19.4 Summary
Calcium homeostasis is of critical importance to living organisms. In man, a complex hormonal system exists to finely regulate the extracellular calcium concentration. A common aberration of this system is primary hyperparathyroidism, the leading cause of chronic hypercalcemia. While usually presenting with few symptoms, this disease is a frequent explanation for osteoporosis and nephrolithiasis. If undiagnosed, it may progress with severe sequelae. It is therefore useful for the surgeon to have a general understanding of the regulation of calcium metabolism as well as the clinical features, diagnostic strategies, and the accepted surgical indications for this common endocrine condition.
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Holt, E.H., Inzucchi, S.E. (2007). Physiology and Pathophysiology of the Parathyroid Glands and Preoperative Evaluation. In: Oertli, D., Udelsman, R. (eds) Surgery of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68043-7_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68043-7_19
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