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Chemistry of Aqueous Ozone and Transformation of Pollutants by Ozonation and Advanced Oxidation Processes

  • Chapter
Quality and Treatment of Drinking Water II

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC5,volume 5 / 5C))

Abstract

Ozonation is widely and successfully applied for many types of oxidative water treatments. Its chemical effects can be described by considering the sequences of highly selective direct reactions of molecular ozone and the reactions of the more reactive but less selective OH radicals which are always produced from decomposed ozone in aqueous systems. These radicals also control the ozone based AOPs (Advanced Oxidation Processes). In some cases even formation and reactions of additional secondary oxidants, such as carbonate radicals, hypobromite, and hydrogen peroxide have to be accounted for.

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Abbreviations

AC:

activated carbon

AOC:

assimilable organic carbon

AOP:

advanced oxidation process

c · t-value:

oxidant exposure value, i.e. conc. of oxidant (c) integrated for reaction time t

DBP:

disinfection by-products

DNOM:

dissolved natural organic material

DOC:

dissolved organic carbon

DOM:

dissolved organic material

GAC:

granular activated carbon

HO2/O −2 :

hydroperoxyl radical and superoxide anion (“dioxidanyl”)

kOH,P :

second-order reaction-rate constant for OH• reacting with a target compound P

kOH,S :

second-order reaction-rate constant for OH• reacting with a scavenger compound S

IOA:

International Ozone Association

M:

molar (mol/dm3), or specified molecular species

P:

specified molecular trace pollutant or probe compound

(ΔO3):

amount of ozone per dm3 that has decomposed in a water

(ΔO3)37%,:

(ΔO3) required to decrease the conc. of a target molecule P by a factor of e (i. e. to 37%). Also called Ω-value.

OH•(or HO•):

hydroxyl radical

S:

scavenger for OH• or for carbonate radicals

TOC:

total organic carbon

TOX:

total organic halogen compounds

[X]t:

conc. of compound X at time t (M)

[X](t):

conc. of compound X as a function of time t (M)

η:

stoichiometric yield factor (mole/mole)

τ x :

lifetime of a species X. Within this time the conc. of X declines by a factor e, to 37%.

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  1. Swiss Federal Institute for Environmental Science and Technology (EAWAG), CH-8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland

    Jürg Hoigné

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  1. Jürg Hoigné
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  1. Laboratory for Water and Drinking Water Research, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (rivm), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, NL-3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands

    Jiři Hrubec

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© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Hoigné, J. (1998). Chemistry of Aqueous Ozone and Transformation of Pollutants by Ozonation and Advanced Oxidation Processes. In: Hrubec, J. (eds) Quality and Treatment of Drinking Water II. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 5 / 5C. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68089-5_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68089-5_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-14774-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-68089-5

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