Abstract
This paper considered a mathematical model that consists of two-area microgrid based on renewable energy resources for the study of automatic generation control. The microgrid consists of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV); Hydro, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS); Load, and one has Bio Gas Turbine Generator (BGTG) and other have Biodiesel Engine Generator (BDEG). Proportional-Integral (PI) controller is used as the frequency controller for this system. The BDEG, BGTG, and BESS have been considered for instant Load Frequency Control (LFC) sources during a disturbance in the system frequency. Cuckoo Search (CS) and Firefly (FA) algorithms are used for tuning the gain values of the controllers. Finally, for the validity of the proposed approach, the system performance obtained by the firefly algorithm for PI controller with random step load perturbation is compared with the CS algorithm
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Appendix
Appendix
Symbol and abbreviation | Values |
|---|---|
\( K_{\text{PV}} \), \( T_{\text{PV}} \) (solar photovoltaic gains constants and time constant) | 1, 1.5 |
\( K_{\text{ESS}} \), \( T_{\text{ESS}} \) (energy storage system gains constant and time constant) | −10, 0.1 |
\( K_{\text{VA}} \), \( T_{\text{VA}} \), \( K_{\text{BE}} \), \( T_{\text{BE}} \) (biodiesel engine generator gain constant and time constant) | 1, 0.05, 1, 0.5 |
\( X_{C} \), \( Y_{C} \), \( b_{B} \), \( T_{\text{CR}} \), \( T_{\text{BG}} \), \( T_{\text{BT}} \) (biogas turbine generator gain constant and time constant) | 0.6, 1, 0.05, 0.01, 0.23, 0.2 |
\( K_{\text{HG}} \), \( T_{\text{HG}} \), \( K_{\text{HT}} \), \( T_{\text{HT}} \) (hydro turbine, governor gain constant and time constant) | 1, 41.6, 1, 0.5 |
D1, D2, M1, M2, Ps (power system gain constant and tie-line gain constant) | 0.02, 0.03, 0.8, 0.7, 1.5 |
B1,1/R1, B12, B22, 1/R2, B2, 1/R22, 1/R12 (system droop gain constant and bias gain constant) | 0.1866, 0.1666, 0.4366, 0.1966, 0.4466, 12.5, 25, 0.4168 |
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Singh, K.M., Gope, S., Pradhan, N. (2021). Firefly Algorithm-Based Optimized Controller for Frequency Control of an Autonomous Multi-Microgrid. In: Gupta, D., Khanna, A., Bhattacharyya, S., Hassanien, A.E., Anand, S., Jaiswal, A. (eds) International Conference on Innovative Computing and Communications. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1166. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5148-2_39
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5148-2_39
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