Abstract
Over the past two decades, there has been much debate concerning the Internet’s ability to facilitate and support public deliberation and extend the public sphere (cf. Gimmler 2001; Papacharissi 2002; Dahlgren 2005; Coleman and Blumler 2009). The belief that the Internet may play a significant role in reducing some of the deliberative deficit of Western democracies has sparked much interest in the potential benefits and drawbacks of online communication. Following the initial euphoria over the possibility of a ‘new’ Internet-based public sphere, along with its critical response, a growing body of innovative empirical research into online deliberation has emerged in its wake. Scholars have been interested in how citizens use the Internet to express themselves, not only during election time, but also how it is used for political purposes in citizens’ everyday lives. In particular, there is growing research focusing on online, everyday political talk.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Albrecht, S. (2006) ‘Whose Voice Is Heard in Online Deliberation? A Study of Participation and Representation in Political Debates on the Internet’, Information, Communication & Society, 9 (1), 62–82.
Anstead, N. and O’Loughlin, B. (2011) ‘The Emerging Viewertariat and BBC Question Time: Television Debate and Real Time Commenting Online’, International Journal of Press/Politics, 16 (4), 440–462.
Astrom, J. and Gronlund, A. (2012) ‘Online Consultations in Local Government: What Works, When and How’, in S. Coleman and P. Shane (eds.), Connecting Democracy: Online Consultation and the Flow of Political Communication(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), pp. 75–96.
Baek, Y.M., Wojcieszak, M. and Delli Carpini, M.X. (2012) ‘Online Versus Face-to-Face Deliberation: Who? Why? What? With What Effects?’, New Media & Society, 14 (3), 363–383.
Barber, B.R. (1984) Strong Democracy: Participatory Politics for a New Age (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press).
Beierle, T.C. (2004) ‘Engaging the Public Through Online Policy Dialogues’, in P. Shane (ed.), Democracy Online: The Prospects for Democratic Renewal Through the Internet (New York: Taylor & Francis), pp. 155–66.
Benhabib, S. (1996) ‘Toward a Deliberative Model of Democratic Legitimacy’, in S. Benhabib (ed.), Democracy and Difference: Contesting the Boundaries of the Political (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press), pp. 67–94.
Brundidge, J. (2010) ‘Encountering “Difference” in the Contemporary Public Sphere: The Contribution of the Internet to the Heterogeneity of Political Discussion Networks’, Journal of Communication, 60 (4), 680–700.
Bua, A. (2012) ‘Agenda Setting and Democratic Innovation: The Case of the Sustainable Communities Act 2007’, Politics, 32 (1), 10–20.
Cohen, J. (1997) ‘Deliberation and Democratic Legitimacy’, in J. Bohman and W. Rehg (eds.), Deliberative Democracy: Essays on Reason and Politics (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), pp. 67–92.
Coleman, S. (2004) ‘Connecting Parliament to the Public via the Internet’, Information, Communication & Society, 7 (1), 1–22.
Coleman, S. and Blumler, J.G. (2009) The Internet and Democratic Citizenship(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Coleman, S. and Gotze, J. (2001) Bowling Together: Online Public Engagement in Policy Deliberation (London: Hansard Society).
Dahlberg, L. (2001) ‘Extending the Public Sphere Through Cyberspace: The Case of Minnesota E-Democracy’, First Monday: Peer-Reviewed Journal on the Internet 6 (3), available at http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/838/747, date accessed 9 July 2013.
Dahlberg, L. (2004a) ‘Net-Public Sphere Research: Beyond the “First Phase”’ Javnost — The Public, 11 (1), 5–22.
Dahlberg, L. (2004b) ‘The Habermasian Public Sphere: A Specification of the Idealized Conditions of Democratic Communication’, Studies in Social and Political Thought, 10, 2–18.
Dahlgren, P. (2005) ‘The Internet, Public Spheres, and Political Communication: Dispersion and Deliberation’, Political Communication, 22 (2), 147–162.
Davis, R. (2005) Politics Online: Blogs, Chatrooms and Discussion Groups in American Democracy (London: Routledge).
Dryzek, J.S. (2000) Deliberative Democracy and Beyond: Liberals, Critics, Contestations (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Dunne, K. (2009) ‘Cross Cutting Discussion: A Form of Online Discussion Discovered within Local Political Online Forums’, Information Polity, 14 (3), 219–232.
Edwards, A.R. (2002) ‘The Moderator as an Emerging Democratic Intermediary: The Role of the Moderator in Internet Discussions About Public Issues’, Information Polity, 7 (1), 3–20.
Fishkin, J. (2009) When the People Speak: Deliberative Democracy and Public Consultation (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Gimmler, A. (2001) ‘Deliberative Democracy, the Public Sphere and the Internet’, Philosophy & Social Criticism, 27 (4), 21–39.
Graham, T. (2008) ‘Needles in a Haystack: A New Approach for Identifying and Assessing Political Talk in Nonpolitical Discussion Forums’, Javnost — The Public, 15 (2), 17–36.
Graham, T. (2009) ‘What’s Wife Swap Got to Do with It? Talking Politics in the Net-Based Public Sphere’. PhD Dissertation (University of Amsterdam: Amsterdam), available at http://dare.uva.nl/record/314852, date accessed 9 July 2013.
Graham, T. (2010) ‘Talking Politics Online Within Spaces of Popular Culture: The Case of the Big Brother Forum’, Javnost — The Public, 17 (4), 25–42.
Graham, T. (2012) ‘Beyond “Political” Communicative Spaces: Talking Politics on the Wife Swap Discussion Forum’, Journal of Information Technology and Politics, 9 (1), 31–45.
Graham, T. and Harju, A. (2011) ‘Reality TV as a Trigger of Everyday Political Talk in the Net-Based Public Sphere’, European Journal of Communication, 26 (1), 18–32.
Graham, T. and Witschge, T. (2003) ‘In Search of Online Deliberation: Towards a New Method for Examining the Quality of Online Discussions’, Communications: The European Journal of Communication Research, 28 (2), 173–204.
Graham, T. and Wright, S. (2014) ‘Discursive Equality and Everyday Talk Online: The Impact of “Super-Participants”’, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19 (3), 625–642.
Habermas, J. (1984) The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. 1, Reason and the Rationalization of Society (Boston, MA: Beacon Press).
Habermas, J. (1987) The Theory of Communicative Action. Vol. 2, Lifeworld and System: A Critique of Functionalist Reason (Boston, MA: Beacon Press).
Habermas, J. (1989) The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society (Cambridge, MA: Polity Press).
Habermas, J. (1990) Moral Consciousness and Communicative Action (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).
Habermas, J. (1996) Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).
Halpern, D. and Gibbs, J. (2013) ’social Media as a Catalyst for Online Deliberation? Exploring the Affordances of Facebook and YouTube for Political Expression’, Computers in Human Behavior, 29 (3), 1159–1168.
Hill, K.A. and Hughes, J.E. (1998) Cyberpolitics: Citizen Activism in the Age of Internet (New York: Rowman & Littlefield).
Himelboim, I., Gleave, E. and Smith, M. (2009) ‘Discussion Catalysts in Online Political Discussions: Content Importers and Conversation Starters’, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 14 (4), 771–789.
Jankowski, N.W. and van Os, R. (2004) ‘Internet-Based Political Discourse’, in P. Shane (ed.), Democracy Online: The Prospects for Political Renewal Through the Internet (New York: Taylor & Francis), pp. 181–194.
Jensen, J.L. (2003) ‘Public Spheres on the Internet: Anarchic or Government Sponsored — A Comparison’, Scandinavian Political Studies, 26 (4), 349–374.
Kies R. (2010) Promises and Limits of Web-Deliberation (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan).
Kim, A.J. (2000) Community Building on the Web (Berkeley, CA: Peachpit Press).
Mansbridge, J. (1999) ‘Everyday Talk in the Deliberative System’, in S. Macedo (ed.), Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 211–239.
Mayring, P. (2000) ‘Qualitative Content Analysis’, Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 1, available at: http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1089, date accessed 9 July 2013.
Oldenburg, R. (1999) Great Good Place: Cafés, Coffee Shops, Bookstores, Bars, Hair Salons and Other Hangouts at the Heart of a Community (New York: Marlow & Company).
Papacharissi, Z. (2002) ‘The Virtual Sphere: The Internet as a Public Sphere’, New Media & Society, 4 (1), 9–27.
Papacharissi, Z. (2004) ‘Democracy Online: Civility, Politeness, and the Democratic Potential of Online Political Discussion Groups’, New Media & Society, 6 (2), 259–283.
Schneider, S.M. (1997) ‘Expanding the Public Sphere Through Computer Mediated Communication: Political Discussion about Abortion in a Usenet Newsgroup’. PhD Dissertation (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts).
Schultz, T. (2000) ‘Mass Media and the Concept of Interactivity: An Exploratory Study of Online Forums and Reader Email’, Media, Culture & Society, 22 (2), 205–221.
Strandberg, K. (2008) ‘Public Deliberation Goes On-Line? An Analysis of Citizens’ Political Discussions on the Internet Prior to the Finnish Parliamentary Elections in 2007’, Javnost — The Public, 15 (1), 71–90.
Stromer-Galley, J. (2003) ‘Diversity of Political Conversation on the Internet: Users’ Perspectives’, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 8 (3), available at: http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol8/issue3/stromergalley.html, date accessed 9 July 2013.
Stromer-Galley, J. (2007) ‘Assessing Deliberative Quality: A Coding Scheme’, Journal of Public Deliberation, 3 (1), 1–35.
Sunstein, C.R. (2002) Republic.com (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
Tsaliki, L. (2002) ‘Online Forums and the Enlargement of Public Space: Research Findings from a European Project’, Javnost — The Public, 9 (2), 95–112.
Wilhelm, A.G. (1999) ‘Virtual Sounding Boards: How Deliberative Is Online Political Discussion?’, in B.N. Hague and B.D. Loader (eds.), Digital Democracy: Discourse and Decision Making in the Information Age (London: Routledge), pp. 154–178.
Winkler, R. (2005) Europeans Have a Say: Online Debates and Consultations in the EU (Vienna: The Austrian Federal Ministry for Education).
Wojcieszak, M.E, Baek, Y.M. and Delli Carpini, M.X. (2009) ‘What Is Really Going On? Structure Underlying Face-to-Face and Online Deliberation’, Information, Communication & Society, 12(7), 1080–1102.
Wojcieszak, M.E. and Mutz, D.C. (2009) ‘Online Groups and Political Discourse: Do Online Discussion Spaces Facilitate Exposure to Political Disagreement?’, Journal of Communication, 59, 40–59.
Wright, S. (2006) ‘Government-Run Online Discussion Forums: Moderation, Censorship and the Shadow of Control’, British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 8 (4), 550–568.
Wright, S. and Street, J. (2007) ‘Democracy, Deliberation and Design: the case of online discussion forums, New Media & Society, 9 (5), 849–869.
Wright, S. (2009) ‘The Role of the Moderator: Problems and Possibilities for Government-Run Online Discussion Forums’, in T. Davies and S.P. Gangadharan (eds.), Online Deliberation: Design, Research, and Practice (Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications), pp. 233–242.
Wright, S. (2012a) ‘Politics as Usual? Revolution, Normalization and a New Agenda for Online Deliberation’, New Media & Society, 14 (2), 244–261.
Wright, S. (2012b) ‘From “Third Place” to “Third Space”: Everyday Political Talk in Non-Political Online Spaces’, Javnost — The Public, 19 (3), 5–20.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2014 Todd Graham and Scott Wright
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Graham, T., Wright, S. (2014). Analysing ‘Super-Participation’ in Online Third Spaces. In: Cantijoch, M., Gibson, R., Ward, S. (eds) Analyzing Social Media Data and Web Networks. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137276773_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137276773_8
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-44680-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-27677-3
eBook Packages: Palgrave Political Science CollectionPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)