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Nutrition and Metabolism

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Avian Energetics and Nutritional Ecology

Abstract

The nutrition of animals involves procurement of food, digestion and absorption of component nutrients, metabolism and (or) assimilation of absorbed nutrients, and elimination of resulting waste products. Adequate nutrition is essential to an organism’s survival and reproductive success (i.e., fitness). Determining what constitutes adequate nutrition for free-living animals poses a challenge. An animal’s nutritional status depends on (1) its nutrient needs, (2) nutrient accessibility, and (3) the metabolic, physiological, morphological, and behavioral plasticity that the animal can invoke either to avert or to minimize discrepancies between demand and accessibility, or to resolve conflicting demands through the course of its annual or life cycle (e.g., adaptive anorexias; Mrosovsky and Sherry 1980). This chapter focuses on these three elements of the nutritional budgets of birds. An exhaustive review of the literature germane to this topic is neither practical nor possible. This chapter is intended only to provide an overview and some direction for future research. For the sake of brevity, reviews and recent reports have been preferentially cited here. Two sources of notable value, because of their scope and attention to avian nutrition, are Scott et al. (1982) and Robbins (1993).

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  1. Mary E. Murphy
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    Cynthia Carey

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Murphy, M.E. (1996). Nutrition and Metabolism. In: Carey, C. (eds) Avian Energetics and Nutritional Ecology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0425-8_2

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