Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Peritonitis

  • Chapter
Peritoneal Dialysis

Abstract

The frequent occurrence of peritonitis, — one of the major complications of peritoneal dialysis, — has hindered the development and acceptance of this technique.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Seligman AM, Frank HA, Fine J: Treatment of experimental uremia by means of peritoneal irrigation. J Clin Invest 25: 211–219, 1946.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Fine J, Frank HA, Seligman AM: The treatment of acute renal failure by peritoneal irrigation. Ann Surg 124: 857–878, 1946.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Frank HA, Seligman AM, Fine J: Further experiences with peritoneal irrigation for acute renal failure. Ann Surg 128: 561–608, 1948.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Grollman A, Turner LB, McLean JA: Intermittent peritoneal lavage in nephrectomized dogs and its application to the human being. Arch Intern Med 87: 379–390, 1951.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Doolan PD, Murphy WP, Wiggins RA, Carter NW, Cooper WC, Watten RH, Alphen EL: An evaluation of intermittent peritoneal lavage. Am J Med 26: 831–844, 1959.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Weston RE, Roberts M: Clinical use of stylet-catheter for peritoneal dialysis. Arch Intern Med 115: 659–662, 1965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Maxwell MH, Rockney RE, Kleeman CR, Twiss MR: Peritoneal dialysis I. Technique and applications. JAMA 170: 917–924, 1929.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Cohen SL, Percival A: Prolonged peritoneal dialysis in patients awaiting renal transplantation. Br Med J 1: 409–413, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Leigh DA: Peritoneal infections in patients on long-term peritoneal dialysis before and after human cadaveric renal transplantation. J Clin Pathol 22: 539–544, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Palmer RA, Quinton WE, Gray JE: Prolonged peritoneal dialysis for chronic renal failure. Lancet 1: 700–702, 1964.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Tenckhoff H, Schecter H: A bacteriologically safe peritoneal access device. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 14: 181–187, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Tenckhoff H, Curtis FK: Experience with maintenance peritoneal dialysis in the home. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 16: 90–95, 1970.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Brewer TE, Caldwell FT, Patterson RM, Flanigan WJ: Indwelling peritoneal (Tenckhoff) dialysis catheter. Experience with 24 patients. JAMA 219: 1011–1015, 1972.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Lankisch PG, Tonnis H J, Fernandez-Redo E, Girndt J, Kramer P, Quellhorst E, Scheller F: Use of Tenckhoff catheter for peritoneal dialysis in terminal renal failure. Br Med J 4: 712–713, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Palmer RA: Peritoneal dialysis by indwelling catheter for chronic renal failure 1963–1968. Can Med Assoc J 105: 376–380, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Rae A, Pendray M: Advantages of peritoneal dialysis in chronic renal failure. JAMA 225: 937–941, 1973.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Devine H, Oreopoulos DG, Izatt S, Mathew R, deVeber GA: The permanent Tenckhoff catheter for chronic peritoneal dialysis. Can Med Assoc J 113: 219–221, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Petrie JJB, Jones EOP, Hartley LCJ, Olife KP, Clunie CJA: The use of an indwelling peritoneal catheter in the treatment of chronic renal failure. Med J Aust 2: 119–122, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Popovich RP, Moncrief JW, Decherd JB, Bomar JB, Pyle WK: The definition of a novel portable/wearable equilibrium peritoneal dialysis technique (abstract). Abstr Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 5: 64–68, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Popovich RP, Moncrief JW, Nolph KD, Ghods AJ, Twardowski ZJ, Pyle WK: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Ann Intern Med 88: 449–k456, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Oreopoulos DG, Robson M, Izatt S, Clayton S, deVeber GA: A simple and safe technique for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(Capd). Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 24: 484–487, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Rubin J, Rodgers WA, Taylor HM, Everett ED, Prowant BF, Fruto LU, Nolph KD: Peritonitis during continuous ambulatory dialysis. Ann Intern Med 92: 7–13, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Oreopoulos DG: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in Canada. Can Med Assoc J 120: 16–19, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Oreopoulos DG, Clayton S, Dombros N, Zellerman G, Katirtzoglou A: Experience with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 25: 95–97.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Fenton SSA, Cattran DC, Ahlen AF, Rutledge P, Ampil M, Dadson J, Locking H, Smith D, Wilson DR: Initial experiences with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Artif Organs 3: 206–209, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Oreopoulos DG, Khanna R, McCready W, Katirtzoglou A, Vas S: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in Canada. Dial Transpl 9: 224–226, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Blagg Cr, Scribner BH: Long-term dialysis; current problems and future prospects. Am J Med 68: 633–635, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Peritoneal dialysis in chronic renal failure (editorial): Lancet 2: 303, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Moncrief JW: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Dial Transpl 8: 1077–1078, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Home peritoneal dialysis for end-stage renal disease. Med Lett Drugs Ther 21: 69–70.

    Google Scholar 

  31. National CAPD Registry of the NIH.: Characteristics of participants and selected outcome measures for the period January 1. 1981 through August 31 1986, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Dias-Bruxo JA, Walker PJ, Farmes CD, Chandler JT, Holt KL: Continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis — The Nalle Clinic experience. In: Price JDE (ed), Peritoneal Dialysis. The State of the Art. Communications Media for Education, Princeton, NY pp 23–25, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Hau T, Ahrenholz DH, Simmons RL Secondary bacterial peritonitis: The biologic basis of treatment. In: Current problems in Surgery. Vol 16 No. 10 Year Book Medical Publ Inc Chicago, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Correia JP, Conn HO: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: endemic or epidemic? Med Clin North Am 59: 963–981, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Conn HO, Fessel JM: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: variations on a theme. Medicine (Balt) 50: 161–197, 1971.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Bar-Meir S, Conn HO: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis induced by intraarterial vasopressin therapy. Gastroenterology 70: 418–421, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Conn HO: Bacterial peritonitis: spontaneous or paracentric? (editorial). Gastroenterology 77: 1145–1146, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Targan SR, Chow AW, Guze LB: Role of anaerobic bacteria in spontaneous peritonitis of cirrhosis. Report of two cases and review of the literature. Am J Med 62: 397–403, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Stephen CG, Meadows JG, Kerkering TM, Markowitz SW, Nisman RM: Spontaneous peritonitis due to Hemophilus influenzae in an adult. Gastroenterology 77: 1088–1090, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Hau T, Hoffman R, Simmons RL: Mechanisms of the adjuvant effect of hemoglobin in experimental peritonitis. I. In vivo inhibition of peritoneal leukocytosis. Surgery 83: 223–229, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Stewart WK, Anderson DC, Wilson MI: Hazard of peritoneal dialysis: contaminated fluid. Br Med J 1: 606–607, 1967.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Helfrick GB, Pechau BW, Alijani MR, Barnard WF, Rakowski TA, Winchester JF: The direction of catheter complications with lateral placement. Perit Dial Bull Suppl 3: No. 4 2–4, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Schweinburg FB, Seligman AM, Fine J: Transmural migration of intestinal bacteria. A study based on the use of radioactive Escherichia coli. N Engl J Med 242: 747–751, 1950.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Wu G, Khanna R, Vas S, Oreopoulos DG: Is extensive diverticulosis of the colon a contraindication to CAPD. Perit Dial Bull 3: 180–183, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Singh MM, Bhargawa AN, Jain KB: Tuberculous peritonitis: An evaluation of pathogenic mechanisms, diagnostic procedures and therapeutic measures. New Eng J Med 281: 1091–1094, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Khanna R, Oreopoulos DG, Vas SI, McCready W, Dombros N: Fungal peritonitis in patiens undergoing chronic intermittent or continuous peritoneal dialysis. Proc EDTA 17: 291–296, 1980.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Coward RA, Gokal R, Mallick NP: Recurrent peritonitis associated with vaginal leak. Perit Dial Bull 3: 164–165, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Dias-Buxo JA, Burgess P, Walker PJ: Peritoneovaginal fistulaunusual complication of peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Bull 3: 142–143, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Abrutyn E, Goodhart GL, Roos K, Anderson R, Buxton A Acinetobacter calcoaceticus outbreak associated with peritoneal dialysis. Am J Epidemiol 107: 328–335.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Mader JT, Reinarz JA: Peritonitis during peritoneal dialysis. The role of the preheating water bath. J Chron Dis 31: 635–664, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Baud JD, Ward J, Fraser DW, Peteroon NJ, Silcox VA, Good RC, Ostroy PR, Kennedy J: Peritonitis due to a mycobacterium chelonei like organism associated with intermittent chronic peritoneal dialysis. J Inf Dis 145: 9–17, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Poisson M, Beromicide V, Falardeau C, Vega C, Morisset R: Mycobacterium chelonei peritonitis in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Perit Dial Bull 3: 86–88, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Majno G, Palade GE: Studies on inflammation. I. The effect of histamine and serotonin on vascular permeability: an electron microscopic study. J Biophys Cytol 11: 571–600, 1961.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Ellis H: The cause and prevention of post-operative intraperitoneal adhesions. Surg Gynecol Obstet 133: 497–511, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Myhre-Jensen O, Larsen SB, Astrup T: Fibrinolytic activity in serosal and synovial membrane. Arch Pathol 88: 623–630, 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Porter JM, McGregor FH, Mullen DC, Silver D: Fibrinolytic activity of mesothelial surfaces. Surg Forum 20: 80–82, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Ellis H: The aetiology of post-operative abdominal adhesions. An experimental study. Br J Surg 50: 10–16, 1962.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Buckman RF, Woods M, Sargent L, Gervin AS: A unifying pathogenetic mechanism in the etiology of intraperitoneal adhesions. J Surg Res 20: 1–5, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Gervain AS, Puckett CL, Silver D: Serosal hypofibrinolysis. A cause of post-operative adhesions. Am J Surg 125: 80–88, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Hau T, Payne WD, Simmons RL: Fibrinolytic activity of the peritoneum during experimental peritonitis. Surg Gynecol Obstet 148: 415–418, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Weinstein MP, Iannini PB, Stratton CW, Eickhoff TL: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. A review of 28 cases with emphasis on improved survival and factors influencing prognosis. Am J Med 64: 592–598, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Gilmour J, Tymiansky R, Pierratos A, Vas S, Klein M, Khanna R, Digenis D, Cuff S, Oreopoulos DG: Changes in some inflammatory proteins during peritonitis in CAPD patients. Perit Dial Bull 3: 201–204, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Verbough HA, Keane WF, Hoidal JR, Freiberg MR, Elliott GR, Peterson PK: Peritoneal macrophages and opsonins: Antibacterial defense in patients undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis. J Inf Dis 147: 1018–1029, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Duwe A, Vas SI, Weatherhead JW: Effect of composition of peritoneal dialysis fluid on chemiluminescence, phagocytosis and bactericideal activity in vitro. Infec Immun 33: 130–135, 1981.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Collart F, Tielemaus C, Schandene L, Dupont E, Wybrau Y, Dratwe M: CAPD and cellular immunity: No different than hemodialysis patients. Perit Dial Bull 3: 163–164, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Giaccino F, Alloatti S, Guarello F, Coppo R, Pellerey M, Piccoli G: The influence of peritoneal dialysis on cellular immunity. Perit Dial Bull 2: 165–168, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Vas SI, Low DE, Layne S, Khanna R, Dombros N: Microbiological diagnostic approach to peritonitis in CAPD patients (1981). In: Atkins RC et al. (ed), Peritoneal Dialysis. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp 269–271, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Vas SI: Peritoneal fluid cultures remain positive for days. Perit Dial Bull 2: 144, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Swartz RD, Campbell DA, Stone D, Dickinson C: Recurrent polymicrobial peritonitis from a gynecological source as a complication of CAPD. Perit Dial Bull 3: 32–33, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Vas SI: Microbiologic aspects of chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Kidney International 23: 83–92, 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Dobbelstein H: Immune system in uremia. Nephron 17: 409–414, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Montgomery YZ, Kalmanson GR, Guze LB: Renal failure and infection. Medicine 47: 1–32, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Vas SI: Peritonitis during CAPD. A mixed bag. Perit Dial Bull 1: 47–49, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Nichols WK, Nolph KD: A technique for managing exit site and cuff infection in Tenckhoff catheters. Perit Dial Bull Suppl 3: S4–S5, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Khanna R, McNeely DJ, Oreopoulos DG, Vas SI, McCready W: Treating fungal infections: Fungal peritonitis in CAPD. Br Med J 280: 1147–1148, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Kloos WE, Schleifer KH: Simplified scheme for the routine identification of human staphylococcus species. J Clin Microbiol 1: 82–88, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Peter G, Locci R, Pulverer G: Adherence and growht of coagulase negative staphylococci on surfaces of intravenous catheters. J Infect Dis 146: 479–482, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Gregory MC, Duffy DP: Toxic shock following staphylococcal peritonitis. Clin Nephrol 20: 101–104, 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Facklam RR: Physiological differentiation of viridans streptococci. J Clin Microbiol 5: 184–201, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Pierard D, Lauwers S, Monton MC, Sennesael J, Verbeelen D: Group JK Corynebacterium peritonitis in a patient undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Clin Microbiol 18: 1011–1014, 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Arfania D, Everett ED, Nolph K, Rubin J: Uncommon causes of peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Arch IntMed 141–61–64, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Kolmos HJ, Anderson KEH: Peritonitis with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in hospitalized patients treated with peritoneal dialysis. Scand J Infect Dis 11: 207–210, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Matthews P: Primary anaerobic peritonitis. Br Med J 2: 903–904, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Onderdonk AB, Bartlett JG, Louie T, Sullivan-Seigler N, Gorbach SL: Microbial synergy in experimental intra-abdominal abscess. Infect Immun 13: 33–26.

    Google Scholar 

  85. Simkin EP, Wright FK: Perforating injuries of the bowel complicating peritoneal catheter insertion. Lancet 1: 64–66, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Rubin J, Oreopoulos DG, Lio TT, Mathews R, deVeber GA: Management of peritonitis and bowel perforation during chronic peritoneal dialysis. Nephron 16: 220–225, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Wu G: Review of peritonitis episodes that caused interruption of CAPD. Perit Dial Bull Suppl Vol 3: S11–S13, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  88. Sasaki S, Aliba T, Suenaga M, Tornura S, Yoobiyama N, Nakagawa S, Shoji T, Sasavka T, Takenchi J: Ten years survey of dialysis associated tuberculosis. Nephron 24: 141–145, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. O’Connor J, MacCormick M: Tuberculous peritonitis in patients on CAPD: the importance of lymphocytosis in the peritoneal fluid. Perit Dial Bull 1: 106.

    Google Scholar 

  90. Morford DW: High index of suspicion for tuberculous peritonitis in CAPD patients. Perit Dial Bull 2: 189–190, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Dineen P, Hornan WP, Grafe WR: Tuberculous peritonitis: 43 years experience in diagnosis and treatment. Am Surg 184: 712–717, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Wolfe JHN, Behn AR, Jackson BT: Tuberculous peritonitis and role of diagnostic laparoscopy. Lancet 1: 852–853, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Vas SI: Editorial comment: Perit Dial Bull 2: 190, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  94. Bayer AS, Blumenkrantz MY, Montgomerie JZ, Galpin JE, Coburn JW, Gruze LB: Candida peritonitis. Am J Med 61: 832–840, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Kerr CM, Perfect JR, Craven PC, Jorgensen JH, Drutz DJ, Shelburne JD, Gallis HA, Gutman RA: Fungal peritonitis in patients on continuous ambullatory peritoneal dialysis. Ann Int Med 99: 334–337, 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Holdsworth SR, Atkins RC, Scott DF, Jackson R: Management of Candida peritonitis by prolonged peritoneal lavage containing 5-fluorocytosine. Clin Nephrol 4: 157–159, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Lrmprty KD, Jones JM: Flucytosine — miconazole treatment of Candida peritonitis: Its use during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Arch Int Med 142: 577–578, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  98. Chapman JR, Warnoch DW: Ketoconazole and fungal CAPD peritonitis. Lancet II: 510–511, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  99. Pearson JG, McKinney TD, Stone WJ: Penicillium peritonitis in a CAPD patient. Perit Dial Bull 3: 20–21, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  100. NIH CAPD Patient Registry Report: Characteristics of participants and selected outcome measures for the period January 1 1981 through August 31 1986, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  101. Steiner R: Clinical observations on the phathogenesis of peritoneal dialysate eosinophilia. Perit Dial Bull 2: 118–119, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Verger C, Berry JP, Galle P, Lavergue A, Hoang C, LeCharpentier Y: Foreign material inclusions in the peritoneum of CAPD patients: a study with X-ray microanalysis. Perit Dial Bull 2: 138–139, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  103. Williams P, Khanna R, Simpson H, Vas SI: Tobramycin blood levels of CAPD patients during peritonitis. Perit Dial Bull 2: 48, 1983.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Manuel MA, Paton TW, Cornish WR: Drugs and peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Bull 3: 117–125, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Sewell DL, Golper TA: Stability of antimicrobial agents in peritoneal dialysate. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 21: 528–529, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Sewell DL, Golper TA, Brown SD, Nelson E, Knower MM, Kimbrough RC: Stability of single and combination antimicrobial agents in various peritoneal dialysates in the presence of insulin and heparin. Am J Kidney Dis 3: 209–212, 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Rubin J, Humphries J, Smith G, Bower J: Antibiotic activity in peritoneal dialysate. Am J Kidney Dis 3: 205–208, 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Bunke CM, Aronoff GR, Luft C: Pharmacokinetics of common antibiotics used in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Amer J Kidney Dis 3: 114–117, 1983.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Vas SI: Letter. Perit Dial Bull 1: 67, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  110. Gokal R, Vas SI: Risk of tobramycin use in CAPD patients with peritonitis. Perit Dial Bull 2: 139–141, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Silva J, Fekety R: Clostridia and antimicrobial entocolitis. Am Rev Med 32: 327–333, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  112. Antibiotic lavage for peritonitis. Editorial (1979) Brit Med Jour Sept 22, 1979.691–692.

    Google Scholar 

  113. Stephen RL, Kablitz C, Kitahara M, Welson J A, Duffin DP, Kolff WJ: Peritoneal dialysis: peritonitis: saline iodine flush. Dial Transpl 8: 584–595, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  114. Nolph KD: In: Legrain M (ed), Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis. Excerpta Medica, New York, p 272, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  115. Digenis GE, Khanna R, Pierratos A, Vas S: Morbidity and mortality after treatment of peritonitis with prolonged exchanges and intraperitoneal antibiotics. Perit Dial Bull 2: 45–46, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  116. Cantaluppi A, Scalamogna A, Guerra L, Graziani G, Ponticelli C: Treatment of peritonitis in patients on CAPD. Perit Dial Bull 2: 142, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  117. DeGroc F, Rottembourg J, Jacq D, Jaslier V, N’Guyen J, Legrain M: Les peritonites au cours de la dialyse peritoneal continue ambulatoire. Traitment par lavage ou non? Etude prospective. Nephrologie (SWZ) 4: 24–27, 1983.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. De Tremont JF, Khissi H, Thomas D, Tolain M, Lawrence G, Coevoet B, Fournier A, Orfica J: Traitment des péritonites ou dialyse peritoneal. Comparison entre lavage continue avec machine et lavage intermittent par quatre sac/jour de DPCA. Pathol Biol (Paris) 31: 544–547, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  119. Helfrich GB, Winchester JF: Shaving of external cuff or peritoneal catheter. Perit Dial Bull 2: 183, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  120. Digenis GE, Khanna R, Pantalony D: Eosinophylia after implantation of the peritoneal catheter. Perit Dial Bull 2: 98–99, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  121. Vas SI: Indications for removal of peritoneal catheter. Perit Dial Bull 1: 145–146, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  122. Gandhi VC, Humayun HM, Ing TS, Daugirdas JT, Jablokow VR, Iwantsuki S, Geis WP, Hano JE: Sclerotic thickening of the peritoneal membrane in maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients Arch Int Med 140: 1201–1203, 1980.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Schmidt RW, Blumenkrantz M: Peritoneal sclerosis. A sword of Democles for peritoneal dialysis. Arch Int Med 141: 1265–1267, 1981.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Sclerosing Peritonitis, Letters to the editor: Lancet July 9, August 13, September 3, September 24, November 5, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  125. Fenton SSA: Peritonitis related deaths among CAPD patients. Perit Dial Bull Suppl Vol 3 No 3: S9—S11.

    Google Scholar 

  126. Wu G: Cardiovascular deaths among CAPD patients. Perit Dial Bull Suppl Vol 3 No 3: S23–S26, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  127. Oreopoulos D, Vas S, Khanna R: Prevention of peritonitis during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Bull Suppl Vol 3 No 3: S18–S20, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  128. Hamilton RW, Disher BA, Dillingham G A, Nicholas AF: The sterile weld a new method for connection in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Bull Suppl Vol 3 No 4:S8–S10, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  129. Buonchristiani U, Cozzari M, Quintiliani G, Carobi C: Abatement of exogenous peritonitis using the Perugia CAPD system. Dial Transplant 12: 14–25, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  130. Ash SR, Hoswell R, Heefer EM, Bloch R: Effect of the Peridex filter on peritonitis rates in a CAPD population. Perit Dial Bull 3: 89–93, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  131. Eremin J, Marshall VC: The place of prophylactic antibiotic in peritoneal dialysis. Aust Ann Med 18: 264–266, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Sharma BK, Smith EC, Rodriguez H, Pillay UKG, Gandhi VC, Dunea G: Trial of oral neomycin during peritoneal dialysis. Am J Med Sci 262: 175–178, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Axelrod J, Meyers BR, Hirschman SZ, Stein R: Prophylaxis with cephalothin in peritoneal dialysis. Arch Intern 132: 368–371, 1973.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Low DE, Vas SI, Oreopoulos DG, Manuel RA, Saiphoo CS, Finer C, Dombros N: Randomized Clinical trial of prophylactic cephalexin in CAPD. Lancet 2: 753–754, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Corey PN, Steele C: Risk factors associated with time to first infection and time to failure on CAPD. Perit Dial Bull Suppl Vol 3 No 3: S-14–S-17, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  136. D’Apice AJF, Atkins RC: Analysis of peritoneal dialysis data. In: Atkins RC (ed), Peritoneal Dialysis. Thomas NM, Farrell PC, Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp 440–444, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  137. Randerson DH, Farrell PC: Analysis of peritonitis data in CAPD 2nd Int. Symposium in Peritoneal Dialysis, Berlin, p 52, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  138. Corey P: An approach to the statistical analysis of peritonitis data from patients on CAPD. Perit Dial Bull Suppl Vol 1 No 6: S-29–S-32, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  139. Pierratos A, Amair P, Corey P, Vas SI, Khanna R, Oreopoulos DG: Statistical analysis of the incidence of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Bull 2: 32–36, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  140. Ryan GB, Grobety J, Majno G: Post-operative peritoneal adhesions. A study of the mechanisms. Am J Pathol 65: 117: 117–138, 1971.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Mion CM, Boen ST, Scribner P: Analysis of factors responsible for the formation of adhesions during chronic peritoneal dialysis. Am J Med Sci 250: 675–679, 1965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Steiner RW, Kipper S, Savoia MC, Witztum KF: Identification of peritoneal dialysis catheter tunnel infection by scanning with Indium-111 labelled leukocytes. Amm Int Med 99: 44–45, 1983.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Williams P, Pantalony D, Vas SI, Khanna R, Oreopoulos DG: The value of dialysate cell count in the diagnosis of peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Bull 1: 59–62, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  144. Kapral FA, Godwin JR, Dye ES: Formation of intraperitoneal abscesses by Staphylococcus aureus. Infec Immun 30: 204–211, 1980.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Karanicolas S, Oreopoulos DG, Frath Sh, Shiminer A, Manning RF, Sepp H, deVeber GA, Darby T: Epidemic of aseptic peritonitis caused by endotoxin during chronic peritoneal dialysis. N Engl J Med 296: 1336–1337, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  146. Williams P, Khanna R, Vas S, Layne S, Pantalony D, Oreopoulos DG: Treatment of peritonitis in patients on CAPD: To lavage or not. Perit Dial Bull 1: 14–17, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  147. O’Leary JP, Malik FS, Donahoe RR, Johnston AD: The effects of a minidose of heparin on peritonitis in rats. Surg Gynecol Obstet 148: 571–575, 1979.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. Cotran RS, Karnowsky MJ: Ultrastructural studies on the permeability of the mesothelium to horse radish peroxidase. J Cell Biol 37: 123–137, 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. MacCallum WG: On the mechanism of absorption of granular materials from the peritoneum. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 14: 105–110, 1903.

    Google Scholar 

  150. Casley-Smith JR: An electron microscopical study of the passage of ions through the endothelium of lymphatic and blood capillaries, and through the mesothelium. Quart J Exp Physiol 52: 105–113, 1967.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Courtice FC, Simmonds WJ: Physiological significance of lymph drainage of the serous cavities and lungs. Physiol Rev 34: 419–448, 1954.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  152. Lorber B, Swenson RM: The bacteriology of intraabdominal infections. Surg Clin North Am 55: 1349–1354, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. McNeely D, Vas SI, Dombros N, Oreopoulos DG: Fusarium peritonitis: an uncommon complication. Perit Dial Bull 1: 94–96, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  154. Marrie TJ, Noble MA, Costerton JW: Examination of the morphology of bacteria adhering to peritoneal dialysis catheters by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Jour Clin Microbiol 18: 1388–1398, 1983.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Vas SI and Low L: Microbiological diagnosis of peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritonel dialysis. J Clin Microb 21, 522–523, 1985.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Rubin SJ: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: Dialysate fluid cultures. Clin Microbiol Newsl 6, 3–5, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  157. Fenton P: Laboratory diagnosis in patients undergoing continuous ambulatorey peritoneal dialysis. J Clin Path 35, 1181–1184, 1982.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Knight KR, Polak A, Crump J and Maskell R: Laboratory diagnosis and oral treatment of CAPD patients. Lancet ii. 1301–1304, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  159. Buggy BP: Culture methods for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis associated peritonitis. Clin Microb Newsletter 8: 12–14, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  160. Smalley DL, Baddour LM, Kraus AP: Rapid detection of Gram-negative bacterial peritonitis by the Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay. J Clin Microbiol 24: 882–883, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Clayman MD, Raymond A, Colen D, Moffit C, Wolf C, Neilson E: The Limulus amebocyte lysate assay. Arch Int Med 147: 337–340, 1987.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Oreopoulos DG, Vas SI: Peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: Making therapeutic decisions easier. Arch Int Med 147: 818–819, 1987.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Heering PJ, Bach D, Henzler P, Grabensee B: Dialysis and HIV infection. Nephron 47: 158–159, 1987.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Berlyne GM, Rubin J, Adler AJ: Dialysis in AIDS patients. Nephron 44: 265–266, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  165. Robles R, Lopex-Gomez JM, Muino A, Valderrabano F: Dialysis in AIDS patients: A new problem. (1987) Nephron 44: 375–376, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  166. DeRossi A, Vertoli U, Romagnoli G, Bertoli M, Dalla Grassa O, Chieco-Bianchi L: LAV/HTLV-III and HTLV-I antibodies in hemodialysis patients. Nephron 44: 377–378, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  167. Morrison AJ, Freer CV, Poole CL, Johnston DO, Westervelt F, Normansell DE, Wenzel RP: Prevalence of human lymphotropic virus type III antibodies among patients in dialysis programs at a university hospital. Ann Int Med, 104: 805–807, 1986.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  168. Humphreys MH, Scoenfield PY, Aids and renal disease: The Kidney, 20: 7–12, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  169. Rubin RH, Jenkins RL, Shaw BW, Shaffer D, Pearl RH, Erb S, Monaco AP, VanThiel DH: The aquired immunodeficiency syndrome and transplantation. Transplantation, 44: 1–4, 1987.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. Olivera DBG, Winearls CG, Cohen J, Ind PW, Williams G: Severe immunosuppression in a renal transplant recipient with HTLV-III antibodies. Transplantation, 41: 260–262, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  171. Favero MS: Recommended precautions for patients undergoing hemodialysis who have AIDS or non-A non-B hepatitis. Infection Control 6: 301–305, 1985.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. Recommendations for providing dialysis treatment to patients infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus. MMWR 35: 376–378, 383, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  173. Harnett JD, Zeldis JB, Parfrey PS, Kennedy M, Sircar R, Steinmann TI, Guttmann RD: Hepatitis B disease in dialysis and transplant patients. Transplantation 44: 369–376, 1987.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Vas SI: Peritonitis of peritoneal dialysis patients: Pathogenesis and treatment. In: Easmon CSF and Jeljaszewicz J (eds), Medical Microbiology Vol 5: Academic Press London pp 21–63, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  175. Guer LD, Bartlett R, Aycliffe AJ, Species identification and antibiotic sensitivity of coagulase negative staphylococci from CAPD peritonitis: J Antimic Chemother, 13: 577–583, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  176. Baddour LM, Smalley DL, Kraus AP, Lamoreaux WJ, Christensen GD: Comparison of microbiologic characteristics of pathogenic and saprophytic coagulase negative staphylococci from patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis, 5: 197–205, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Horsman GB, Macmillan L, Amatnieks Y, Rifkin O, Vas SI, Plasmid profile and slime analysis of coagulase negative staphylococci from CAPD patients with peritonitis: Perit Dial Bull, 6: 195–198, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  178. Keane WF, Everett ED, Fine RN, Golper TA, Vas SI, Peterson PK: CAPD related peritonitis management and antibiotic therapy recommendations: Travenol peritonitis management advisory committee. Perit Dial Bull, 7: 55–68, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  179. Diagnosis and management of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: Report of a workin party of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy: Lancet 1987 I. 845–848, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  180. Goldstein CS, Garrik RE, Polin RA, Gerdes JS, Kolski GB, Neilson EG, Douglas SD: Fibronectin and complement secration by monocytes and peritoneal macrophages in vitro from patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Leucocyte Biol, 38: 457–464, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  181. Khan RH, Klein M, Vas S: Fibronectin in the normal peritoneal fluids of patients on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and during peritonitis. Perit Dial Bull. 7: 69–773, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  182. Holley J, Seibert D, Moss A: Peritonitis following colonoscopy and polypectomy: A need for prophylaxis? Perit Dial Bull. 7: 105, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  183. Stuck A, Seiler A, Frey FJ: Peritonitis due to an intrauterine contraceptive device in a patient on CAPD. Perit Dial Bull. 7: 158–159, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  184. Sombolos K, Vas S, Rifkin O, Ayomamitis A, McNamee P, Oreopoulos DG: Propionibacteria isolates and asymptomatic infections of the peritoneal effluent in CAPD patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1: 175–178, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Williams PS, Hendy MS, Ackrill P: Routine daily surveillance cultures in the management of CAPD patients. Peri Dial Bull. 7: 183–186, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  186. Oreopoulos DG, Helfrich GB, Khanna R, Lum GM, Matthews R, Paulsen K, Twardowski ZJ, Vas S: Peritoneal catheters and exit site practices: Current recommendations. Perit Dial Bull. 7: 130–138, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  187. Dasgupta MK, Bettcher KB, Ulan RA, Burns V, Lam K, Dossetor JB, Costerton JW: Relationship of adherent bacterial biofilms to peritonitis in chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Bull. 7: 168–173, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  188. Holmes CJ, Evans R: Biofilm and foreign body infection — The significance to CAPD associated peritonitis. Perit Dial Bull. 6: 168–177, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  189. Verger C, Chesneau AM, Thibault M, Bataille N: Biofilm on Tenckhoff catheters: A negligible source of contamination. Perit Dial Bull 6: 174–178, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  190. Piraino B, Bernardini J, Peitzman A, Sorkin M: Failure of peritoneal cuff sahaving to eradicate infection. Perit Dial Bull. 7: 179–182, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  191. Piraino B, Bernardini J, Johnston J, Sorkin M: Chemical peritonitis due to intraperitoneal vancomycin (Vancoled). Peri Dial Bull. 7: 156–159, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  192. Churchill DN, Oreopoulos DG, Taylor DW, Vas SI, Manuel MA, Wu G: Peritonitis in CAPD patients- A randomized clinical trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis. Abstr. 20th Ann Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, p 97A, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  193. Harvey DM, Sheppard KJ, Morgan AG, Fletcher J: Effect of dialysate fluids on phagocytosis and killing by normal neutrophyls. J Clin Microbiol 25: 1424–1427, 1987.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. McGregor SJ, Brock JH, Briggs JD, Junor BJ: Bactericidal activity of peritoneal macrophages from continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2: 104–108, 1987.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  195. Alobaidi HM, Coles GA, Davies M, Lloyd D: Host defence in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: the effect of dialysate on phagocyte function. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1: 16–21, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. Lewis SL, Van Epps DE: Neutrophil and monocyte alterations in chronic dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 9: 381–395, 1987.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  197. Lamperi S, Carozzi S: Suppressor resident peritoneal macrophages and peritonitis incidence in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Nephron 44: 219–225, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  198. Clark LA, Easmon CS: Opsonic activity of intravenous immunoglobulin preparations against Staphylococcus epidermidis. J Clin Pathol 39: 856–860, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  199. Clark LA, Easmon CS: Opsonic requirements of Staphylococcus epidermidis. J Med Microbiol 22: 1–7, 1986.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  200. Peterson PK, Lee D, Suh HJ, Devalon M, Nelson RD, Keane WF: Intracellular survival of Candida albicans in peritoneal macrophages from chronic peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 7: 146–152, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  201. Peterson PK, Gaziano E, Suh HJ, Devalon M, Peterson L, Keane WF: Antimicrobial activities of dialysate-elicited and resident human peritoneal macrophages. Infect Immun 49: 212–218.

    Google Scholar 

  202. Goldstein CS, Bomalaski JS, Zurier RB, Neilson EG, Douglas SD: Analysis of peritoneal macrophages in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. Kidney Int 26: 733–740, 1984.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  203. Wierusz-Wysocka B, Wysocki H, Michta G, Wykretowicz A, Czarnecki R, Baczyk K: Phagocytosis and neturophil bactericidal capacity in patients with uremia. Folia Haematol 111: 589–594, 1984.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  204. Huttunen K, Lampainen E, Silvennoinen-Kassinen S, Tiilikainen A: The neutrophil function of uremic patients treated by hemodialysis or CAPD. Scand J Urol Nephrol 18: 167–172, 1984.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  205. Maddox Y, Foegh M, Zeligs B, Zmudka M, Bellanti J, Ramwell P: A routine source of human peritoneal macrophages. Scand J Immunol 19: 23–29, 1984.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  206. Cichocki T, Hanicki Z, SuLowicz W, Smolenski O, Kopec J, Zembala M: Output of peritoneal cells into peritoneal dialysate. Cytochemical and functional studies. Nephron 35: 175–182, 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Rubin J, Lin LM, Lewis R, Cruse J, Bower JD: Host defense mechanisms in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Clin Nephrol 20: 140–144, 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. Verbrugh HA, Keane WF, Hoidal JR, Freiberg MR, Elliott GR, Peterson PK: Peritoneal macrophages and opsonins: antibacterial defense in patients undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis. J Infect Dis 147: 1018–1029, 1983.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  209. Lamperi S, Carozzi S: Defective opsonic activity of peritoneal effluent during continuous ambulatury peritoneal dialysis (CAPD): Importance and prevention. Perit Dial Bull 6: 87–92, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  210. Struijk RG, van Ketel RJ, Krediet RT, Boeschoten EW, Arisz L: Patient viral peritonitis in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Nephron 44: 384, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  211. Goodship THJ, Heaton A, Rodger RSC. Ward MK, Wilkinson R, Kerr DNS: Factors affecting development of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Br Med J 289: 1485–1486, 1984.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  212. Goodman W, Gallagher N, Sherrard DJ: Peritoneal dialysis fluid as a source of hepatitis antigen. Nephron 29: 107–109, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  213. Salo RJ, Salo AA, Fahlberg WJ, Ellzey JT: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HB(s)Ag) in peritoneal fluid of HB(s)Ag carriers undergoing peritoneal dialysis. J Med Virol 6: 29–35, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  214. Spector D: Hepatitis B miniepidemic in a peritoneal dialysis unit. Arch Int Med 137: 1030–1031, 1977.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  215. Vas SI, Oreopoulos DG: Handle with care: Hepatitis B antigen carriers in peritoneal dialysis units. Nephron 29: 105–106, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  216. Eisenberg ES, Leviton I, Soeiro R: Fungal peritonitis in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis: Experience with 11 patients and review of the literature. Rev Inf Dis 8: 309–321, 1986.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  217. Oh SH, Conley SB, Rose GM, Rosenblum M, Kohl S, Pickering LK: Fungal peritonitis in children undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Pediatr Inf Dis 4: 62–66, 1985.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  218. Vargamezis V, Papadopoulou ZL, Liamos H, Belechri AM, Natscheh T, Vergoulas G, Antoniadou R, Kilintzis V, Papadimitriou M: Management of fungal peritonitis doring continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Perit Dial Bull 6: 17–20, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  219. Cecchin E, DeMarchi S, Panarello G, Tesio F: Chemotherapy and/or removal of the peritoneal catheter in the management of fungal peritonitis complicating CAPD? Nephron 40: 251–252, 1985.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. Tapson JS, Mansy H, Freeman R, Wilkinson R: The high morbidity of CAPD fungal peritonitis- Description of 10 cases and review of treatment strategies. Quart J Med 61: 1047–1053, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  221. Kravitz SP, Berry PL: Successful treatment of Aspergillus peritonitis in a child undergoing continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis. Arch Int Med 146: 2061–2062, 1986.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  222. Paterson AD, Bishop MC, Morgan AG, Burden RP: Removal and replacement of Tenckhoff catheter at a single operation: Successful treatment of resistant peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Lancet ii 1245–1247, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  223. Craddock CF, Edwards R, Finch RG: Pseudomonas peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: laboratory predictors of treatment failure. J Hosp Infec 10: 179–186, 1987.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  224. West TE, Welshe JJ, Krol CP, Amsterdam D: Staphylococcal peritonitis on continuous peritoneal dialysis. J Clin Microbiol 23: 809–812, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  225. Peterson PK, Lee D, Suh HJ, Devalon M, Nelson RD, Keane WF: Intracellular survival of Candida albicans in peritoneal macrophages from chronic peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 7: 146–152, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  226. Piraino B, Bernardini J, Sorkin M: The influence of peritoneal catheter exit site infections on peritonitis, tunnel infections and catheter loss in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 8: 436–440, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  227. Beasley SW, Meech PR, Neale TJ, Hatfield PJ, Morrison RB: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and acute appendicitis. NZ Med J 99: 145–146, 1986.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  228. Spence PA, Mathews RE, Khanna R, Oreopoulos DG: Indications for operation when peritonitis occurs in patients on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Surg Gynecol Obstet 161: 450–452, 1985.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  229. Lempert KD, Kolb JA, Swartz RD, Campese V, Golper TA, Winchester JF, Nolph KD, Husserl FE, Zimmerman SW, Kurtz SB: A multicenter trial to evaluate the use of the CAPD ‘0’ set. ASAIO Trans 32: 557–559, 1986.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  230. Holmes CJ, Miyake C, Kubey W: In vitro evaluation of an ultraviolet germicidal connection system for CAPD. Perit Dial Bull 3: 215–218, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  231. Nolph KD: Randomized multicanter clinical trial to evaluate the effects of an ultraviolet germicidal system on peritonitis rates in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Bull 5: 19–24, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  232. Hamilton RW, Disher BA, Dillingham SA, Nicholas AF: The sterile weld: A new method for connections in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Perit Dial Bull 3: (Suppl. 4) 8–10, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  233. LaRocco MT, Mortensen JE, Robinson A: Mycobacterium fortuitum peritonitis in a patient undergoing chronic peritoneal dialysis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 161–164, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  234. Eisenberg ES, Ambalu M, Szylagi G, Aning V, Soeiro R: Colonization of skin and development of peritonitis due to coagulase negative staphylococci in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. J M Dis 156: 478–482, 1987.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Stephen I. Vas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology-MA436, University of Missouri Health Sciences Center, VA Hospital, Columbia, Missouri, 65212, USA

    Karl D. Nolph

  2. Dalton Research Center, Columbia, Missouri, 65212, USA

    Karl D. Nolph

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Vas, S.I. (1989). Peritonitis. In: Nolph, K.D. (eds) Peritoneal Dialysis. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1085-0_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1085-0_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6978-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-1085-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation