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Ancient Shipwrecks Discovered in the Waters of Xi Sha Islands

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Shipwreck Archaeology in China Sea

Part of the book series: The Archaeology of Asia-Pacific Navigation ((AAPN,volume 5))

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Abstract

Xi Sha Islands is the main artery seaway from ancient China to Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean. Maritime trade were quite prosperous. Since 20th century, archaeologists have carried out many archaeological investigations and excavations in the waters of Xi Sha Islands, and discovered numbers of ancient shipwrecks and underwater cultural relic sites. The shipwrecks in the Xi Sha waters can be dated from Five Dynasties to late Qing Dynasty. Amongst, the most frequent chronology periods include the late Northern Song Dynasty, Southern Song Dynasty, late Yuan Dynasty, middle Ming Dynasty, late Ming Dynasty and middle and late Qing Dynasty, which reflects the characteristics of Xi Sha trade routes in different periods. Most of the artefacts found from the wreck sites are Chinese ceramics. The majority are products made in kilns of south China. The ancient Chinese export ceramics have unique characteristics in different periods in terms of categories. The shipping destination is Southeast Asia, South Asia, West Asia, east coast of Africa, Europe and even America. The formation of the trade mode is obviously influenced by China’s maritime trade policies, reflecting the changes of the Maritime Silk Road along the Xi Sha Islands, as well as the changes of overseas trade and ports in different periods.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The investigation in 2011 found that it was recorded as Yinyu No. 7 shipwreck site, and the investigation in 2012 checked the location information and found that it was located near Quanfu Island, so it was changed as Quanfu Island No. 1 shipwreck site.

  2. 2.

    In 2011, it was recorded as Yinyu No. 8 Shipwreck Site. In 2012, due to the number adjustment, it was changed to Yinyu No. 7 Shipwreck Site.

  3. 3.

    China Jiade Four Seasons Auction: Recovered Ceramics from Wanli Shipwreck of Ming Dynasty and Desaru Shipwreck of Qing Dynasty, in Jiade Four Seasons, 4th Issue, 2005, December 10, 2005; China Jiade Four Seasons Auction: Precious porcelain from South China Sea, in Jiade Four Seasons, 4th Issue, 2006, December 16, 2006; also can see http://www.mingwrecks.com/Desaru.html.

Abbreviations

CACRS:

China Ancient Ceramics Research Society, 中国古陶瓷研究会

CAECRS:

China Ancient Export Ceramics Research Society, 中国古外销陶瓷研究会

DSAITSCS:

Deep Sea Archaeological Investigation Team in the South China Sea, 南海海域深海考古调查队

GDM:

Guangdong Museum, 广东省博物馆

GDPCRAC:

Guangdong Provincial Cultural Relics Administration Committee, 广东省文物管理委员会

HARCABGP:

Hainan Administrative Region Cultural Affairs Bureau of Guangdong Province, 广东省海南行政区文化局

HNPM:

Hainan Provincial Museum, 海南省博物馆

HNPOCRPA:

Hainan Provincial Office of Cultural Relics Protection and Administration, 海南省文物保护管理办公室

NBMICRA:

Ningbo Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, 宁波市文物考古研究所

NCUCH:

National Center of Underwater Cultural Heritage, 国家水下文化遗产保护中心

PIUAT:

Paracel Islands Underwater Archaeology Team, 西沙群岛水下考古队

UARCCNM:

Underwater Archaeological Research Center of China National Museum, 中国国家博物馆水下考古研究中心

XSCCMC:

Xiangshan County Cultural Management Committee, 象山县文物管理委员会办公室\象山县文物管理委员会\象山县文管会

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  1. National Centre for Archaeology, Beijing, China

    Yuanzhao Meng

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    Jianzhong Song

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Meng, Y. (2022). Ancient Shipwrecks Discovered in the Waters of Xi Sha Islands. In: Song, J. (eds) Shipwreck Archaeology in China Sea. The Archaeology of Asia-Pacific Navigation, vol 5. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8675-7_11

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