Skip to main content

Deconstructing “Media Convergence”: A Cultural History of the Buzzword, 1980s–2010s

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Media Convergence and Deconvergence

Abstract

This chapter aims to deconstruct, mainly through a revision of scientific literature, the historical meanings of the term “media convergence” from the 1980s to the early 2010s. During these decades, media convergence has become more and more a popular buzzword in media studies and has been surrounded by the emergence of four different discourses and narratives. A technological narrative has focused on the coming together of different technical devices up to the so-called überbox. An economic/market dimension has been symbolized by mergers and acquisitions among private companies in different sectors. A political/regulatory media convergence has become a common policy in different countries and institutions, willing to favor and, at the same time, to respond to market convergence. Finally, a cultural perspective has seen new users’ practices and new production and distribution of content as the key phenomena in media convergence.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Albarran, A. B., & Gormly, R. K. (2004). Strategic response or strategic blunder? An examination of AOL time warner and vivendi universal. In R. G. Picard (Ed.), Strategic responses to media market changes (pp. 35–45). JIBS Research Reports Series, no 2004–2. Sweden: Jönköping International Business School.

    Google Scholar 

  • Askwith, I. D. (2007). Television 2.0: Reconceptualizing TV as an engagement medium. (Master Thesis). MIT, Boston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balbi, G. (2010). Radio before Radio: Araldo Telefonico and the invention of Italian broadcasting. Technology and Culture, 51(4), 786–808.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balbi‚ G.‚ & Magaudda‚ P. (forthcoming). A history of digital media: An intermedial and global perspective. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baldwin, T. F., Stevens McVoy, D., & Steinfield, C. (1996). Convergence: Integrating media, information & communication. Thousand Oaks, London and New Delhi: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barra, L., & Scaglioni, M. (2013). Come il gatto e il topo. L’impatto della pirateria nei consumi televisivi e le reazioni dei broadcaster. In R. Braga & G. Caruso (Eds.), Piracy effect: Norme, pratiche e studi di caso. Milan and Udine: Mimesis.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohlin, E., Brodin, K., Lundgren, A., & Thorngren, B. (Eds.). (2000). Convergence in communication and beyond. Amsterdam: North Holland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brand, S. (1987). The media lab: Inventing the future at MIT. New York: Viking Penguin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burnett, R., & Marshall, P. D. (2003). Web theory: An introduction. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clements, B. (1998). The impact of convergence on regulatory policy in Europe. Telecommunications Policy, 22(3), 197–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dailey, L., Demo, L., & Spillman, M. (2005). The convergence continuum: A model for studying collaboration between media newsrooms. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 13(3), 150–168.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Sola Pool, I. (1983). Technologies of freedom. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dennis, E. E. (1992). Of Media and People. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dennis, E. E. (2006). Television’s convergence conundrum. Finding the right digital strategy. Television Quarterly, 37(1), 22–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deuze, M. (2007). Convergence culture in the creative industries. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 10, 243–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doyle, G. (2013). Understanding media economics. (2nd ed.) Los Angeles, CA and London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dwyer, T. (2010). Media convergence. Maidenhead and New York: McGraw Hill/Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission. (1997). Green paper on the convergence of the telecommunications, media and information technology sectors, and the implication for regulation. COM (97) 623. Brussels: European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission. (2013). Green paper. Preparing for a fully converged audiovisual world: Growth, creation and values. COM (2013) 231. Brussels: European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fagerjord, A., & Storsul, T. (2007). Questioning convergence. In T. Storsul & D. Stuedahl (Eds.), Ambivalence towards convergence (pp. 19–32). Gothenburg: Nordicom.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farber, D. J., & Baran, P. (1977). The convergence of computing and telecommunications systems. Science, 195, 1166–1170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flynn, B. (2000). Digital TV, internet and mobile convergence developments and projections fro Europe. Digiscope Report. London: Philips Global Media.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs, C. (2011). Foundations of critical media and information studies. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gordon, R. (2003). The meanings and implications of convergence. In K. Kawamoto (Ed.), Digital journalism: Emerging media and the changing horizons of journalism (pp. 57–73). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grant, A. (2009). Dimensions of media convergence. In A. Grant & J. Wilkinson (Eds.), Media convergence. The state of the field (pp. 3–17). New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herkman, J. (2012). Convergence or intermediality? Finnish political communication in the new media age. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 18, 369–384.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hesmondhalgh, D. (2002). The cultural industries. London and Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hynes, D. (2003). Research report: Consumption convergence. Irish Communications Review, 9, 1–5. Available at http://www.icr.dit.ie/volume9/articles/Hynes.pdf.

  • Infotendencias group. (2012). Media convergence. In E. Siapera & A. Veglis (Eds.), The handbook of global online journalism (pp. 21–38). Chichester: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, H. (2001). Convergence? I diverge. Technology Review, June, 93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, H. (2004). The cultural logic of media convergence. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 7(1), 33–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, H. (2005). Welcome to convergence culture. Receiver, 1–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence culture: Where old and new media collide. New York: New York University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, H., & Deuze, M. (2008). Editorial: Convergence culture. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 14(1), 5–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, K. B. (2010). Media convergence: The three degrees of network, mass, and interpersonal communication. London and New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keen, A. (2007). The cult of the amateur: How today’s internet is killing our culture. New York: Doubleday/Currency.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kopecka-Piech, K. (2011). Media convergence concepts. Studia Medioznawcze, 46(3), 1–19. Retrieved from http://sm.id.uw.edu.pl/Numery/2011_3_46/kopecka.pdf.

  • Latzer‚ M. (2013). Media convergence. In R. Towse & C. Handke (Eds.), Handbook of the Digital Creative Economy (pp. 123–133). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • Latzer‚ M. (2014). Convergence‚ Co-evolution and Complexity in European Communications Policy. In K. Donders, C. Pauwels, J. Loisen (Eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of European Media Policy (pp. 36–53). Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levasseur, L., & Musso, P. (1993). Preface. Reseaux, 11(1), 9–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levy, P. (1997). Collective intelligence. Cambridge, MA: Perseus.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lind, J. (2004). Convergence: History of term usage and lessons for firm strategists. Online paper. Center for Information and Communications Research, at Stockholm School of Economics. Available at http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~jmueller/its/conf/berlin04/Papers/1_LIND.doc.

  • Marsden, C. T., & Verhulst, S. G. (1999). Convergence in European digital TV regulation. London: Blackstone.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miège, B. (1992). Des Convergences sont envisageables à terme. Reseaux, 11(1), 21–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, V. (2011). Understanding digital culture. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mueller, M. (1999). Digital convergence and its consequences. Javnost-The Public, 6(3), 11–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nguyen, A. (2007). The interaction between technologies and society: Lessons learnt from 160 evolutionary years of online news services. First Monday, 12(3). Retrieved from http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue12_3/nguyen/index.html.

  • Nieć, M. (2013). A brief look at the history of media convergence. In R. Szczepaniak (Ed.), Media convergence—Approaches and experiences. Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien: Peter Lang.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen, J. (2006). Participation Inequality: Encouraging More Users to Contribute. Retrieved from http://www.nngroup.com/articles/participation-inequality.

  • Noam, E. M. (Ed.). (2015). Who owns the world’s media? Media concentration and ownership around the world. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noll, J. M. (2003). The myth of convergence. International Journal on Media Management, 5(1), 12–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nora, S., & Minc, A. (1978). L’informatisation de la Société. Paris: La Documentation française.

    Google Scholar 

  • OECD. (1992). Telecommunications and broadcasting: Convergence or collision? OECD Digital Economy Papers, 5, OECD Publishing. Available at doi:10.1787/237416285388.

  • Oettinger, A., Berman, P., & Read, W. (1977). High and low politics: Information resources for the 80s. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pradié, C., & Salaün, J. M. (1992). Synthese européenne. Réalité et illusions. Reseaux, 11(1), 173–205.

    Google Scholar 

  • Punathambekar, A. (2008). We’re online, not on the streets: Indian cinema, new media, and participatory culture. In A. Kavoori & A. Punathambekar (Eds.), Global Bollywood (pp. 282–299). New York: New York University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richeri, G. (1982). L’universo telematico. Il lavoro e la cultura del prossimo doma-ni . Bari: De Donato.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silverstone, R. (1995). Convergence is a dangerous word. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 1, 11–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singer, J. B. (2004). Strange bedfellows? The diffusion of convergence in four news organizations. Journalism Studies, 5(1), 3–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Staiger, J., & Hake, S. (Eds.). (2009). Convergence media history. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steward, T. (2014). Wide-screen television and home movies: Towards an archaeology of television and cinema convergence before digitalisation. View: Journal of European Television History and Culture, 3, Retrieved from http://journal.euscreen.eu/index.php/view/article/view/JETHC070/170. Accessed September 14, 2016.

  • Szczepaniak, R. (2013). Editorial. In R. Szczepaniak (Ed.), Media Convergence—Approaches and Experiences. Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien: Peter Lang.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Thorburn, D., & Jenkins, H. (2004). Introduction: Towards an aesthetics of transition. In D. Thorburn & H. Jenkins (Eds.), Rethinking media change: The aesthetics of transition (pp. 1–16). Cambridge, MA and London: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watson, J. D., & Hill, A. (1997). A dictionary of media and communication studies (6th ed.). London: Arnold.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winseck, D. (1999). Back to the future: Telecommunications, online information services and convergence from 1840 to 1910. Media History, 5(2), 137–157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wirth, M. O. (2006). Issues in media convergence. In A. B. Albarran, S. Chan-Olmsted, & M. O. Wirth (Eds.), Handbook of media management and economics (pp. 445–462). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ytreberg, E. (2011). Review article: Convergence: Essentially confused? New Media & Society, 13(3), 502–508.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Y. E. (2008). Examining media convergence: Does it converge good journalism, economic synergies, and competitive advantages? Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at University of Missouri-Columbia, May.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gabriele Balbi .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Balbi, G. (2017). Deconstructing “Media Convergence”: A Cultural History of the Buzzword, 1980s–2010s. In: Sparviero, S., Peil, C., Balbi, G. (eds) Media Convergence and Deconvergence. Global Transformations in Media and Communication Research - A Palgrave and IAMCR Series. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51289-1_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics