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Hypoxia and High Altitude

The molecular response

  • Conference paper
Hypoxia

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 543))

Abstract

Increased erythropoietin plasma levels and the consequent augmented production of red blood cells is the best known systemic adaptation to reduced oxygen partial pressure (pO2). Intensive research during the last years revealed that the molecular mechanism behind the regulation of erythropoietin is ubiquitous and has far more implications than first thought. Erythropoietin regulation results from the activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway under hypoxic conditions. HIF-1 is a heterodimer consisting of an oxygen sensitive - HIF-1¦Á- and an oxygen-in-dependent subunit - HIF-1¦Â (also known as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear trans locator - ARNT). In addition to erythropoietin, more than 30 genes are now known to be up-regulated by HIF-1. Recently, the critical involvement of HIF-1¦Á post-translational modifications in the cellular oxygen sensing mechanism was discovered. In this review we will focus on the regulation of the HIF-1 pathway and the cellular oxygen sensor and discuss their implications in high altitude hypoxia.

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  1. Gisele Höpfl
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  2. Omolara Ogunshola
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  3. Max Gassmann
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Colorado Center for Altitude Medicine and Physiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, USA

    Robert C. Roach  & Peter H. Hackett (President) &  (President)

  2. University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA

    Peter D. Wagner

  3. International Society for Mountain Medicine, Ridgway, Colorado, USA

    Peter H. Hackett (President) (President)

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Höpfl, G., Ogunshola, O., Gassmann, M. (2003). Hypoxia and High Altitude. In: Roach, R.C., Wagner, P.D., Hackett, P.H. (eds) Hypoxia. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 543. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8997-0_7

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