Abstract
Most general accounts of savanna ecology give little consideration to phytophagous animals (Walter 1971; Schnell 1973; Goodland and Ferri 1979; Sarmiento 1984). The major exception, of course, are African ungulate herbivores, whose impact on savanna and grassland ecosystems has received some attention (McNaughton 1976; Sinclair 1983). Plant-eating insects, on the other hand, are hardly mentioned except as pollinators (Cole 1986).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bormann FH, Likens GE (1979) Pattern and process in a forested ecosystem. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Clay K, Marks S, Cheplick GP (1993) Effects of insect herbivory and fungal endophyte infection on competitive interactions among grasses. Ecology 74: 1767–1777
Cole MM (1986) The savannas: biogeography and geobotany. Academic Press, London Crawley MJ (1983) Herbivory; the dynamics of animal-plant interactions. Blackwell, Oxford Crawley MJ (1989) Insect herbivores and plant population dynamics. Annu Rev Entomol 34: 531–564
Danell K, Huss-Danell K (1985) Feeding by insects and hares on birches affected by earlier moose browsing. Oikos 44: 75–81
Faeth SH, Connor EF, Simberloff D (1981) Early leaf abcission: a neglected source of mortality for folivores. Am Nat 117: 409–415
Futuyma DJ, Wasserman SS (1980) Resource concentration and herbivory in oak forests. Science 210: 920–922
Gillon Y (1983) The invertebrates of the grass layer. In: Bourlière F (ed) Tropical savannas. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 289–311
Goodland R, Ferri MG (1979) Ecologia do Cerrado. Itatiaia and Editora da Univ Sao Paulo, Belo Horizonte and Sao Paulo
Grier CC, Vogt DJ (1990) Effects of aphid honeydew on soil nitrogen availability and net primary production in an Alnus rubra plantation in western Washington. Oikos 57: 114–118
Hairston NG, Smith FE, Slobodkin LB (1960) Community structure, population control, and competition. Am Nat 94: 421–425
Harper JL (1977) Population biology of plants. Academic Press, London
Hazen WE (ed) (1970) Readings in population and community structure, 2nd edn. Saunders, Philadelphia
Huntly N (1991) Herbivores and the dynamics of communities and ecosystems. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 22: 477–503
Janzen DH (1970) Herbivores and the number of tree species in tropical forests. Am Nat 104: 501–528
Julien MH (ed) (1987) Biological control of weeds: a world catalogue of agents and their target weeds, 2nd edn. CAB International, Wallingford
Karban R, Strauss SY (1993) Effects of herbivores on growth and reproduction of their perennial host, Erigeron glaucus. Ecology 74: 39–46
Kelly CA (1986) Extrafloral nectaries: ants, herbivores and fecundity in Cassia fasciculata. Oecologia 69: 600–605
Lamotte M (1975) The structure and function of a tropical savannah ecosystem. In: Golley FB, Medina E (eds) Tropical ecological systems. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 179–222
Lawton JH (1982) Vacant niches and unsaturated communities: a comparison of bracken herbivores at sites on two continents. J Anim Ecol 51: 573–595
Lawton JH, Brown VK (1993) Redundancy in ecosystems. In: Schulze ED, Mooney HA (eds) Biodiversity and ecosystem function. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 265–270
Lawton JH, Lewinsohn TM, Compton SG (1993) Patterns of diversity for the insect herbivores on bracken. In: Ricklefs RE, Schluter D (eds) Species diversity in ecological communities. Univ Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 178–184
Louda SM (1983) Seed predation and seedling mortality in the recruitment of a shrub, Haplopappus venetus (Asteraceae), along a climatic gradient. Ecology 64: 511–521
Masters GJ, Brown VK, Gange AC (1993) Plant-mediated interactions between above-and below-ground insect herbivores. Oikos 66: 148–151
Mattson WJ, Addy ND (1975) Phytophagous insects as regulators of forest primary productivity. Science 190: 515–522
