Abstract
The glycerolipid headgroups serve as the hydrophilic plane of the membrane bilayer and on the one hand provide the interface between the membrane and its milieu while on the other hand, between the internal cytosol and the membrane. In the previous chapter we pointed out that the “backbone” of glycerolipids is the alcohol — glycerol. In the various phospholipids the third serial number carbon atom (sn — 3) undergoes esterification with a phosphate (PO4) group to initially form phosphatidic acid. The latter is considered the parent compound from which other species of phospholipids may be derived. The sn — 3 carbon atom may also bind with either a carbohydrate group (primarily galactose or glucose) or with a sulphur containing constituent in which case respectively galactolipids or sulpholipids are formed. In sphingolipids the basic alcohol is not glycerol but rather sphingosine and the anchoring function joining the headgroup to the two non-polar tails is fulfilled by the serine-derived section forming the initial two carbon atoms of this long chained alcohol.
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Leshem, Y.Y. (1992). Membrane glycerolipid and sphingolipid headgroups. In: Plant Membranes. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2683-2_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2683-2_3
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