Abstract
Tyler Perry’s films propagate two dangerous myths by virtue of their success—the myth that his works celebrate black identity in general and black female identity in particular by foregrounding black women in his story lines, and the myth that his films function as a forum for prophetic discourse with theological messages of Christian redemption. Needless to say, a black film producer with a black-owned entertainment empire, who hires and directs an all-black cast, writes story lines with black female protagonists, reaches a black female audience, inscribes Christian messages in his narratives with a black church evangelical drive, does not a womanist theologian make. The two myths are integrally related because of the way in which Perry’s theology functions to perpetuate controlling images of black women. Indeed the black church is used to support and undergird the moral lessons he has for women. “His projects, arguably like the black church itself, are steeped in a narrow, Christian moralism that idealizes benevolent male leadership.”1 Perry’s works are heuristic for demonstrating why race, class, gender, and sexuality are particularly theological problems. Perry’s own identity politics are so fundamental to his theology of forgiveness and redemption that his politics ultimately eclipse the intended theological underpinnings and yield instead a masculinist logic and anthropocentric ideology.
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Notes
Melissa V. Harris-Perry, Sister Citizen: Shame, Stereotypes, and Black Women in America (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2011), 259.
See Wahneema Lubiano, “But Compared to What? Reading Realism, Representation and Essentialism in School Daze, Do the Right Thing, and the Spike Lee Discourse,” in Representing Blackness: Issues in Film and Video, ed. Valerie Smith (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1997), 97–122, 107.
See M. Shawn Copeland, Enfleshing Freedom: Body, Race, and Being (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2010).
Stuart Hall, “What Is This ‘Black’ in Black Popular Culture?” in Representing Blackness: Issues in Film and Video, ed. Valerie Smith (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1997), 123–133, 128.
Timothy Lyle, “‘Check With Yo’ Man First; Check with Yo’ Man’: Tyler Perry Appropriates Drag as a Tool to Re-Circulate Patriarchal Ideology,” Callaloo, Vol. 34, No. 3 (2011): 943–958, 951.
Mia Mask, “Who’s Behind That Fat Suit?: Momma, Madea, Rasputia and the Politics of Cross-Dressing,” in Contemporary Black American Cinema: Race, Gender and Sexuality at the Movies, ed. Mia Mask (New York: Routledge, 2012), 155–174, 160, 169.
See also LeRhonda S. Manigault-Bryant, “Fat Spirit: Obesity, Religion, and Sapphmammibel in Contemporary Black Film,” Fat Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Body Weight and Society, Vol. 2, No. 1 (Spring 2013): 56–69.
Lubiano, “But Compared to What?” 111, citing John Akomfrah in Coco Fusco, “An Interview with Black Audio Film Collective: John Akomfrah, Reece Auguiste, Lina Gopaul and Avril Johnson,” in Young, British and Black: the Work of Sankofa and Black Audio Film Collective (Buffalo, NY: Hallwalls/Contemporary Arts Center, 1988), 41–60, 55.
Robert Patterson draws a comparison between Perry and Frazier in passing in “Woman, Thou Art Bound: Critical Spectatorship, Black Masculine Gazes, and Gender Problems in Tyler Perry’s Moves,” Black Camera, Vol. 3, No. 1 (2011): 9–30, 15; see Cherise A. Harris and Keisha Edwards Tassie, “The Cinematic Incarnation of Frazier’s Black Bourgeoisie: Tyler Perry’s Black Middle Class,” Journal of African American Studies, Vol. 16, No. 2 (2012): 321–344 for a fuller treatment and a compelling case for Perry’s rendition of black middle-class disdain for lower classes.
Manthia Diawara, “Black Spectatorship: Problems of Identification and Resistance,” in Black American Cinema, ed. Manthia Diawara (New York: Routledge, 1993), 211–220, 215.
See Cheryl Kirk-Duggan, Misbegotten Anguish: A Theology and Ethics of Violence (St. Louis, MO: Chalice Press, 2001), pp. 119ff. for a womanist treatment of the intersection between gender roles and sexual and domestic violence.
See Joy James, “Depoliticizing Representation: Sexual-Racial Stereotypes,” in Shadowboxing: Representation of Black Feminist Politics (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1999), 149.
For further discussion of justice in a theology of forgiveness and how anger and hatred may function as signs of Christian love, see L. Gregory Jones, Embodying Forgiveness: A Theological Analysis (Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1995), 243ff.
See Delores S. Williams, Sisters in the Wilderness: The Challenge of Womanist God-Talk (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1993).
Melissa Harris-Lacewell, “From Liberation to Mutual Fund: Political Consequences of Differing Conceptions of Christ in the African American Church,” in From Pews to Polling Places: Faith and Politics in The American Religious Mosaic, ed., J. Matthew Wilson (Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2007), 131–160, 143.
William Schweiker, “The Ethics of Responsibility and the Question of Humanism,” Literature and Theology, Vol. 18, No. 3 (2004): 251–270, 267.
Anthony B. Pinn, The End of God-Talk: An African American Humanist Theology (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), 142.
Monica A. Coleman, Making a Way Out of No Way: A Womanist Theology (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press, 2008), 80.
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© 2014 LeRhonda S. Manigault-Bryant, Tamura A. Lomax, and Carol B. Duncan
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White, A.C. (2014). Screening God. In: Manigault-Bryant, L.S., Lomax, T.A., Duncan, C.B. (eds) Womanist and Black Feminist Responses to Tyler Perry’s Productions. Black Religion / Womanist Thought / Social Justice. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137429568_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137429568_6
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