Abstract
The necessary physical relations are presented for the formulation of a theory of consolidation model for unsaturated soils. This model is an extension of the saturated soil consolidation theory commonly used in geotechnical engineering. The model involves the simultaneous solution of two partial differential equations; one for the water phase and one for the air phase (i.e., two phase flow approach). The model allows the computation of pore-air and pore-water pressure as a function of time and space. These pressures can be substituted into the constitutive relations for the soil to compute void ratio, water content and degree of saturation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barden, L. “Consolidation of compacted and unsaturated clays.” Geotechnique, 15 (3) (1965) 267–286.
Barden, L., Madedor, A. 0. and Sides, G. R. “Volume change characteristics of unsaturated clay.” ASCEs Journal of Soil Mechanics Foundation Division 95 (SMI) (. 1969 ) 33–51.
Biot, M. A. “General theory of three-dimensional consolidation.” Journal of Applied Physics, No. 12 (1941) 155–164.
Bishop, A. W. “Some factors controlling the pore pressures set up during the construction of earth dams.” Fourth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Vol. 2 (1957) 294–300.
Bishop, A. W. “The principle of effective stress.” Technisk Ukeflad No. 39 (1959).
Bishop, A. W. and Blight, G. E. “Some aspects of effective stress in saturated and unsaturated soils.” Geotechnique Vol. 13 (1963) 177–197.
Bishop, A. W. arid Donald, I. B. “The experimental study of partly saturated soil in the triaxial apparatus.” Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering (1961) 13–21.
Blight, G. E. “Flow of air through soils.” Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division ASCE, April (1971) 607–624.
Burland, J. B. “Some aspects of the mechanical behavior of partly saturated soils.” In: Moisture Equilibrium and Moisture Changes in Soils Beneath Covered Areas. Butterworth and Company (Australia) Ltd., Sydney, Australia (1965).
Childs, E. C. and Collis-George, N. “The permeability of porous material.” Proceedings of Royal Society, 201A (1950).
Coleman, J. D. “Stress/strain relations for partly saturated soil.” Correspondence in Geotechnique, 12 (4) (1962) 348–350.
Corey, A. T. “Measurement of water and air permeability in unsaturated soil.” Proceedings of the Soil Science Society of America, Vol. 21, No. 1 (1962) 7–10.
Dakshanamurthy, V. and Fredlund, D. G. “Moisture and air flow in an unsaturated soil.” Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Expansive Soils, American Society of Civil Engineering, Vol. 1 (1980a) 514–532.
Dakshanamurthy, V. and Fredlund, D. G. Computer Documentation CD16.3. “Transient flow analysis (coupled water vapor).” Department of Civil Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada (1980b).
Dakshanamurthy, V. and Fredlund, D. G. “A mathematical model for predicting moisture flow in an unsaturated soil under hydraulic and temperature gradients.” Water Resources Research Journal, Vol. 17, No. 3 (1981) 714–722.
Elzeftawy, A. and Dempsey, B. “Unsaturated transient and steady-state flow of moisture in subgrade soil.” Proceedings of Transportation Research Board, No. 612, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D. C., U. S. A. (1976) 56–61.
Fredlund, D. G. “Volume change behavior of unsaturated soils.” Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (1973).
Fredlund, D. G. “Density and compressibility characteristics of air-water mixtures.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 13, No. 4 (1976) 386–396.
Fredlund, D. G. “Appropriate concepts and technology for unsaturated soils.” Second Canadian Geotechnical Colloquium, Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 16, No. 1 (1979) 121–139.
Fredlund, D. G. and Morgenstern, N. R. “Constitutive relations for volume change in unsaturated soils.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 13, No. 3 (1976) 261–276.
Fredlund, D. G. and Morgenstern, N. R. “Stress state variables for unsaturated soils.” ASCEs Vol. 1039 GT5 (May) (1977) 447–466.
Fredlund, D. G. and Hasan, J. U. “One-dimensional consolidation theory: unsaturated soils.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal Vol. 16, No. 3 (1979) 521–531.
Freeze, R. A. and Cherry, J. A. “Groundwater.” Prentice-Hall Inc., New Jersey (1979).
Gardner, W. R. “Soil suction and water movement,” in pore- pressure and suction in soils. London: Butterworths (1960) 137–140.
Green, R. E. and Corey, J. C. “Calculation of hydraulic conductivity: a further evaluation of some predictive methods.” Proceedings of Soil Science Society of America, Vol. 35 (1960) 3–8.
Hamilton, J. J. “Effects of environment on the performance of shallow foundations.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 6 (1969) 65–80.
Hasan, J. U. and Fredlund, D. G. “Consolidation theory for unsaturated soils.” Presented to the Symposium on Water Movement and Equilibrium in Swelling Soils. Organized by the Committee on Water in the Unsaturated Zone of the Section of Hydrology of the American Geophysical Union, San Francisco, U. S. A. (1977).
Hasan, J. U. and Fredlund, D. G. “Pore pressure parameters for unsaturated soils.” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 17, No. 3 (1980) 395–404.
Hilf, J. W. “Estimating construction pore pressures in rolled earth dams.” Proceedings, Second International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Rotterdam, Vol. Ill (1948) 234–240.
Lambe, T. W. and Whitman, R. V. “Soil Mechanics.” John Wiley, New York (1969).
Lloret, A. and Alonso, E. E. “Consolidation of unsaturated soils including swelling and collapse behavior.” Geotechnique 30 (4) (1980) 449–477.
Matyas, E. L. and Radhakrishna, H. S. “Volume change characteristics for partly saturated soils.” Geotechnique, 18 (4) (1968) 432–448.
Narasimhan, T. N. and Witherspoon, P. A. “Numerical model for saturated-unsaturated flow in deformable porous media Theory.” Water Resources Research, 13 (3) (1977) 657–664.
Philip, J. R. and de Vries, D. A. “Moisture movement in porous materials under temperature gradients.” Transactions American Geophysical Union Vol. 38, No. 2 (1957).
Richards, L. A. “Capillary conductance of liquids through porous mediums.” Physics 1 (1931) 318–333.
Terzaghi, K. “Theoretical soil mechanics.” John Wiley and Sons, New York (1943) 510.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Fredlund, D.G. (1984). Consolidation of Unsaturated Porous Media. In: Bear, J., Corapcioglu, M.Y. (eds) Fundamentals of Transport Phenomena in Porous Media. NATO ASI Series, vol 82. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6175-3_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6175-3_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-009-6177-7
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-6175-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive