Abstract
We extend the fixpoint and model-theoretic semantics of logic programs to include unique key constraints in derived relations. This extension increases the expressive power of Datalog programs, while preserving their declarative semantics and efficient implementation. The greater expressive power yields a simple characterization for the notion of set aggregates, including the identification of aggregates that are monotonic with respect to set containment and can thus be used in recursive logic programs. These new constructs are critical in many applications, and produce simple logic-based formulations for complex algorithms that were previously believed to be beyond the realm of declarative logic.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Abiteboul, R. Hull, and V. Vianu: Foundations of Databases. Addison-Wesley, 1995.
N. Bidoit and C. Froidevaux: General logical Databases and Programs: Default Logic Semantics and Stratification. Information and Computation, 91, pp. 15–54, 1991.
W. Chen, D. S. Warren: Tabled Evaluation With Delaying for General Logic Programs. JACM, 43(1): 20–74 (1996).
D. Chimenti, R. Gamboa, R. Krishnamurthy, S. Naqvi, S. Tsur and C. Zaniolo: The LDL System Prototype. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 2(1), pp. 76–90, 1990.
S. Ceri, G. Gottlob and L. Tanca: Logic Programming and Databases. Springer, 1990.
S. W. Dietrich: Shortest Path by Approximation in Logic Programs. ACM Letters on Programming Languages and Systems, 1(2), pp. 119–137, 1992.
S. J. Finkelstein, N. Mattos, I.S. Mumick, and H. Pirahesh: Expressing Recursive Queries in SQL, ISO WG3 report X3H2-96-075, March 1996.
J. M. Hellerstein, P. J. Haas, H. J. Wang.: Online Aggregation. SIGMOD 1997: Proc. ACM SIGMOD Int. Conference on Management of Data, pp. 171–182, ACM, 1997.
S. Ganguly, S. Greco, and C. Zaniolo: Extrema Predicates in Deductive Databases. JCSS 51(2), pp. 244–259, 1995.
M. Gelfond and V. Lifschitz: The Stable Model Semantics for Logic Programming. Proc. Joint International Conference and Symposium on Logic Programming, R. A. Kowalski and K. A. Bowen (eds.), pp. 1070–1080, MIT Press, 1988.
F. Giannotti, D. Pedreschi, D. Saccà, C. Zaniolo: Non-Determinism in Deductive Databases. In DOOD’91, C. Delobel, M. Kifer, Y. Masunaga (eds.), pp. 129–146, Springer, 1991.
F. Giannotti, G. Manco, M. Nanni, D. Pedreschi: On the Effective Semantics of Nondeterministic, Nonmonotonic, Temporal Logic Databases. Proceedings of 12th Int. Workshop, Computer Science Logic, pp. 58–72, LNCS Vol. 1584, Springer, 1999.
F. Giannotti, D. Pedreschi, and C. Zaniolo: Semantics and Expressive Power of Non-Deterministic Constructs in Deductive Databases. JCSS 62, pp. 15–42, 2001.
Sergio Greco, Domenico Saccà: NP Optimization Problems in Datalog. ILPS 1997: Proc. Int. Logic Programming Symposium, pp. 181–195, MIT Press, 1997.
S. Greco and C. Zaniolo: Greedy Algorithms in Datalog with Choice and Negation, Proc. 1998 Joint Int. Conference & Symposium on Logic Programming, JCSLP’98, pp. 294–309, MIT Press, 1998.
R. Krishnamurthy, S. Naqvi: Non-Deterministic Choice in Datalog. In Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Data and Knowledge Bases, pp. 416–424, Morgan Kaufmann, 1988.
V. W. Marek and M. Truszczynski: Nonmonotonic Logic. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1995.
J. Minker: Logic and Databases: A 20 Year Retrospective. In D. Pedreschi and C. Zaniolo (eds.), Proceedings International Workshop on Logic in Databases (LID’96), Springer-Verlag, pp. 5–52, 1996.
I. Niemelä, P. Simons and T. Syrjanen: Smodels: A System for Answer Set Programming Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Non-Monotonic Reasoning, April 9–11, 2000, Breckenridge, Colorado, 4 pages. (Also see: http://www.tcs.hut.fi/Software/smodels/)
I. Niemelta and P. Simons: Extending the Smodels System with Cardinality and Weight Constraints. In Jack Minker (ed.): Logic-Based Artificial Intelligence, pp. 491–521. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001.
M.A. Orgun and W.W. Wadge, Towards an Unified Theory of Intensional Logic Programming. The Journal of Logic and Computation, 4(6), pp. 877–903, 1994.
T. C. Przymusinski: On the Declarative and Procedural Semantics of Stratified Deductive Databases: In J. Minker (ed.), Foundations of Deductive Databases and Logic Programming, pp. 193–216, Morgan Kaufmann, 1988.
R. Ramakrishnan, D. Srivastava, S. Sudanshan, and P. Seshadri: Implementation of the CORAL Deductive Database System. SIGMOD’93: Proc. Int. ACM SIGMOD Conference on Management of Data, pp. 167–176, ACM, 1993.
K. A. Ross and Yehoshua Sagiv: Monotonic Aggregation in Deductive Database, JCSS 54(1), pp. 79–97, 1997.
D. Saccà and C. Zaniolo: Deterministic and Non-deterministic Stable Models, Journal of Logic and Computation, 7(5), pp. 555–579, 1997.
J. S. Schlipf: Complexity and Undecidability Results in Logic Programming, Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, 15, pp. 257–288, 1995.
S. Sudarshan and R. Ramakrishnan: Aggregation and relevance in deductive databases. VLDB’91: Proceedings of 17th Conference on Very Large Data Bases, pp. 501–511, Morgan Kaufmann, 1991.
J. D. Ullman: Principles of Data and Knowledge-Based Systems, Computer Science Press, New York, 1988.
M.H. Van Emden and R. Kowalski: The Semantics of Predicate Logic as a Programming Language. JACM 23(4), pp. 733–742, 1976.
A. Van Gelder, K. A. Ross, and J. S. Schlipf: The Well-Founded Semantics for General Logic Programs. JACM 38, pp. 620–650, 1991.
A. Van Gelder: Foundations of Aggregations in Deductive Databases. In DOOD’ 93, S. Ceri, K. Tanaka, S. Tsur (Eds.), pp. 13–34, Springer, 1993.
H. Wang and C. Zaniolo: User-Defined Aggregates in Object-Relational Database Systems. ICDE 2000: International Conference on Database Engineering. pp. 111–121, IEEE Press, 2000.
H. Wang and C. Zaniolo: Using SQL to Build New Aggregates and Extenders for Object-Relational Systems. VLDB 2000: Proceedings of 26th Conference on Very Large Data Bases, pp. 166–175, Morgan Kaufmann, 2000.
C. Zaniolo and H. Wang: Logic-Based User-Defined Aggregates for the Next Generation of Database Systems. In K.R. Apt, V. Marek, M. Truszczynski, D.S. Warren (eds.): The Logic Programming Paradigm: Current Trends and Future Directions. Springer Verlag, pp. 121–140, 1999.
C. Zaniolo, S. Ceri, C. Faloutzos, R. Snodgrass, V.S. Subrahmanian, and R. Zicari: Advanced Database Systems, Morgan Kaufmann, 1997.
C. Zaniolo: The Nonmonotonic Semantics of Active Rules in Deductive Databases. In DOOD 1997, F. Bry, R. Ramakrishnan, K. Ramamohanarao (eds.), pp. 265–282, Springer, 1997.
C. Zaniolo et al.: \( \mathcal{L}\mathcal{D}\mathcal{L} + + \) Documentation and Web Demo, 1988: http://www.cs.ucla.edu/ldl
C. Zaniolo: Key Constraints and Monotonic Aggregates in Deductive Databases. UCLA technical report, June 2001.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Zaniolo, C. (2002). Key Constraints and Monotonic Aggregates in Deductive Databases. In: Kakas, A.C., Sadri, F. (eds) Computational Logic: Logic Programming and Beyond. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 2408. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45632-5_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45632-5_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-43960-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-45632-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive