Abstract
Heavily sediment-laden flows have been described and classified as hyperconcentrated sediment flows, including mud floods, mudflows, and debris flows. The authors prescribe definitions based on governing physical processes and limited concentrations of cohesive material. Viscous mudflows contain large concentrations of fine cohesive material. Rocky debris flows contain large concentrations of clastic material. Rheological analyses should recognize four types of shear stresses: 1) yield stress; 2) viscous stress; 3) turbulent stress; and 4) dispersive stress. These shear stresses combine into a quadratic rheological model. Dimensionless parameters from the ratio of shear stress terms identify the predominant physical process.
The two-dimensional model FLO-2D has been developed for the simulation of a wide range of hyperconcentrated sediment flows based on the quadratic rheological model. The simulation of the Pine Creek mudflow during the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens is presented as an example of our continuing progress in the physically-based analysis of natural disasters from heavily sediment-laden flows.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bagnold, R.A., 1954. Experiments on a Gravity-free Dispersion of Large Solid Spheres in a Newtonian Fluid under Shear, Proc. Royal Soc. of London, Ser. A, 225, 49–63.
Julien, P.Y. and Y.Q. Lan, 1991. On the Rheology of Hyperconcentrations, J. Hyd. Eng., ASCE, 117(3), 346–353.
Major, J.M. and T.C. Pierson, 1992. Debris Flow Rheology: Experimental Analysis of Fine-grained Slurries, Water Res. Res. 28(3), 841–857.
O'Brien, J.S., and P.Y. Julien, 1985. Physical Properties and Mechanics of Hyperconcentrated Sediment Flows, Proc. ASCE Hyd. Div. Spec. Conf on Delineation of Landslides, Flash Flood and Debris Flow Hazards, Logan Utah, June 1984, 260–279.
O'Brien, J.S., and P.Y. Julien, 1988. Laboratory Analysis of Mudflow Properties, J. Hyd. Eng., ASCE, 114(8), 877–887.
O'Brien, J.S., P.Y. Julien and W.T. Fullerton, 1993. Two-dimensional Water Flood and Mudflow Simulation, J. Hyd. Eng., ASCE, 119(2), 244–261.
Pierson, T.C., 1985. Initiation and Flow Behavior of the 1980 Pine Creek and Muddy River Lahars, Mount St. Helens, Washington, Geol. Soc. of America, Bull. V. 96, 1056–1069.
Takahashi, T., 1978. Mechanical Characteristics of Debris Flow, J. Hyd. Div., ASCE, 104, 1153–1169.
Woo, H.S., P.Y. Julien, and E.V. Richardson, 1988. Suspension of large concentrations of sands, J. Hyd. Eng., ASCE, 114(8), 888–898. *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A04BD009 00006
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer-Verlag
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Julien, P.Y., O'Brien, J.S. (1997). Selected notes on debris flow dynamics. In: Armanini, A., Michiue, M. (eds) Recent Developments on Debris Flows. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, vol 64. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0117766
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0117766
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-62466-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-49729-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive