Abstract
Hardwood trees, like most woody plants, present difficult challenges to the plant breeder. Not only are the plants unwieldy and thus difficult to manipulate in large numbers, but the life cycle with the attendant juvenile period of years to decades strongly limits the rapidity of improvement. In addition, many hardwood tree species are genetically diverse (heterozygous) and thus complex breeding strategies must be employed to stabilize a genetic character in a seed-propagated population. These characteristics make breeding hardwood trees both time-consuming and expensive. Since most of the hardwood species are not the focus of large forestry programs, such genetic improvement programs are usually not undertaken on an extensive basis.
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© 1987 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht
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McCown, B.H., Russell, J.A. (1987). Protoplast Culture of Hardwoods. In: Bonga, J.M., Durzan, D.J. (eds) Cell and Tissue Culture in Forestry. Forestry Sciences, vol 24-26. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4484-8_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4484-8_3
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