Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Diet, feeding and digestive physiology

  • Chapter
Tilapias: Biology and Exploitation

Part of the book series: Fish and Fisheries Series ((FIFI,volume 25))

Abstract

This chapter considers feeding mechanisms, diet and trophic efficiencies in tilapias. It is intended to complement Chapter 5, which examines the role of tilapias in ecosystems, and Chapter 9, which is concerned with nutritional requirements and feeds.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aerts, P.F., De Vree, F. and Vandewalle, P. (1986) Movement analysis of the pharyngeal jaw apparatus in Oreochromis niloticus. Ann. Mus. Roy. Afr. Centr. Sc. Zool. 251, 157–160.

    Google Scholar 

  • Akintunde, E.A. (1982) Feeding rhythm in relation to changing pattern of pH in the gut of Sarotherodon galilaeus (Artedi) of Lake Kainji, Nigeria. Hydmbiologia 97, 179–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arthrington, A.H. and Bluhdorn, D.R. (1994) Distribution, genetics, ecology and status of the introduced cichlid Oreochromis mossambicus in Australia. Mitt Internat. Verein. Limnol. 24, 53–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Balarin, J.D. and Hatton, J.P. (1979) Tilapia. A Guide to Their Biology and Culture in Africa, Unit of Aquatic Pathobiology, University of Stirling.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bassay, B.M., Makumyaviri, A.M. and Otikeke, L.S. (1997) Diet evolution in Tilapia rendalli kept in heterogesous breeding system in Lubumbashi, Congo. Rev. Méd. Vét. 148, 805–807.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beveridge, M.C.M., Briggs, M.R.P., Northcott, M.E. and Ross, L.G. (1988a) The occurrence, structure and development of microbranchiospines among the tilapias. Can. J. Zool. 66, 2564–2572.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beveridge, M.C.M., Briggs, M.R.P., Mowat, A., Northcott, M.E. and Ross, L.G. (1988b) The function of microbranchiospines in tilapias, in Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Tilapias in Aquaculture (1CLARM Con/. Proc, Vol. 15) (eds R.S.V. Pullin, T. Bhukaswan, K. Tonguthai and J.L Maclean), ICLARM, Manila, pp. 311–317.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beveridge, M.C.M., Begum, M., Frerichs, G.N. and Millar, S. (1989) The ingestion of bacteria in suspension by the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Aquaculture 81, 373–378.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beveridge, M.C.M., Baird, D.J., Rahmatullah, S.M., Beattie, K.A. and Codd, G.A. (1993) Grazing rates on toxic and non-toxic cyanobacteria by Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Oreochromis niloticus. J. Fish Biol. 43, 901–907.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beveridge, M.C.M., Verdegem, M., Wahab, Md. A., Keshavanath, P. and Baird, D.J. (1998) Periphyton-based aquaculture and the EC-funded PAISA Project. Naga, the ICLARMQ. 21(4), 49–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bitterlich, G. (1985) The nutrition of a stomachless phytoplanktivorous fish in comparison with Tilapia. Hydmbiologia 121, 173–179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen, S.H. (1976) Mechanism for digestion of detrital bacteria by the cichlid fish Sarotherodon mossambicus (Peters). Nature (London) 260, 137–138.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen, S.H. (1979) A nutritional constraint in detritivory by fishes. The stunted population of Sarotherodon mossambicus in Lake Sibala South Africa. Ecological Monographs 49, 17–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen, S.H. (1980) Detrital non-protein amino acids are the key to rapid growth of tilapia in Lake Valencia, Venezuela. Science 207, 1216–1218.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen, S.H. (1981) Digestion and assimilation of periphytic detrital aggregate by Tilapia mossambica. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 110, 241–247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen, S.H. (1982) Feeding, digestion and growth-qualitative considerations, in The Biology and Culture of Tilapias (ICLARM Conference Proceedings, Vol. 7) (eds R.S.V. Pullin and R.H. Lowe-McConnell), ICLARM, Manila, pp. 141–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowen, S.H., Lutz, E.V., Ahlgren, M.O. (1995) Dietary protein and energy as determinants of food quality: trophic strategies compared. Ecology 76, 899–907.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buddington, R.K. (1979) Digestion of an aquatic macrophyte by Tilapia zillii. J. Fish Biol. 15, 449–456.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buddington, R.K. (1987) Does the natural diet influence the intestine’s ability to regulate glucose absorbtion?. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 157B, 677–688.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caceci, T., El-Habback, H.A., Smith, S.A. and Smith, B.J. (1998) The stomach of Oreochromis niloticus has three regions. J Fish Biol. 50, 939–952.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, K.L.I. (1981) Fishes of the genus Sarotherodon (Pices, Cichlidae) of springs along the northern Haso Ngiro, Kenya. J East Afr. Nat. Hist. Soc. Nat. Mus. 173, 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cataldi, E., Crosetti, D., Conte, G., D’Ovido, D. and Cataudella, S. (1988) Morphological changes in the oesophageal epitheleum during adaptations to salinities in Oreochromis mossambicus, O. niloticus and their hybrid. J Fish Biol. 32, 191–196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caulton, M.S. (1976) The importance of pre-digestive food preparation to Tilapia rendalli Boulanger when feeding on aquatic macrophytes. Trans. Rhod. Sci. Assoc. 57, 22–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caulton, M.S. (1977) A quantitative assessment of the daily ingestion of Panicum repens L. by Tilapia rendalli Boulenger (Cichlidae) in Lake Kariba. Trans. Rhod. Sei. Assoc. 58(6), 38–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caulton, M.S. (1978) Tissue depletion and energy utilization during routine metabolism by sub-adult Tilapia rendalli Boulenger. J Fish. Biol. 13, 1–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Caulton, M.S. (1982) Feeding, metabolism and growth of tilapias: some quantitative considerations, in The Biology and Culture of Tilapias (ICLARM Conference Proceedings, Vol. 7) (eds R.S.V. Pullin and R.H. Lowe-McConnell), ICLARM, Manila, pp. 157–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chang, M.H. and Lin, J.F. (1992) Gastric histological structure and localization of carbonic anhydrase of tilapia. J Ch. Soc. Vet. Sci. 18, 243–253.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dempster, P.W., Beveridge, M.C.M. and Baird, D.J. (1993) Herbivory in the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.): a comparison of feeding rates on periphyton and phytoplankton. J Fish Biol. 43, 385–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dempster, P., Baird, D.J. and Beveridge, M.C.M. (1995) Can fish survive by filter-feeding on microparticles? Energy balance in tilapia grazing on algal suspensions. J Fish Biol. 47, 7–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Denny, P., Bowker, D.W. and Bailey, R.G. (1978) The importance oflittoral epiphyton as food for commercial fish in the recent African man-made lake Nyumba ya Mungu reservoir, Tanzania. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 10, 139–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Silva, S.S. and Owoyemi, A.A. (1983) Effect of dietary quality on the gastric evacuation and intestinal passage in Sarothemdon mossambicus (Peters) fry. J. Fish Biol. 23, 347–355.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Silva, S.S. Perera, M.K. and Maitipe, P. (1984) The composition, nutritional status and digestibility of the diets of Sarothemdon mossambicus from nine man-made lakes in Sri Lanka. Env. Biol. Fishes 11, 205–219.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drenner, R.W., Taylor, S., Lazzaro, X. and Kettle, D. (1984) Particle grazing and plankton community impact of an omnivorous cichlid. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 113, 397–402.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Drenner, R.W., Vinyard, G.L., Hambright, K.D. and Gophen, M. (1987) Particle ingestion by Tilapia galilaea is not affected by removal of gill rakers and microbran-chiospines. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 116, 272–276.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fish, G.R. (1951) Digestion in Tilapia esculenta. Nature (London) 167, 900–901.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fish, G.R. (1955) The food ofTilapia in East Africa. Uganda J. 19, 85–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fish, G.R. (1960) The comparative activity of some digestive enzymes in the alimentary canal of tilapia and perch. Hydrobiologia 15, 151–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frierson, E.W. and Foltz, J.W. (1992) Comparison and estimation of absorbtive intestinal surface areas in two species of cichlid fish. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 121, 517–523.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fryer, G. and Iles, T.D. (1972) The Cichlid Fishes of the Great Lakes of Africa: Their Biology and Evolution, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gargiulo, A.M., Dall’Aglio, C, Tsoku, Z., Ceccarelli, P. and Pedini, V. (1996a) Morphology and histology of the oesophagus in a warmwater tilapiine fish (Teleostei). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 12, 121–124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gargiulo, A.M., Ceccarelli, P., Dall’Aglio, C. and Pedini, V. (1996b) Ultrastructural study on the stomach ofTilapia spp (Teleostei). Anat. Histol. Embryol. 