Abstract
A variety of chemical systems have been developed to separate trivalent actinides from lanthanides based on the slightly stronger complexation of the trivalent actinides with ligands that contain soft donor atoms. The greater stability of the actinide complexes in these systems has often been attributed to a slightly greater covalent bonding component for the actinide ions relative to the lanthanide ions. We have investigated several synergistic extraction systems that use ligands with a combination of oxygen and sulfur donor atoms to achieve a good group separation of the trivalent actinides and lanthanides. For example, the combination of dicyclohexyldithiophosphinic acid and tributylphosphate has shown separation factors of up to 800 for americium over europium in a single extraction stage. Such systems could find application in advanced partitioning schemes for spent nuclear fuel and nuclear waste.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Diamond, R.M., K. Street, and G.T. Seaborg, An Ion-exchange Study of Possible Hybridized 5f Bonding in the Actinides. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1954. 76(6): p. 1461–1469.
Nash, K.L., A Review of the Basic Chemistry and Recent Developments in Trivaient f-Elements Separations. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange, 1993. 11(4): p. 729–768.
Fitoussi, R., C. Musikas, and H. Ramariveic, Method for Separating Actinides from Lanthanides in an Acidic Aqueous Solution 1984, U. S. Patent No. 4,461,747.
Tjioe, T.T., P.F.M. Durville, and G.M. van Rosmalen, Extraction of Cadmium from Phosphoric Acid with Diorganyldithiophosphinic Acids. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange, 1989. 7(3): p. 435–459.
Rickelton, W.A., Novel Uses for Thiophosphinic Acids in Solvent Extraction. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 1992. (May): p. 52-54.
Rauhut, M.M., H.A. Currier, and V.P. Wystrach, The Preparation of Dithiophosphinates from Secondary Phosphines and Sulfur under Alkaline Conditions. Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1961. 26: p. 5133–5135.
Higgins, W.A., P.W. Vogel, and W.G. Craig, Aromatic Phosphinic Acids and Derivatives. I. Diphenylphosphinodithoic Acid and Its Derivatives. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1955. 77: p. 1864–1867.
Cox, M. and D.S. Flett, Metal Extraction, in The Handbook of Solvent Extraction, T.C. Lo and M.H.I. Baird, Editors. 1983, Wiley Interscience: New York. p. 53–90.
Rickelton, W. A. and R.J. Boyle, The Selective Recovery of Zinc with New Thiophosphinic Acids. Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange, 1990. 8(6): p. 783–797.
Pattee, D., et al, Extraction des Lanthanides et Actinides Trivalents par l’Acide Di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphorique: Structure des Complexes Organiques. Journal of Less-Common Metals, 1986. 122: p. 295–302.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jarvinen, G.D. et al. (1995). Selective Extraction of Trivalent Actinides from Lanthanides with Dithiophosphinic Acids and Tributylphosphate. In: Nash, K.L., Choppin, G.R. (eds) Separations of f Elements. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1406-4_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1406-4_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4899-1408-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-1406-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive