Mobile Sink-Based Data Aggregation Protocol Using Genetic Algorithm Employing Binary String (MSDAP-GABS) for Extended Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Out of various challenges encountered in wireless sensor networks, data aggregation by the sink is an important issue of consideration. Generally, in static sink-based networks (SWSN), the sink node is fixed at a particular position. Further, all the sensors send their sensed data through multi-hop forwarding. However, the loophole of such network is that the nearest neighboring node to the sink expend its energy comparatively faster than rest of the nodes. Thus, if the nearest node to the sink fails, the entire network becomes disconnected. To overcome such situation sometimes, a mobile sink is deployed to collect the sensed data. In this article, we have devised a mobile-sink-based data aggregation protocol using genetic algorithm that employs binary string for overcoming the drawback of nearest node failure so as to preserve the connectivity in the entire network. In this proposal, among the sensors some of the sensors are chosen as the cluster heads those are liable to gather the sensed data from own neighbors. Moreover, the deployed mobile sink node moves through the cluster heads so as to collect the overall sensed data. The cluster heads are so chosen that each of the sensor node has at least one neighboring cluster head as well as the length of the cycle formed by the cluster heads is minimized. Results obtained from extensive experimental evaluation and comparative performance analysis justify the superiority of our proffered approach.