26, 331–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gargiulo, A.M., Ceccarelli, P., Dall’Aglio, C. and Pedini, V. (1998) Histology and ultrastructure of the gut of the tilapia (Tilapia spp). Anat. Histol. Embyol. 27, 89–94.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gerking, S.D. (1994) Feeding Ecology of Fish, Academic Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Getachew, T. (1987) A study on an herbivorous fish, Oreochromis niloticus L., diet and its quality in two Ethiopian Rift Valley lakes, Awasa and Zwai. J. Fish Biol. 30, 439–449.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Getachew, T. (1989) Stomach pH, feeding and ingestion rate in Oreochromis niloticus L. (Pisces: Cichlidae) in Lake Awasa, Ethiopia. Hydrobiologia 174, 43–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Getachew, T. (1993) The composition and nutritional status of the diet of Oreochromis niloticus in Lake Chamo, Ethiopia. J. Fish Biol. 42, 865–874.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Getachew, T. and Fernando, C.H. (1989) The food of a herbivorous fish (Oreochromis niloticus Linn.) in Lake Awasa, Ethiopia. Hydrobiologia 174, 195–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Golder, M.I. (1991) Influence of Cadmium on the Ingestion Rate of the Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) Feeding on the Blue-Green Alga Microcystis aeruginosa, Unpublished MSc thesis, University of Stirling, Scotland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldschmidt, T. (1996) Darwin’s Dreampond. Drama in Lake Victoria, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gophen, M. (1980) Food resources, feeding behaviour and growth of Sarotherodon galilaeus (Linnaeus) fingerlings. Aquaculture 20, 101–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gophen, M., Drenner, R.W. and Vinyard, G.L. (1983) Cichlid stocking and the decline of the Galilee Saint Peter’s fish (Sarotherodon galilaeus) in Lake Kinneret, Israel. Can. J. Fish Aquat. Sei. 40, 983–986.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gosse, J.P. (1956) Dispositions spéciales de l’appareil branchial des Tilapia et Citharinus. Ann. Soc. Roy. Zool. Belge. 86, 303–308.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwood, P.H. (1953) Feeding mechanism of the cichlid fish Tilapia esculenta Graham. Nature (London) 172, 207–208.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hartneil, R.M. (1996) Laboratory and Field Investigations into the Feeding Performance of the Lake Malawi Oreochromis, Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Wales.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodgkiss, I.J. and Man, H.S.H. (1977) Age composition, growth and body condition of the introduced Sarotherodon mossambicus (Cichlidae) in Plover Cove Reservoir, Hong Kong. Env. Biol. Fishes 2, 35–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hofer, R. and Schiemer, F. (1983) Feeding ecology, assimilation efficiencies and energetics of two herbivorous fish: Sarotherodon (Tilapia) mossambicus (Peters) and Puntius filamentosus (Cuv. et Val.), in Limnology of Parakrama Samudra-Sri Lanka. (ed. F. Schiemer), Dr W. Junk, The Hague, pp. 155–164.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Horn, M.H. (1992) Herbivorous fishes: feeding and digestive mechanisms, in Plant-Animal Interactions in the Marine Benthos (Systematics Association Sped. Vol. 46) (eds D.M. John, S.J. Hawkins and J.H. Price), Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 339–362.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huysseune, A. (1983) Observations on tooth development and implantation in the upper pharyngeal jaws in Astatotilapia elegans (Teleostei: Cichlidae). J. Morph. 175, 217–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jauncey, K. (1998) A Guide to Tilapia Feeds and Feeding, 2nd edn, Pisces Press, Bridge of Allan, Stirling.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kapoor, B.G., Smit, H. and Verighina, I.A. (1975) The alimentary canal and digestion in teleosts. Adv. Mar. Biol. 13, 109–239.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keshavanath, P., Beveridge, M.C.M., Baird, D.J., Nimmo, A. and Codd, G. (1994) The functional grazing response of a phytoplanktivorous fish Oreochromis niloticus to mixtures of toxic and non-toxic strains of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. J. Fish Biol. 45, 123–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kihara, M. and Sakata, T. (1997) Fermentation of dietary carbohydrates to short-chain fatty acids by gut microbes and its influence on intestinal morphology of a detrivorous teleost Tilapia. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 118A, 1201–1207.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Konan-Brou, A.A. and Guiral, D. (1994) Available algal biomass in tropical brackish water artificial habitats. Aquaculture 119, 175–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kornfield, I. (1991) Genetics, in Cichlid Fishes, Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution (ed. M.H.A. Keenleyside), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 103–128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lanzing, W.J.R. and Higginbotham, D.R. (1976) Scanning microscopy of pharyngeal and oral teeth of the teleost Tilapia mossambica. Hydrobiologia 48, 137–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lazzaro, X. (1987) A review of planktivorous fishes; their evolution, feeding behaviours, selectivities and impacts. Hydrobiologia 146, 97–167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lazzaro, X. (1991) Feeding convergence in South American and African zooplanktivorous cichlids Geophagus brasiliensis and Tilapia rendalli. Env. Biol. Fishes 31, 283–293.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lehman, J.T. (1976) The filter-feeder as an optimal forager and the predicted shapes of feeding curves. Limnol. Ocenaogr. 21, 501–516.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Le Roux, P.J. (1956) Feeding habits of the young of four species of tilapia. South Afr. J. Sci. 53(2), 33–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lever, C. (1996) Naturalised Fishes of the World, Academic Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liem, K.F. (1991) Functional morphology, in Cichlid fishes. Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution (ed. M.H.A. Keenleyside), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 129–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liem, K.F. and Osse, J.W.M. (1975) Biological versatility, evolution and food resource exploitation in African cichlid fishes. Am. Zool. 15, 427–454.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowe-McConnell, R.H. (1982) Tilapias in fish communities, in The Biology and Culture of Tilapias (1CLARM Conference Proceedings, Vol. 7) (eds R.S.V. Pullin and R.H. Lowe-McConnell), ICLARM, Manila, pp. 83–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowe-McConnell, R.H. (1987) Ecological studies of Tropical Fish Communities, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Maitipe, P. and De Silva S.S. (1985) Switches between zoophagy, phytophagy and detritivory of Sarotherodon mossambicus (Peters) populations in twelve man-made Sri ankan lakes. J. Fish Biol. 26, 49–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Man, H.S.H. and Hodgkiss, I.J. (1977) Studies on the ichthyofauna in Plover Cove Reservoir, Hong Kong: feeding and food relations. J. Fish Biol 11, 1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matêna, J., Simek, K. and Fernando, C.H. (1995) Ingestion of suspended bacteria by fish: a modified approach. J Fish Biol. 47, 334–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mathavan, S., Vivekandan, E. and Pandian, T.J. (1976) Food utilization in the fish Tilapia mossambica fed on plant and animal foods. Helg. wiss. Meeresunters. 28, 66–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, M.E. (1985a) Carbon budgets for a phytoplanktivorous fish fed three different unialgal populations. Oecologia 66, 246–249.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, M.E. (1985b) Growth of a grazing phytoplanktivorous fish and growth enhancement of the grazed alga. Oecologia 67, 132–136.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, M.E. (1987) Interactions between a phytoplanktivorous fish, Oreochromis niloticus, and two unialgal forage populations. Env. Biol. Fishes 18, 229–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Moor, F.C. and Scott, W.E. (1985) Digestion of Microcystis aeruginosa by Oreochromis niloticus. J. Limnol. Assoc. Sth. Afr. 11, 14–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Moor, F., Wilkinson, R.C. and Herbst H.M. (1986) Food and feeding habits of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters) in hypertrophie Hartbeespoort Dam, South Africa. South Afr. J. Zool. 21, 170–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moriarty, CM. and Moriarty, D.J.W. (1973) Quantitative estimation of the daily ingestion of phytoplankton by Tilapia nilotica and Haplochromis nigripinnis in Lake George, Uganda. J Zool. (London) 171, 209–255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moriarty, D.J.W. and Pullin, R.S.V. (eds) (1987) Detritus and Microbial Ecology in Aquaculture (ICLARM Conference Proceedings, 14), ICLARM, Manila, Philippines.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moriarty, D.J.W., Darlington, J.P.E.C., Dunn, I.G., Moriarty, CM. and Tevlin, M.P. (1973) Feeding and grazing in Lake George, Uganda. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. 184, 299–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ndonna, C (1996) Comparisons of Ingestion Rates of Three Tilapia Species, Tilapia rendalli, Oreochromis niloticus and 0. mossambicus Feeding on Chlorella vulgaris, unpublished MSc thesis, University of Stirling, U.K.

    Google Scholar 

  • Northcott, M.E. (1988) An Investigation of Filter-Feeding in the Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. L., unpublished PhD thesis, University of Stirling, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Northcott, M.E. and Beveridge, M.C.M. (1988) The development and structure of the pharyngeal apparatus associated with filter feeding in tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus L.). J. Zool. (London) 215, 133–149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Northcott, M.E., Beveridge, M.C.M. and Ross, L.G. (1991) A laboratory investigation of the filtration and ingestion rates of the tilapia Oreochromis niloticus feeding on two species of blue-green algae. Env. Biol. Fishes 31, 75–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Opiyo, S. V. and Dadzie, S. (1994) Diet and food utilization in Oreochromis esculentus (Graham) in Lake Kanyaboli, Kenya. Fish. Manage. Ecol. 1, 79–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Osman, A.H.K. and Caceci, T. (1991) Histology of the stomach of Tilapia nilotica (Linnaeus, 1758) from the River Nile. J Fish Biol. 38, 211–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pauly, D. (1976) The biology, fishery and potential for aquaculture of Tilapia melanotheron in a small West African lagoon. Aquaculture 7, 33–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahmatullah, S.M. and Beveridge, M.C.M. (1993) The ingestion of bacteria in suspension by fry of planktivorous Indian major carps (Catla catla, Labeo rohita) and Chinese carps (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis). Hydrobiologia 264, 79–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Redding, T.A. (1997) The Biology and Ecology of Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) (Pisces: Cichlidae) in the Sepik River, Papua New Guinea-With Reference to the Management of the Fishery, unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Hull.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ribbink, A. (1991) Distribution and ecology of the cichlids of the African Great Lakes, in Cichlid fishes. Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution (ed M.H.A. Keenleyside), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 36–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, R.L., Turner, G.F., Grimm, A.S. and Pitcher, T.J. (1990) A comparison of the ingestion rates of three tilapia species fed on a small planktonic alga. J Fish Biol. 36, 269–270.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, R.L., Turner, G.F., Grimm, A.S. and Pitcher, T.J. (1995) An experimental study of phytoplankton feeding in three tilapiine cichlids. J Fish Biol. 46, 449–459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, B. and Jauncey, K. (1981) A radiographie estimation of the effect of temperature on gastric emptying time in Sarotherodon niloticus (L) × S. aureus (Steindachner) hybrids. J Fish Biol. 19, 333–344.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, L.G., McKinney, R.W. and Ross, B. (1988) Energy budgets for cultured tilapias, in Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Tilapias in Aquaculture (ICLARM Conl. Proc, Vol. 15) (eds R.S.V. Pullin, T. Bhukaswan, K. Tonguthai and J.L. Maclean), ICLARM, Manila, pp. 83–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakata, T., Uno, K. and Kakimoto, D. (1984) Dominant bacteria of the aerobic microflora in Tilapia intestine. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. 50, 489–493.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanderson, S.L. and Wassersug, R. (1993) Convergent and alternative designs for vertebrate suspension feeding, in The Skull, Vol. 3, Functional and Evolutionary Mechanisms (eds J. Hanken and B.K. Hall), University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 37–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanderson, S.L., Stebar, M.C., Ackerman, K.L., Jones, S.H., Batjakas, I.E. and Kauffman, L. (1996) Mucus entrapment of particles by a suspension-feeding tilapia (Pisces: Cichlidae). J Exp. Biol. 199, 1743–1756.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sasagawa, I. (1997) Fine structure of the cap enameloid of the dental epithelial cells during enameloid mineralization and early maturation stages in the tilapia, a teleost. J Anat. 190, 589–600.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schroeder, G.L. (1978) Autotrophic and heterotrophic production of microorganisms in intensely-manured fish ponds and related fish yield. Aquaculture 14, 303–325.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scocco, P., Ceccarelli, P. and Menghi, G. (1996) Glycohistochemistry of the Tilapia spp. stomach. J Fish Biol. 49, 584–593.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scocco, P., Menghi, G. and Ceccarelli, P. (1997). Histochemical differentiation of glycoconjugates occurring in the tilapine intestine. J Fish Biol. 51, 848–857.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scocco, P., Accili, D., Menghi, G. and Ceccarelli, P. (1998). Unusual glycoconjugates in the oesophagus of a tilapine polyhybrid. J Fish Biol. 53, 39–48.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shrestha, M.V. and Knud-Hansen, CF. (1994) Increasing attached microorgaism biomass as a management strategy for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) production. Aquacult. Eng. 13, 101–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spataru, P. (1976) The feeding habits of Tilapia galilaea (Artedi) in Lake Kinneret (Israel). Aquaculture 9, 47–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spataru, P. and Zorn, M. (1978) Food and feeding habits of Tilapia aurea Steindachner in Lake Kinneret (Israel). Aquaculture 13, 67–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stroband, H.W.J. (1977) Growth and diet dependent structural adaptations of the digestive tract in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella Val.). J Fish Biol. 11, 167–174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sugita, H., Tokuyama, K. and Deguchi, Y. (1985) The intestinal microflora of carp Cyprinus carpio, grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella and tilapia Sarotherodon niloticus. Bull. Jap. Soc. Sci. Fish. 50, 1325–1329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sugita, Kawasaki, J. and Deguchi, Y. (1997) Production of amylase by the intestinal flora in cultured freshwater fish. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 24, 105–108.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trewavas, E. (1983) Tilapiine Fishes of the Genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia, British Museum (Natural History), London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner, G.F., Grimm, A.S., Mhone, O.K., Robinson, R.L. and Pitcher, T.J. (1991) The diet of Oreochromis lidole (Trewavas) and other chambo species in Lakes Malawi and Malombe. J. Fish Biol. 39, 15–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Welcomme, R. (1972) An evaluation of the acadja methods of fishing as practiced in the coastal lagoons of Dahomey (West Africa). J. Fish Biol. 4, 39–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whitehead, P.J.P. (1959) The feeding mechanism of Tilapia nigra. Nature (London) 184, 1509–1510.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Whitfield, A.K. and Blaber, S.J.M. (1978) Resource segregation among iliophagous fish in St Lucia, Zululand. Env. Biol. Fishes 3, 293–296.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yamaoka, K. (1991) Feeding behaviour, in Cichlid fishes. Behaviour, Ecology and Evolution (ed M.H.A. Keenleyside), Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 151–172.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yowell, D.W. and Vinyard, G.L. (1993) An energy-based analysis of particulate-feeding and filter-feeding by blue tilapia. Env. Biol. Fishes 36, 65–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zihler, F. (1982) Gross morphology and configuration of digestive tracts of Cichlidae (Teleostei, Perciformes): phylogenetic and functional significance. Neth. J. Zool. 32, 544–571.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA, Stirling, UK

    M. C. M. Beveridge

  2. Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA, Stirling, UK

    D. J. Baird

Authors
  1. M. C. M. Beveridge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. J. Baird
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland

    Malcolm C. M. Beveridge  & Brendan J. McAndrew  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Beveridge, M.C.M., Baird, D.J. (2000). Diet, feeding and digestive physiology. In: Beveridge, M.C.M., McAndrew, B.J. (eds) Tilapias: Biology and Exploitation. Fish and Fisheries Series, vol 25. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4008-9_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4008-9_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6391-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4008-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation