Conclusion

Abstract

About 740 years ago, Rumi penned thousands of lines expressing his cognitive and spiritual understanding of existence. A small proportion of those lines have been popularly used to characterize Rumi as a Sufi, have made him famous, and have given rise to the sentimental mystical perceptions of him. A wide range of poems in which Rumi calls for equality of Muslims and non-Muslims, and those poems considered religiously debatable, have not yet received enough attention. Nor has his intention of mentioning the name Shams throughout his poetry been well understood. The objective of this book has been to see Rumi in a new light, as a philosopher, rebel, and thinker, alongside the existing narrative of his mysticism, as well as to reintroduce Shams based on his Maqālāt. It is important to examine Rumi’s philosophy of non-dualism in a broader framework than previously, against a comparative background. Three critical aspects of this reenvisioning of Rumi have been covered in this book.