Abstract
Hyponatremia is usually defined as a decrease in plasma sodium to a level ≤135 mEq/L. It is the most frequent electrolyte disorder occurring in hospitalized patients.1–3 Its actual incidence depends on the defined level of hyponatremia: 20% for natremia ≤136 mEq/L and 1% to 4% for natremia <130 mEq/L. This chapter discusses the pathophysiology, diagnosis and principles of treatment of hyponatremia, and suggests specific considerations for hyponatremia occurring in patients with heart failure.
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Keywords
- Hypertonic Saline
- Acute Heart Failure Syndrome
- Vasopressin Antagonist
- Hypertonic Saline Infusion
- Vasopressin Receptor Antagonist
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
References
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Ichai, C., Lena, D. (2008). Hyponatremia in the Setting of Acute Heart Failure Syndrome. In: Mebazaa, A., Gheorghiade, M., Zannad, F.M., Parrillo, J.E. (eds) Acute Heart Failure. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-782-4_72
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-782-4_72
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