McBrien H, Harmsen R, Crowder A (1983) A case of insect grazing affecting plant succession. Ecology 64: 1035–1039
McEvoy P, Cox C, Coombs E (1991) Successful biological control of ragwort, Senecio jacobaea, by introduced insects in Oregon. Ecol Applic 1: 430–442
McNaughton SJ (1976) Serengeti migratory wildebeest: facilitation of energy flow by grazing. Science 191: 92–94
Meyer GA (1993) A comparison of the impacts of leaf-and sap-feeding insects on growth and allocation of goldenrod. Ecology 74: 1101–1116
Meyer GA, Root RB (1993) Effects of herbivorous insects and soil fertility on reproduction of goldenrod. Ecology 74: 1117–1128
Moran NA, Whitham TG (1990) Interspecific competition between root-feeding and leaf-galling aphids mediated by host plant resistance. Ecology 71: 1050–1058
Murdoch WW, Evans FC, Peterson CH (1972) Diversity and pattern in plants and insects. Ecology 53: 819–829
Owen DF, Wiegert RG (1987) Leaf eating as mutualism. In: Barbosa P, Schultz JC (eds) Insect outbreaks. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 81–95
Parker MA, Root RB (1981) Insect herbivores limit habitat distribution of a native composite, Machaeranthera canescens. Ecology 62: 1390–1392
Polis GA (1991) Complex trophic interaction in deserts: an empirical critique of food-web theory. Am Nat 138: 123–155
Root RB (1973) Organization of a plant-arthropod association in simple and diverse habitats: the fauna of collards (Brassica oleracea). Ecol Monogr 43: 95–124
Sarmiento G (1984) The ecology of neotropical savannas. Harvard Univ Press, Cambridge (transl by Otto Solbrig )
Schnell R (1973) Introduction à la phytogéographie des pays tropicaux. 2. Les milieux les groupements végétaux. Gauthier-Villars, Paris
Sinclair ARE (1983) The adaptations of African ungulates and their effects on community function. In: Bourlière F (ed) Tropical savannas. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 401–426
Southwood TRE, Brown VK, Reader PM (1979) The relationship of plant and insect diversities in succession. Biol J Linn Soc 12: 327–348
Strauss SY (1991) Direct, indirect, and cumulative effects of three native herbivores on a shared host plant. Ecology 72: 543–558
Strong DR, Lawton JH, Southwood R (1984) Insects on plants: community patterns and mechanisms. Blackwell, Oxford
Swank WT, Waide JB, Crossley DA Jr, Todd RL (1981) Insect defoliation enhances nitrate export from forest ecosystems. Oecologia 51: 297–299
Thomas CD (1986) Butterfly larvae decrease host plant survival in the vicinity of alternate host species. Oecologia 70: 113–117
Vitousek PM (1990) Biological invasions and ecosystem processes: towards an integration of population biology and ecosystem studies. Oikos 57: 7–13
Walter H (1971) Ecology of tropical and subtropical vegetation. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh
Whitham TG, Maschinski J, Larson KC, Paige KN (1991) Plant responses to herbivory: the continuum from negative to positive and underlying physiological mechanisms. In: Price PW, Lewinsohn TM, Fernandes GW, Benson WW (eds) Plant-animal interactions: evolutionary ecology in tropical and temperate regions. Wiley, New York, pp 227–256
Williams AG, Whitham TG (1986) Premature leaf abscission: an induced plant defense against gall aphids. Ecology 67: 1619–1627
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lewinsohn, T.M., Price, P.W. (1996). Diversity of Herbivorous Insects and Ecosystem Processes. In: Solbrig, O.T., Medina, E., Silva, J.F. (eds) Biodiversity and Savanna Ecosystem Processes. Ecological Studies, vol 121. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78969-4_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78969-4_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-78971-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-78969-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive