Abstract
Digital twins, the cyberspace counterparts of physical systems, play an important role in cyber-physical production systems (CPPS), within the context of Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things (IoT). In complex manufacturing systems with many digital twins, information must be aggregated, which leads to the requirement for digital twins to interact. Reference architectures for digital twins are required when digital twins from different vendors have to interact. This paper extends the Six-Layer Architecture for Digital Twins (SLADT) to a reference architecture with aggregation (SLADTA). The architecture makes maximum use of vendor-neutral off-the-shelf software, as well as secure and open protocols for twin-to-twin communication. SLADTA is illustrated through an application in a manufacturing cell scenario.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kagermann, H., Helbig, J., Hellinger, A., Wahlster, W.: Recommendations for implementing the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0: Securing the future of German manufacturing industry; final report of the Industrie 4.0 Working Group. Forschungsunion (2013)
Baheti, R., Gill, H.: Cyber-physical systems. Impact Control Technol. 161–166 (2011). Online First Articles
Schroeder, G.N., Steinmetz, C., Pereira, C.E., Espindola, D.B.: Digital twin data modeling with automationML and a communication methodology for data exchange. IFAC-PapersOnLine 49, 12–17 (2016)
Lee, E.A., Seshia, S.A.: Introduction to Embedded Systems - A Cyber-Physical Systems Approach. MIT Press, Cambridge (2017)
Lee, J., Bagheri, B., Kao, H.-A.: A cyber-physical systems architecture for industry 4.0-based manufacturing systems. Soc. Manuf. Eng. 3, 18–23 (2014)
Leitão, P., Colombo, A.W., Karnouskos, S.: Industrial automation based on cyber-physical systems technologies: prototype implementations and challenges. Comput. Ind. 81, 11–25 (2016)
Monostori, L., Kádár, B., Bauernhansl, T., Kondoh, S., Kumara, S., Reinhart, G., Sauer, O., Schuh, G., Sihn, W., Ueda, K.: Cyber-physical systems in manufacturing. CIRP Ann. Manuf. Technol. 65, 621–641 (2016)
Walker, M.J.: Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies (2017)
Grieves, M., Vickers, J.: Digital twin: mitigating unpredictable, undesirable emergent behavior in complex systems. In: Kahlen, F.J., Flumerfelt, S., Alves, A. (eds.) Transdisciplinary Perspectives on Complex Systems. Springer, Cham (2017)
Kitain, L.: Digital Twin—The New age of Manufacturing. https://medium.com/datadriveninvestor/digital-twin-the-new-age-of-manufacturing-d964eeba3313
Redelinghuys, A.J.H., Basson, A.H., Kruger, K.: A six-layer digital twin architecture for a manufacturing cell. In: Borangiu, T., Trentesaux, D., Thomas, A., Cavalieri, S. (eds.) Service Orientation in Holonic and Multi-Agent Manufacturing. SOHOMA 2018. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol. 803. Springer, Cham (2019)
Duffie, N.A., Chitturi, R., Mou, J.I.: Fault-tolerant heterarchical control of heterogeneous manufacturing system entities. J. Manuf. Syst. 7, 315–328 (1988)
Hoppe, S.: There is no Industrie 4.0 without OPC UA. OPC Foundation (2017)
Redelinghuys, A.J.H., Basson, A.H., Kruger, K.: Cybersecurity Considerations for Industrie 4.0. In: Presented at the Conference on Competitive Manufacturing (COMA 2019) (2019)
M.A.C. Solutions: KEPServerEX V6 OPC Server. https://www.mac-solutions.net/en/products/industrial-data-comms/opc-communications-suite/item/157-kepserverex-v6-opc-server
OPC Foundation: OPC Unified Architecture Secure communication with IEC 62541 OPC UA. https://opcfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/OPC-UA_Security_EN.pdf
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Redelinghuys, A.J.H., Kruger, K., Basson, A. (2020). A Six-Layer Architecture for Digital Twins with Aggregation. In: Borangiu, T., Trentesaux, D., Leitão, P., Giret Boggino, A., Botti, V. (eds) Service Oriented, Holonic and Multi-agent Manufacturing Systems for Industry of the Future. SOHOMA 2019. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 853. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27477-1_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27477-1_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-27476-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-27477-1
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)