings. FAO, Rome, Vol. 72, 653 pp.
Fernandez-Reiriz, M.J., Ferreiro, M.J., Planas, M., Labarta, U. and Garrido, J.L. (1988) Hake roe as a potential food source for marine fish larvae and juveniles. Proc. Aquacult. Int. Congr. 1988, 62.
Flick, G. J., Hong, G.-P., Hwang, J.W. and Arganosa, G.C. (1990) Groundfish, in The Seafood Industry (eds R.E. Martin and G.J. Flick), Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, pp. 32–66.
Ho, J.-S. (1990) Biogeography of hakes (Merluccius: Pisces) in the Southern hemisphere: a cladistic analysis. Bull. mar. Sci. 47, 255 (abstract).
Inada, T. (1981) Studies on the merlucciid fishes. Far Seas Fish. Res. Lab. Bull 18, 1–172.
Inada, T. (1986) Characteristics of distribution and biology of Pacific hake, in Symposium on Biology, Stock Assessment, and Management of Pollock, Pacific Cod and Hake in the North Pacific Region (Int. Groundfish Symp., Anchorage, USA), Bull. Int. N. Pac. Fish. Commn 45, 307–16.
Jones, B.W. (1974) World resources of hakes of the genus Merluccius, in Sea Fisheries Research (ed. F.R. Harden Jones), Paul Elek (Scientific Books) Ltd., London, pp. 139–66.
Mackie, I.M. and Jones, B.W. (1978) The use of electrophoresis of the water-soluble (sarcoplasmic) proteins of fish muscle to differentiate the closely related species of hake (Merluccius sp.). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 59B, 95–8.
Olivar, M.P., Rubes, P. and Salat, J. (1988) Early life history and spawning of Merluccius capensis in the northern Benguela current. S. Af. J. mar. Sci. 6, 245–54.
Pitcher, T.J. (1994). The Impact of Pelagic Fish Behaviour on Fisheries. Scientia Marina (in press).
Pia, C, Vila, A. and Garcia Marin, J.L. (1988) Differentiation des stocks du merlu (Merluccius merluccius) par l’analyse genetique: comparation de plusieurs populations mediterranéennes et atlantiques du littoral espagnol. FAO FIPL/R447: 87–93.
Smith, C. and Reay, P. (1991) Cannibalism in teleost fish. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. 1, 41–64.
Ware, D.M. (1992) Production characteristics of upwelling systems and the trophodynamic role of hake, in Benguela Trophic Functioning (eds A.I.L. Payne, K.H. Brink, K.H. Mann and R. Hilborn). S. Afr. J. mar. Sci. 12, 501–13.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pitcher, T.J., Alheit, J. (1995). What makes a hake? A review of the critical biological features that sustain global hake fisheries. In: Alheit, J., Pitcher, T.J. (eds) Hake. Chapman & Hall Fish and Fisheries Series, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1300-7_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1300-7_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4567-4
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-1300-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive