Skip to main content

Abstract

Hastein (1880) was probably the first to use the term protoplast, from the greek proto (πρώτο = first) and plastos (πλαστός = created), for plant cells lacking cell walls and to isolate protoplasts from cells of Vacuheria. In 1892, Klercker was the first to isolate protoplasts following plasmolysis of leaf tissue cells of Stratiotes aloides. Large scale isolation of protoplasts was started in the 60’s, when cell wall hydrolytic enzymes were employed (Cocking, 1961).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alscher, R.G., Donahue, J., and C.L. Cramer (1997) Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant: relationships in green cells. Physiol. Plant. 100: 224–233.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asada, K. (1992) Production and scavenging of active oxygen in chloroplasts. In: Molecular Biology of Free Radical Scavenging Systems, Scandalios, J.G. (Ed.). Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York, pp. 173–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Asada, K. (1994) Production and action of oxygen species in photosynthetic tissues. In: Causes of Photo-Oxidative Stress and Amelioration of Defence Systems in Plants, Foyer, C. H. and P. M. Mullineaux (Eds). CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 77–104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Askerlund, P., Larson, C., Widell, S., and I. Moller (1987) NAD(P)H oxidase and peroxidase activities in purifiEd plasma membranes from cauliflower inflorescences. Physiol. Plant. 71: 9–19:

    Google Scholar 

  • Alscher, R.G. (1989) Biosynthesis and antioxidant function of glutathione in plants. Physiol. Plant. 77: 457464.

    Google Scholar 

  • Auh, C.K. and T.M. Murphy (1995) Plasma membrane redox enzyme is involved in the synthesis of 02- and H202 by Phytophthora elicitor-stimulated rose cells. Plant Physiol. 107: 1241–1247.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey, B.A., Korcak, R.F., and J.D. Anderson (1992) Alterations in Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Xanthi cell membrane function following treatment with an ethylene biosynthesis-inducing endoxylanase. Plant Physiol. 100: 749–755.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baker, C.J. and J.D. Orlandi (1995) Active oxygen in plant pathogenesis. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 33: 299321.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barbier, M. and R. Bessis (1988) Effets de differents facteurs contributant a l’amelioration de l’isolement de protoplastes a partir de feuilles de vignes (Vitis vinifera L.). Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. Lettres Bot. 135: 251–261.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barbier, M. and R. Bessis (1990) Isolation and culture of grapevine cultivar Chardonnay leaf protoplasts. Euphytica 47: 39–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bcnbadis, A. and F. Baumann (1973) Etude comparative de protoplastes obtenus par traitement enzymatique a partir de divers tissus: etude ultrastructurale et culture in vitro. In: Protoplatsts et Fusion de Cellules Somatiques Vegetales, Tempe J. (Ed.). Coll. Int. CNRS. Paris, 212: 189–195.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson, E.E. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1992) Fluorescent lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant enzymes in tissue cultures of Vitis vinifera L. Plant Sci. 84: 83–90.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benson, E.E. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1994) Oxidative stress in recalcitrant tissue cultures of grapevine. Free Rad. Biol. Medic. 16: 355–362.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bestwick, C.S., Brown, 1.R., Bennett, M.H.R., and J.W. Mansfield (1997) Localization of hydrogen peroxide accumulation during the hypersensitive response of lettuce cells to Pseudomonas Syringae pv phaseolicola. Plant Cell 9: 209–221.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Binding, H. and R. Nehis (1977) Regeneration of isolated protoplasts to plants in Solanum dulcamara L. Z. Pflanzephysiol. 85: 279–284.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolwell, G.P., Butt, V.S., Davies, D.K., and A. Zimmerlin (1995) The origin of the oxidative burst in plants. Free Rad. Res. 23: 517–532.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bouchereau, A., Aziz, A., Larher, F., and J. Martin-Tanguy (1999) Polyamines and environmental challenges: recent development. Plant Science 140: 103–125.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowler, C., van Montagu, M., and D. Inzé (1992) Superoxide dismutase and stress tolerance. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 43: 83–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brenneman, F. and A.W. Galston (1975) Experiments on the cultivation of agriculturally important plants. I. Oat (Avena Sativa L.). Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen. 168: 453–471.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brezeanu, A. and A. Rosu (1984) Isolation and culture of cell protoplasts from mesophyll callus of Vitis vinifera L. Rev. Roum. Biol. Biol.Veg. 29: 33–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buck, S. (2000) Untersuchungen zur Expression von Stilbensynthasen in Vitis spp. Ph.D. Dissertation, Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Obst-, Gemüse-und Weinbau, pp. 128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butenko, R., Kuchko, A., and I. Komamitsky (1982) Some features of somatic hybrids between Solanum tuberosum and S. chacoense and its F1 sexual progeny. Maruzen, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  • Calderon, A.A., Zapata, J.M., and A.R. Barcelo (1994) Peroxidase-mediated formation of resveratrol oxidation products during the hypersensitive-like reaction of grapevine cells to an elicitor from Trichoderma viride. Physiol. Mol. Plant Path. 44: 289–299.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chatfield M. and D.A. Dalton (1993) Ascorbate peroxidase from soybean root nodules. Plant Physiol. 103: 661–662.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christakis-Hampsas, M. (1995) Polyamines and Morphogenic Expression of Explants and Protoplasts of Vitis vinìfera L. (Sultanina) and Nicotiana tabacum L. (Xanthi). Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, pp. 128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cocking, E.C. (1961) Properties of isolated protoplasts. Nature 191: 780–782.

    Google Scholar 

  • Corbisier, P., Houb ion, A., and A. Remade (1987) A new technique for highly sensitive detection of superoxide dismutase activity by chemiluminescence. Anal. Biochem. 164: 240–247.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cross, A.R. and O.T.G. Jones (1991) enzymatic mechanisms of superoxide production. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1057: 281–298.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Marco A. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1996a) The complexity of enzymatic control of hydrogen peroxide concentration may affect the regeneration potential of plant protoplasts. Plant Physiol. 110: 137145.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Marco, A. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1996b) Hydrogen peroxide plays a bivalent role in the regeneration of protoplasts. J. Plant Physiol. 149: 109–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Marco, A. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1999) Specific features of the ascorbate/glutathione cycle in cultured protoplasts. Plant Cell Rpts 18: 406–411.

    Google Scholar 

  • DeFilippis, L.F. and H. Ziegler (1985) The physiology of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) protoplasts isolated from green and senescing leaves. Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen 180: 645–653.

    Google Scholar 

  • Desikan, R., Hancock, J.T., Coffey, M.J., and S.J. Neill (1996) Generation of active oxygen in elicited cells of Arabidopsis thaliana is mediated by a NADPH-oxidase-like enzyme. FEBS Lett. 382: 213–217.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deswarte, C., Rouquier, P., Roustan, J.P., Dargent, R., and J. Fallot (1994) Ultrastructural changes produced in plantlet leaves and protoplasts of Vitis vinìfera cv Cabernet Sauvignon by eutypine, a toxin from Eutypa lata. Vitis 33: 185–188.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doke, N. and Y. Miura (1995) In vitro activation of NADPH-dependent superoxide generating system in a plasma membrane-rich fraction of potato tuber tissues by treatment with an elicitor from Phytophtora infestans or with digitonin. Physiol. Mol. Plant Path. 46: 17–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elstner, E.F. and A. Heupel (1978) Formation of H2O2 by isolated cell-walls from horseradish (Armoracia lapathifolia). Planta 130: 175–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, P.T. and R.L. Malberg (1989) Do polyamines have roles in plant development? Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 40: 235–269.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foyer, C.H., Descourvieres, P., and K.J. Kunert (1994) Protection against oxygen radicals: an important defence mechanism studied in transgenic plants. Plant Cell Envir. 17: 507–523.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Foyer, C.1-l. and B. Halliwell (1976) The presence of glutathione and glutathione reductase in chloroplasts: a proposed role in ascorbic acid metabolism. Planta 133: 21–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Galzy, R. (1969) Remarques sur la croissance de Vitis rupestris cultive in vitro sur differents milieux nutritifs. Vitis 8: 191–205.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gamborg, O.L. and D. Eveleigh (1968) Culture methods and detection of glucanases in suspension cultures of wheat and barley. Canad. J. Biochem. 46: 417–421.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaspar, T., Pend, C., Hagege, D., and H. Greppin (1989) Peroxidase in plant growth, differentiation and developmental processes. In: Biochemical, Molecular and Physiological Aspects of Plant Peroxidases, Lobarzewski, J., H. Greppin, C. Penel, and T. Gaspar (Eds). University M. Curie-Sklodowska, Lublin, Poland, University of Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 249–280.

    Google Scholar 

  • Groom, Q.J., Torres, M.A., Fordham-Skelton, A.P., Hammond-Kosack, K.E., Robinson, N.J., and J.D.G. Jones (1996) rbohA,a rice homologue to mammalian gp9lphox respiratory burst oxidase gene. Plant J. 10: 515522.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gross, G.G., Janse, C., and E.F. Elstner (1977) Involvement of malate, monophenols and the superoxide radical in hydrogen peroxide formation by isolated cell wall from horseradish (Armoracia lepathifolia Gilib). Planta 136: 271–276.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hahne, G. and F. Hoffmann (1984) Dimethyl sulfoxide can initiate cell divisions of arrested callus protoplasts by promoting cortical microtubule assembly. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81: 5449–5453.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halliwell, B. (1978) Lignin synthesis: the generation of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide by horseradish peroxidase and its stimulation by manganese ( II) and phenols. Planta 40: 81–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanstein, J. (1880) Biologie dos protoplasmas. Bot. Abh. 4: 1–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasler, M., Ruffner, H.P., and D.M. Rast (1982) High-yield isolation of grape leaf protoplasts as an instrument in physiological research. Experimentia 38: 564–565.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heikkila, R.E., Cabbat, F.S., and G. Cohen (1976) In vivo inhibition of superoxide dismutase in mice by diethyldithiocarbamate. J. Biol. Chem. 251: 2182–2185.

    Google Scholar 

  • Iizuka, T., Kanegasaki, S., Makino, R., Tanaka, T., and Y. Ishimura (1985) Pyridine and imidazole reversibly inhibit the respiratory burst in porcine and human neutrophils: evidence for the involvement of cytochrome b558 in the reaction. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 130: 621–626.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ishii, S. (1987) Generation of active oxygen species during enzymatic isolation of protoplasts from oat leaves. In vitro Cell Dev. Biol. 23: 653–658.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ishii, S. (1988) Factors influencing protoplast viability of suspension-cultured rice cells during isolation process. Plant Physiol. 88: 26–29.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jabs, T., Tschope, M., Coiling, C., Hahlbrock, K., and D. Scheel (1997) Elicitor-stimulated ion fluxes and superoxide from the oxidative burst are essential components in triggering defence gene activation and phytoalexin synthesis in parsley. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 800–4805.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jardak, R. (1999) Utilisation des protoplastes pour la transformation génétique de la vigne (Otis vinifera L.). Diplome d’Etudes Approfondies, Université de Tunis, Departement des Sciences Biologique.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jardak, R., Mliki, A., Ghorbel, A., and G.M. Reustle (2000) Use of protoplasts for genetic transformation of grapevine. International Symposium on Grapevine Physiology and Biotechnology. Heraklion, Greece, p. 95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karpinski, S., Escobar, C., Karpinska, B., Creissen, G., and P. Mullineaux (1997) Photosynthetic electron transport regulates the expression of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase genes in Arabidopsis during excess light stress. Plant Cell 9: 627–640.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Katsirdakis, K.C. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1991) Callogenic potentiality of leaf segments and shoot proliferation response of Vitis spp. genotypes. J. Wine Res. 2: 83–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katsirdakis, K.C. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1992a) A modified culture medium and culture conditions increase viability and cell wall synthesis in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv Sultanina) leaf protoplasts. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 28: 255–260.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katsirdakis, K.C. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1992b) Ultrastructural and biochemical aspects of cell wall regeneration in recalcitrant and regenerating leaf protoplasts. In vitro Cell Dev.Race-specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvum promote translocation of cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase to the plasma membrane of tomato cells. Plant Cell 9 Biol. 28: 90–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller, T., Damude, H.G., Werner, D., Doemer, P., Dixon, R., and C. Lamb (1998) A plant homologue of the neutrophil NADPH oxidase gp9lphox subunit gene encodes a plasma membrane protein with Cat* binding motifs. Plant Cell 10: 225–236.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kieffer, F., Simon-Plus, F., Maume, B., and J.-P. Blein (1997) Tobacco cells contain a protein immunologically related to the neutrophil small G protein Rac2 and involved in elicitor-induced oxidative burst. FEBS Lett. 403: 149–153.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klercker, 1. (1892) Eine methode zur isolierung lebender protoplasten. Ofvers vet-Akad Forhdl. 9: 463–474.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kramer, G.F., Norman, H.A., Krizek, D.T., and R.M. Mirecki (1991) Influence of UV-B radiation on polyamines, Race-specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvum promote translocation of cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase to the plasma membrane of tomato cells. Plant Cell 9 lipid peroxidation and membrane lipids in cucumber. Phytochemistry 30: 2101–2108.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krul, W.R. (1988) Recent advances in protoplast culture of horticultural crops: small fruits. Scientia Hort. 37: 231–245.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar, G.N.M. and N.R. Knowles (1993) Changes in lipid peroxidation and lipolytic and free-radical scavenging enzyme activities during aging and sprouting of potato (Solanum tuberosum) seed-tubers. Race-specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvum promote translocation of cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase to the plasma membrane of tomato cells. Plant Cell 9 Plant Physiol. 102: 115–124.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamb, C. and R. Dixon (1997) The oxidative burst in plant disease resistance. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 48: 251–275.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langebartels, C., K.J. Kernel, S. Leonardi, M. Schraudner, M. Trost, W. Heller, and H. Sandermann (1991) Biochemical plant response to ozone. I. Differential induction of polyamine and ethylene biosynthesis in tobacco. Plant Physiol. 91: 882–887.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson, R.A. (1988) The antioxidants of higher plants. Race-specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvum promote translocation of cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase to the plasma membrane of tomato cells. Plant Cell 9 Phytochemistry 27: 969–978.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Law, M.Y., Charles, S.A., and B. Halliwell (1983) Glutathione and ascorbic acid in spinach (Spinacea oleracea) chloroplasts. Biochem. J. 210: 899–903.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, N. and H.Y. Wetzstein (1988) Protoplasts isolation and callus production from leaves of tissue-cultured Vitis spp. Plant Cell Rep. 7: 531–534.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levine, A., Tenhaken, R., Dixon, R., and C. Lamb (1994) H2O2 from the oxidative burst orchestrates the plant hypersensitive disease resistance response. Cell 79: 583–593.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Low, P.S. and J.R. Merida (1996) The oxidative burst in plant defence: function and signal transduction. Physiol. Plant. 96: 533–542.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martin-Tanguy, J. (1997) Conjugated polyamines and reproductive development: biochemical, molecular and physiological approaches. Physiol. Plant. 100: 675–688.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matt, A. (1999) Somatische Hybridisierung, Induktion somaklonalcr Variationen und in vitro Selektion bei Vitis Protoplasten. Ph.D. Dissertation, Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Obst-, Gemüse-und Weinbau, pp. 137.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matt, A., Reustle, G.M., and R. Blaich (2000) Somatic hybridization of grapevine protoplasts. Acta Hortic. 538: 411–414.

    Google Scholar 

  • May, J., Vernoux, T., Leaver, C., van Montagu, M., and D. Inzé (1998) Glutathione homeostasis in plants: implications for environmental sensing and plant development. J. Exp. Bot. 49: 649–667.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDougall, G.J. (1991) Cell-wall-associated peroxidases and lignification during growth of flax fibres. J. Plant Physiol. 139: 182–186.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mii, M., Zou, Y.M., Sugiyama, T., Yanagihara, S., and M. lizuka (1991) High-frequency callus formation from protoplasts of Vitis labruscana Bailey and Vitis thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc. by embedding in gellan gum. Scientia Hort. 46: 253–260.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, T.M. and C.M. Auh (1996) The superoxide synthases of plasma membrane preparations from cultured rose cells. Plant Physiol. 110: 621–629.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, T.M. and A.J. Iluerta (1990) Hydrogen peroxide formation in cultured rose cells in response to UV-C radiation. Physiol. Plant. 78: 247–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagata, T. and 1. Takebe (1971) Plating of isolated tobacco mesophyll protoplasts on agar medium. Planta 99: 12–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nishimura, M., Hara-Nishimura, I., and S.P. Robinson (1984) Isolation of metabolically competent protoplasts from grapevine leaves. Plant Sci. Lett. 37: 171–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nitsch, J.P. and C. Nitsch (1969) Haploid plants from pollen grains. Science 163: 85–87.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Noctor, G., Arisi, A.C.M., Jouanin, L., Kunert, K.J., Rennenberg, H., and C.H. Foyer (1998b) Glutathione: biosynthesis, metabolism and relationship to stress tolerance explored in transformed plants. J. Exp. Bot. 49: 623–647.

    Google Scholar 

  • Noctor, G. and C.H. Foyer (1998a) Ascorbate and glutathione: keeping active oxygen under control. Annu. Rev. Plant Phys. Plant Mol. Biol. 49: 249–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Papadakis, A.K. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1999) The generation of active oxygen species differs in Nicotiana and Vitis plant protoplasts. Plant Physiol. 121: 197–245.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Papadakis A.K., Siminis, C.I., and K.A. Roubelakis - Angelakis (2001) Reduces activity of antioxidant machinery is correlated with suppression of totipotency in plant protoplasts. Plant Physiol. (accepted).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfosser, M., Konigshofer, H., and R. Kandeler (1990) Free, conjugated, and bound polyamines during the cell cycle of synchronized cell suspension cultures of Nicotiana tabacum. J. Plant Physiol. 136: 574–579.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qian, Y.C., Nguyen, T., and T.M. Murphy (1993) Effects of washing on the plasma membrane and on stress reactions of cultured rose cells. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 35: 245–252.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reustle, G. (1999) Entwicklung eines Regeneration systems für Protoplasten der Reben (Vitis sp.) und Charakterisierung des Regenerate. Habilitalionsschrift, Universität Hohenheim, p. 120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reustle, G. and G. Alleweldt (1990) Isolation and culture of grapevine protoplasts. Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Grape Breeding, St. Martin, Germany. Vitis special issue: 423–430.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reustle, G. and I. Natter (1994) Effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone and activated charcoal on formation of microcallus from grapevine protoplasts (Vitis spp). Vitis 33: 117–122.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reustle, G., Hurst, M., and G. Alleweldt (1995) Plant regeneration of grapevine (Vitis sp.) protoplasts isolated from embryogenic tissue. Plant Cell Rep. 15: 238–241.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reustle, G. and A. Matt (2000) First steps to use grapevine protoplasts for breeding purposes. Acta Hortic. 538: 341–346.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roubelakis-Angelakis K.A. and S. Zivanovitc (1991) A new culture medium for in vitro rhizogenesis of grapevine (Fitis spp) genotypes. HortScience 26: 1552–1555.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roubelakis-Angelakis, K.A. (1993) An assessment of possible factors contributing to recalcitrance of plant protoplasts. In: Morphogcnesis in Plants: Molecular Approaches, Roubelakis-Angelakis, K. A. and K. Tran Thanh Van (Eds). Plenum, New York, pp. 201–220.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scandalios, J.G. (1993) Oxygen stress and superoxide dismutases. Plant Physiol. 101: 7–12.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharon, A., Fuchs, Y., and J.D. Anderson (1993) The elicitation of ethylene biosynthesis by a Trichoderma xylanase is not related to the cell wall degradation activity of the enzyme. Plant Physiol. 102: 1325–1329.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, J.I. (1985) Cell regeneration and division of grape mesophyll protoplasts. J. Plant Physiol. 119: 405–418.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siminis, C.I., Kanellis, A.K., and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1993) Differences in protein synthesis and peroxidase isoenzymes between recalcitrant and regenerating protoplasts. Physiol. Plant. 87: 263–270.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siminis, C.1., Kanellis, A.K., and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1994) Catalase is differentially expressed in dividing and non dividing protoplasts. Plant Physiol. 105: 1375–1383.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, S., Reustle, G., and E. Zyprian (1996) Detection of somaclonal variation in grapevine regenerants from protoplasts by RAPD-PCR. Vitis 35: 99–100.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schuchmann, R. (1985) In vitro Selektion auf Fusarium-Resistenz bei der Kartoffel. Ph.D. Dissertation, Technische Universität München, Fakultät fur Landwirtschaft und Gartenbau, München.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skene, K.G.M. (1974) Culture of protoplasts from grapevine pericarp callus. Aust. J. Plant Physiol 1: 371–376.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skene, K.G.M. (1975) Production of callus from protoplasts of cultured grape pericarp. Vitis 14: 177–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sutherland, M.W. (1991) The generation of oxygen radicals during host plant responses to infection. Physiol. Mol. Plant Path. 9: 79–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Szigeti, Z., Racz, I., Darko, Lasztity E.D., and E. Lehoczki (1996) Are either SOD and catalase or the polyamines involved in the paraquat resistance of Conyza canadensis. Env. Sci. Health 31: 599–604.

    Google Scholar 

  • Takebe, I., Labib, G., and G. Melchers (1971) Regeneration of whole plants from isolated mesophyll protoplasts of tobacco. Naturwissenshaften 58: 318–320.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tepperman, J.M. and P. Dunsmuir (1990) Transformed plants with elevated levels of chloroplastic SOD are not more resistant to superoxide toxicity. Plant Mol. Biol. 14: 501–511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tey-Rulh, P. Philippe, I., Renaud, J.M., Tsoupras, G., DeAngelis, P., Fallot, J., and R. Tabacchi (1991) Eutypine, a phytotoxin produced by Eutypa lata the causal agent of dying-arm disease of grapevine. Phytochemistry 30: 471–473.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Theodoropoulos, P.A. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1989) Mechanism of arginine transport in Vitis vinifera L. protoplasts. J. Exp. Bot. 40: 1223–1230.

    Google Scholar 

  • Theodoropoulos, P.A. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1990) Progress in leaf protoplast isolation and culture from virus-free axenic shoot cultures of Fins vinifera L. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 20: 15–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Theodoropoulos, P.A. and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis (1991) Glucose transport in Vitis vinifera L. protoplasts. J. Exp. Bot. 42: 477–483.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiburcio, A.F., Campos, J.L., Figueras, X., and R.T. Besford (1993) Recent advances in the understanding of polyamine functions during plant development. Plant Growth Reg. 12: 331–340.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tiburcio, A.F., Masdeu, M.A., Dumortier, F.M., and A.W. Galston (1986) Polyamine metabolism and osmotic stress. 1. Relation to protoplast viability. Plant Physiol. 82: 369–374.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ui, S., M. Suzuki, Kubota, S., Masuda, H., Muraki, H., Yamakawa, Y., and T. Sato (1990) Cooperative effect of activated charcoal and gellun gum on grape protoplast culture. Agric. Biol. Chem. 54: 207–209.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valat, L., Toutain, S., Courtois, N., Gaire, F., Decout, E., Pinck, L., Mauro, M-C., and M. Burrus (2000) GFLV replication in electroporated grapevine protoplasts. Plant Sci. 155: 203–212.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vannel, D., Barbier, M., and R. Bessis (1991) Étude de la toxicité du filtrat de culture de Botrytis cinerea sur des vitroplants de vignes: I.Effet du filtrat brut. Vitis 30: 167–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Gestelen, P., Asard, H., and R.J. Caubergs (1997) Solubilization and separation of a plant plasma membrane NADPH- superoxide synthase from other NAD(P)H oxidoreductases. Plant Physiol. 115: 543–550.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vera-Estrella, R., Blumwald, E., and V.J. Higgins (1992) Effect of specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvum on tomato suspension cells. Plant Physiol. 99: 1208–1215.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wingate, V.P.M., Lawton, M.A., and C.J. Lamb (1988) Glutathione causes a massive and selective induction of plant defence genes. Plant Physiol. 31: 205–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wingsle, G. and S. Karpinski (1996) Differential redox regulation by glutathione of glutathione reductase and CuZn-superoxide dismutase gene expression in Pinus sylvestres L. needles. Planta 198: 151–157.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wojtaszek, P. (1997) Oxidative burst: Race-specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvum promote translocation of cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase to the plasma membrane of tomato cells. Plant Cell 9 an early plant response to pathogen infection. Biochem. J. 322: 681–692.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, D.C. (1985) Factors affecting isolation of protoplasts from leaves of grape (Vitis vinifera). Plant Cell Tess. Org. Cult. 4: 95–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xing, H., Higgins, V.J., and E. Blumwald (1997) Race-specific elicitors of Cladosporium fulvum promote translocation of cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase to the plasma membrane of tomato cells. Plant Cell 9: 249–259.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yahraus, T., Chandra, S., Legendre, L., and P.S. Low (1995) Evidence for a mechanically induced oxidative burst. Plant Physiol. 109: 1259–1266.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamakawa, T., Onomichi, K., Kodama, T., and Y. Minoda (1985) Application of feeder layer method for improved colony formation of grape cells and protoplasts at low cell density. Agric. Biol. Chem. 49: 3583–3585.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, Y.M., Hoshino, Y., Nakano, M., Takahashi, E., and M. Mii (1997) Highly efficient system of plant regeneration from protoplasts of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) through somatic embryogenesis by using embryogenic callus cultures and activated charcoal. Plant Sci. 123: 151–157.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Papadakis, A., Reustle, G., Roubelakis-Angelakis, K.A. (2001). Protoplast Technology in Grapevine. In: Roubelakis-Angelakis, K.A. (eds) Molecular Biology & Biotechnology of the Grapevine. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2308-4_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2308-4_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-017-2310-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-2308-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics