Abstract
Hierarchical Task-Network (HTN) based planning techniques have been applied to the problem of composing Web Services, especially when described using the OWL − S service ontologies. Many of the existing Web Services are either exclusively information providing or crucially depend on information-providing services. Thus, many interesting service compositions involve collecting information either during execution or during the composition process itself. In this paper, we focus on the latter issue. In particular, we present ENQUIRER, an HTN-planning algorithm designed for planning domains in which the information about the initial state of the world may not be complete, but it is discoverable through plan-time information-gathering queries. We have shown that ENQUIRER is sound and complete, and derived several mathematical relationships among the amount of available information, the likelihood of the planner finding a plan, and the quality of the plan found. We have performed experimental tests that confirmed our theoretical results and that demonstrated how ENQUIRER can be used in Web Service composition.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
OWL Services Coalition, O.W.L.-S.: Semantic markup for web services (2003), OWL-S White Paper, http://www.daml.org/services/owl-s/0.9/owl-s.pdf
Wu, D., Parsia, B., Sirin, E., Hendler, J., Nau, D.: Automating daml-s web services composition using SHOP2. In: Fensel, D., Sycara, K., Mylopoulos, J. (eds.) ISWC 2003. LNCS, vol. 2870, pp. 195–210. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Nau, D., Au, T.C., Ilghami, O., Kuter, U., Murdock, W., Wu, D., Yaman, F.: SHOP2: An HTN planning system. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 20 (2003)
Kuter, U., Sirin, E., Nau, D., Parsia, B., Hendler, J.: Information gathering during planning for web service composition. Technical Report 4616-2004-58, Department of Computer Science, University of Maryland, College Park (2004)
Berners-Lee, T., Hendler, J., Lassila, O.: The Semantic Web. Scientific American 284, 34–43 (2001)
McIlraith, S., Son, T.: Adapting Golog for composition of semantic web services. In: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Knowledge Representation and Reasoning, Toulouse, France (2002)
Bertoli, P., Cimatti, A., Roveri, M., Traverso, P.: Planning in nondeterministic domains under partial observability via symbolic model checking. In: IJCAI 2001, pp. 473–478 (2001)
Etzioni, O., Weld, D., Draper, D., Lesh, N., Williamson, M.: An approach to planning with incomplete information. Proceedings of KR 1992 (1992)
Golden, K., Etzioni, O., Weld, D.: Planning with execution and incomplete information. Technical Report TR96-01-09, Department of Computer Science, University of Washington (1996)
Penberthy, J.S., Weld, D.: UCPOP: A Sound, Complete, Partial Order Planner for ADL. In: Proceedings of KR 1992(1992)
Barish, G., Knoblock, C.A.: Planning, executing, sensing, and replanning for information gathering. In: Proceedings of AIPS 2002, pp. 184–193. AAAI Press, Menlo Park (2002)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kuter, U., Sirin, E., Nau, D., Parsia, B., Hendler, J. (2004). Information Gathering During Planning for Web Service Composition. In: McIlraith, S.A., Plexousakis, D., van Harmelen, F. (eds) The Semantic Web – ISWC 2004. ISWC 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3298. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30475-3_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30475-3_24
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-23798-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-30475-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive