Skip to main content

Specific Imaging and Tracking of Mitochondria in Live Cells by a Photostable AIE Luminogen

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress III

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1208))

Abstract

Tracking the dynamics of mitochondrial morphology has attracted much research interest because of its involvement in early stage apoptosis and degenerative conditions. To follow this process, highly specific and photostable fluorescent probes are in demand. Commercially available mitochondria trackers, however, suffer from poor photostability. To overcome this limitation, we have designed and synthesized a fluorescent agent, tetraphenylethene-triphenylphosphonium (TPE-TPP), for mitochondrial imaging. Inherent from the mitochondrial-targeting ability of TPP groups and the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics of the TPE core, TPE-TPP possesses high specificity to mitochondria, superior photostability, and appreciable tolerance to environmental change, allowing imaging and tracking of the mitochondrial morphological changes in a long period of time.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ow Y, Green D, Hao Z, Mak T (2008) Cytochrome c: functions beyond respiration. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 9:532–542

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Hoye A, Davoren J, Wipf P (2008) Targeting mitochondria. Acc Chem Res 41:87–97

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Dickinson B, Srikun D, Chang C (2010) Mitochondrial-targeted fluorescent probes for reactive oxygen species. Curr Opin Chem Biol 14:50–56

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Dickinson B, Chang C (2008) A targetable fluorescent probe for imaging hydrogen peroxide in the mitochondria of living cells. J Am Chem Soc 130:9638–9639

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Karbowski M, Youle R (2003) Dynamics of mitochondrial morphology in healthy cells and during apoptosis. Cell Death Differ 10: 870–880

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Masanta G, Heo C, Lim C (2012) A mitochondria-localized two-photon fluorescent probe for ratiometric imaging of hydrogen peroxide in live tissue. Chem Commun 48:3518–3520

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Gandre-Babbe S, van der Bliek AM (2008) The novel tail-anchored membrane protein Mff controls mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission in mammalian cells. Mol Biol Cell 19:2402–2412

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Miyake T, McDermott J, Gramolini A (2011) A method for the direct identification of differentiating muscle cells by a fluorescent mitochondrial dye. PLoS One 6:e28628

    Article  PubMed  CAS  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Neto B, Carvalho P, Santos D (2012) Synthesis, properties and highly selective mitochondria staining with novel, stable and superior benzothiadiazole fluorescent probes Gatto. RSC Adv 2:1524–1532

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Hong Y, Lam J, Tang B (2009) Aggregation-induced emission: phenomenon, mechanism and applications. Chem Commun 29:4332–4353

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Hong Y, Lam J, Tang B (2011) Aggregation-induced emission. Chem Soc Rev 40: 5361–5388

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Chen S, Tang B, Wong S (2012) An AIE-active hemicyanine fluorogen with stimuli-responsive red/blue emission: extending the pH sensing range by “switch + knob” effect. Chem Sci 3:1804–1809

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Yong Y, Luo K, Tang B (2011) Cytophilic fluorescent bioprobes for long-term cell tracking. Adv Mater 23:3298–3302

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (604711, 602212, HKUST2/CRF/10, and N_HKUST620/11), the University Grants Committee of Hong Kong (AoE/P-03/08), HKUST (RPC10SC13, RPC11SC09, and SRFI11SC03PG), the Innovation and Technology Commission (ITCPD/17-9), and the National Science Foundation of China (20974028). B.Z.T. thanks the support from Guangdong Innovative Research Team Program of China (201101C0105067115).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Leung, C.W.T., Hong, Y., Tang, B.Z. (2015). Specific Imaging and Tracking of Mitochondria in Live Cells by a Photostable AIE Luminogen. In: Armstrong, D. (eds) Advanced Protocols in Oxidative Stress III. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1208. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1441-8_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-1441-8_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-1440-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-1441-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics