Abstract
The chapter points out how the exclusion and persecution of a group of people, namely, Rohingyas, mainly a Muslim ethnic minority from the Northern Rakhine state of Western Myanmar for several decades and their colossal displacement in 2017 has recently attracted the attention of the world at large and come to be known as the ‘Rohingya crisis’. In India, this issue begins to cause concerns from 2012 onwards and the legal complications take a new dimension since the Case filed in the Supreme Court by the Central Government. The study attempts to highlight how the lack of a protection system is destroying the young generation of a community. In their most energetic and productive stage of life, Rohingya teenagers and adolescents are just trying to be alive in some way.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
Arakan is the old name of Rakhine. Old and new names are used simultaneously in this paper.
- 2.
Burma was renamed as Myanmar by the then State Law and Order Restoration Council (SLORC) military government in 1989. Both the names are used interchangeably in this paper.
- 3.
Formerly known as ‘Harakah al-Yaqin’, ARSA or Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army is a Rohingya insurgent group. Myanmar security forces were attacked by ARSA on October 2016 and again on August 2017.
- 4.
See ‘http://wbscps.in/User/aic’ for details of Children’s Homes in West Bengal.
- 5.
In accordance with the “West Bengal Correctional Services Act” the jails/prisons of W.B. are known as Correctional Homes since 1992. In this paper, the terms ‘jail ‘and ‘prison’ are also used along with Correctional Home.
- 6.
Triangulation is a process of mingled data from several sources to study a particular social phenomenon. It is based on the belief that more can be learnt by watching from multiple standpoints than by looking from only a single viewpoint. In the social sciences, the use of triangulation can be traced back to Campbell and Fiskel (1959). Denzin (1970) identified four basic types of triangulation. Data triangulation is the use of multiple sources of data. For the purpose of validation these are used in the same study. There are three types of data triangulation; namely, time, space and person.
- 7.
Methodological triangulation is done by application of two or more techniques of data collection.
- 8.
According to The Juvenile Justice Act, 2000, it is mandatory to have one Juvenile Justice Board (JJB) in each district. It manages matters of juveniles in conflict with law. For more information, see http://wbscps.in/User/jjb
- 9.
Child Welfare Committees exercise powers and carry on the duties bestowed on them in relation to Child in Need of Care and Protection under Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Amendment Act, 2006. See http://wbscps.in/User/cwc_list
- 10.
When a group of people are arrested together, they are assigned with the same Case Number. For this reason sometimes, the members of a family and sometimes members of different families in a particular group bear the same Case Number.
References
AFP. 2012. Bangladeshi Authorities Turn Away Rohingya Refugees, June 13. Retrieved from http://www.dvb.no/news/bangladeshi-authorities-turn-away-rohingya-refugees/22428
Bagchi, S. 2014. Rohingya Influx – A Brewing Crisis. The Hindu, March 17. Retrieved from https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/rohingya-influx-a-brewing-crisis/article5797314.ece
Banerjee, P., A. Basu Ray Chaudhury, and A. Ghosh, eds. 2019. The Grid: The Stateless and the Citizen in the State of Being Stateless: An Account of South Asia, 1–19. Hyderabad: Orient Blackswan Private Limited.
Basu Ray Chaudhury, S. 2005. Burma: Escape to Ordeal. In Internal Displacement in South Asia, ed. P. Banerjee, S. Basu Ray Chaudhury, and S.K. Das, 213–236. New Delhi: Sage.
Basu Ray Chaudhury, S., and R. Samaddar, eds. 2018. The Rohingyas in South Asia: People Without a State, 1–19. New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
Bhattashali, A. 2017. Rohingya Shishuder Ferat Pathabe Na Paschimbanga. BBC News Bangla, September 22. Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/bengali/news-41361786
Bhaumik, S. 2013. The East Bengali Muslims in Assam and Rohingyas of Myanmar: Comparative Perspectives of Migration, Exclusion, Statelessness. Refugee Watch 41: 30–46.
Campbell, D., and D. Fiskel. 1959. Convergent and Discriminant Validation by the Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix. Psychological Bulletin 56 (2): 81–105. Retrieved from https://marces.org/EDMS623/Campbell%20DT%20&%20Fiske%20DW%20(1959)%20Convergent%20and%20discriminant%20validation%20by%20the%20multitrait-multimethod%20matrix.pdf.
Chakraborty, M. 2015. Stateless and Suspect: Rohingyas in Myanmar, Bangladesh and India. Policies and Practices 71: 40–51.
Cheung, S. 2011. Migration Control and the Solutions Impasse in South and Southeast Asia: Implications from the Rohingya Experience. Journal of Refugee Studies 25 (1): 50–70. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrs/fer048.
Denzin, N. 1970. Sociological Methods: A Sourcebook. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers.
Ghosh, D. 2018. Not Just Trump: India Has Separated Bangladeshi Children from Their Parents for Years. Retrieved from https://scroll.in/article/884572/not-just-the-us-india-has-separated-bangladeshi-children-from-their-parents-for-years
Goodman, J. 2014. No Respite for Rohingya in Bangladesh. Aljazeera, January 16. Retrieved from https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2014/01/no-respite-rohingya-bangladesh-201411675944519957.html
Human Rights Watch. 2013. All You Can Do Is Pray, April 22. Retrieved from https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/burma0413_FullForWeb.pdf
———. 2017. Massacre by the River: Burmese Army Crimes Against Humanity in Tula Toli, December 19. Retrieved from https://www.hrw.org/report/2017/12/19/massacre-river/burmese-army-crimes-against-humanity-tula-toli
Kabir, A.A.F. 2015. Manab Pachar, Ganakabar, O Samudra Pather Abhibasi Sramik, June. Retrieved from http://www.askbd.org/ask/2015/06/25/bulletin-june-2015/
Majumder, S. 2015. Rohingyas Languishing Behind the Bar. Policies and Practices 71: 1–24.
———. 2018a. The Jailed Rohingya in West Bengal. In The Rohingyas in South Asia: People without a State, ed. S. Basu Ray Chaudhury and R. Samaddar, 91–108. New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
———. 2018b. Unprotected and Uncared: What Is Next for Rohingya Children? Quest Multidisciplinary Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 3 (3): 1–24. Retrieved from http://www.sncwgs.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Unprotected-and-Uncared-What-is-next-for-Rohingya-Children.pdf.
———. 2019. Unfortunate and Unsafe: The Unending Hardship of Rohingya Muslims. Janak: A Journal of Humanities 5 (1): 39–50.
Mitra, A. 2014. Rajje Rohingya Kayedir Bahar Dekhe Chintai Kendriyo Swarastra Mantrak. The Anandabazar Patrika, March 10. Retrieved from https://www.anandabazar.com/state/%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%9C-%E0%A6%AF-%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B9-%E0%A6%99-%E0%A6%97-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%96-%E0%A6%9A-%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%A6-%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A7%9F-%E0%A6%B8-%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B7-%E0%A6%9F-%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95-1.9264
PTI. 2017a. Rohingya Issue of Great Magnitude, State Has Big Role: Supreme Court. The Economic Times, October 13. Retrieved from https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/detailed-hearing-on-rohingya-issue-from-nov-21-supreme-court/articleshow/61068209.cms
———. 2017b. BSF Increases Vigil at Spots ‘Vulnerable’ to Rohingya Influx. The Indian Express, October 5. Retrieved from https://indianexpress.com/article/india/bsf-increases-vigil-at-spots-vulnerable-to-rohingya-influx-4875488/
Rabbi, A.R. 2018. Rohingya Children Used as Yaba Mules. Dhaka Tribune, May 28. Retrieved from https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/crime/2018/05/28/rohingya-children-used-as-yaba-mules
Rahman, K.M.A. 2015. Ethno-Political Conflict: The Rohingya Vulnerability in Myanmar. International Journal of Humanities & Social Science Studies (IJHSSS) II (I): 288–295. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320417344_Ethno-Political_Conflict_The_Rohingya_Vulnerability_in_Myanmar.
Roy, E. 2017. Inhuman to Deport Kids: Child Rights Body to Supreme Court. The Indian Express, October 13. Retrieved from https://indianexpress.com/article/india/west-bengal-inhuman-to-deport-kids-child-rights-body-to-supreme-court-4888052/
Sengupta, S. 2015a. Maritime Ping-Pong: The Rohingyas at Sea. In Rohingyas: The Emergence of a Stateless Community, ed. S. Basu Ray Chaudhury and R. Samaddar, 15–29. Kolkata: Mahanirban Calcutta Research Group. Retrieved from http://www.mcrg.ac.in/Rohingyas/Report_Final.pdf.
———. 2015b. On the Edge: Women-Life and Confinement. Policies and Practices 68: 17–36.
Tackling Influx Major Challenge: MHA. 2012. The Assam Tribune, April 24. Retrieved from http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/detailsnew.asp?id=apr2412/at05
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Majumder, S. (2022). Being with Difficulty and Uncertainty: Young Rohingyas in Children’s Homes of West Bengal. In: Chowdhory, N., Banerjee, P. (eds) Gender, Identity and Migration in India. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5598-2_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5598-2_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-5597-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-5598-2
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)