Abstract
The advent of modern space techniques has revolutionized position measurements. These new techniques include laser ranging to the Moon and to artificial satellites; very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of galactic and extra-galactic radio sources and of spacecraft; radio tracking of satellites; radar ranging to planets; and spacecraft tracking during planetary encounters. The accuracy of these measurements has reached a new milestone requiring a re-examination of both the concepts and realizations of reference frames.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aoki, S., Soma, M., Kinoshita, H., and Inoue, K., 1983, Astron. Astroph., 128, p. 263.
Backer, D. C., Fomalont, E. B., Goss, W. M., Taylor, J. H. and Weisberg, J. M., 1985, ‘Accurate Timing and Interferometric Positions for the Millisecond Pulsar 1937+21 and the Binary Pulsar 1913+16’, Astron. J., 90, p. 2275.
Bartel, N., Capallo, R. J., Ratner, M. I., Rogers, A.E.E., Shapiro, I. I., and Whitney, A. R., 1985, Astron. J., 90, p. 318.
Carter, W. E., Robertson, D. S., Pettey, J. E., Tapley, B. D.., Schutz, B. E., Eanes, R. J., and Lufeng, M., 1984, ‘Variations in the Rotation of the Earth’, Science, 224, p 957–961.
Clark, B. G., Kellermann, K. I., and Shaffer, D., 1975, Ap. J., 198, L123.
Clark, T. A., Hutton, L. K., Ma, C., Shapiro, I. I., Wittels, J. J., Robertson, D. S., Hinteregger, H. F., Knight, C. A., Rogers, A.E.E, Whitney, A. R., Niell, A. E., Resch, G. M., and Webster, W. J., 1976, Ap. J., 206, L107.
Davis, M. M., Taylor, J. H., Weisberg, J. M., and Backer, D. C., 1985, Nature 315, 547.
de Vegt, C., and Johnston, K., 1988, ‘Fundamental Reference Frames’, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Symposium No. 128, The Earth’s Rotation and Reference Frames for Geodesy and Geodynamics, eds. A. Babcock and G. Wilkins, D. Reidel
Dickey, J. O., Fanselow, J. L., Melbourne, W.G., Newhall, X X, Standish, E.M., and Williams, J. G., 1988, ‘Reference Frames: Determinations and Connections’, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Symposium No. 128, The Earth’s Rotation and Reference Frames for Geodesy and Geodynamics, eds. A. Babcock and G. Wilkins, D. Reidel, Boston.
Eubanks, T. M., Steppe, J. A., and Sovers, O. J., 1988, ‘The Long Term Stability of Earth Orientation Measurements’, to be published in the Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Symposium Number 129, The Impact of VLBI on Astrophysics and Geophysics, eds. Reid, M., and Moran, J. M., D. Reidel, Boston, in press.
Fanselow, J. F., Sovers, O. J., Thomas, J. B., Purcell, G. H., Cohen, E. J., Rogstad, D.H., Skjerve, L. J., and Spitzmesser, D. J., 1984, ‘Radio Interferometric Determination of Source Positions Utilizing Deep Space Antennas, 1971 to 1980’, Astron. J., 89, p. 987–998.
Fomalont, E. B., Goss, W. M., Lyne, A. G., and Manchester, R. N., 1984, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 210, 113.
Jefferys, W. H., 1980, ‘Astrometry with the Space Telescope’, Celestial Mech., 22, p. 175–181.
Jones, Dayton, 1987, ‘VLA Astrometry of Neptune’, Interoffice Memorandum, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Kovalevsky, J., 1980, ‘Global Astrometry by Space Techniques’, Celestial Mech., 22, 153–163.
Kovalevsky, J., 1985, ‘Systèmes de Référence Terrestres et Célestes’, Bulletin Astronomique, 10. p. 87–93.
Lestrade, J. F., Requieme, Y., Rapaport, M., and Preston, R. A., 1988, ‘Preliminary Relationship between the FK5 and the JPL Radio Reference Frames’, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Symposium 128, The Earth’s Rotation and Reference Frames for Geodesy and Geodynamics’, D. Reidel, A. Babcock and G. Wilkins, editors.
Ma, C., Clark, T. A., Ryan, J. W., Herring, T. A., Shapiro, I. I., Corey, B. E., Hinteregger, H. F., Rogers, A. E. E., Whitney, A. R., Knight, C. A., Lundquist, G. L., Shaffer, D. B., Vandenburg, N. R., Pigg, J. C., Schupler, B. R., and Ronnang, B. O., 1986, ‘Radio-Source Positions from VLBI’, Astron J., 92, p. 1020–1029.
Muhleman, D. O., Berge, G. L., and Jones, D., 1987, ‘VLA Observations of Neptune and the Mass of Triton’, Caltech Informal Report.
Muhleman, D. O., Berge, G. L., Rudy, D. J., Niell, A. E., Linfield, R. P., and Standish, E. M., 1985, ‘Precise Position Measurements of Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus Systems with the Very Large Array’, Celestial Mech., 37, p. 329–337.
Mueller, I.I, ‘Reference Coordinate Systems and Frames: Concepts and Realizations’, Bull. Geod., 59, p. 181–188.
Newhall, X X, Preston, R. A., and Esposito, P. B., 1986, ‘Relating the JPL VLBI Reference Frame and the Planetary Ephemerides’, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Symposium 109: Astrometric Techniques, (Gainesville, Florida, 1984), H. K. Eichhorn and R. J. Leacock, eds., Reidel, Dordrecht-Holland, p. 789–794.
Niell, A. E., Lockhart, T. G., and Preston, R. A., 1981, Ap. J., 250, p. 248.
Niell, A. E., Fanselow, J. L., Sovers, O. J., Thomas, J. B., Liewer, K. M., Treuhaft, R. N., and Wallace, K. S., 1986, ‘Accurate Positions of 120 Radio Sources with Declinations Above -45 Degrees’, Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 109: Astrometric Techniques, (Gainesville, Florida, 1984), H. K. Eichhorn and R. J. Leacock, eds., Reidel, Dordrecht-Holland.
Preston, R. A., Morabito, D. D., Wehrle, A. E., Jauncey, D. L., Batty, A. J., Haynes, R. F., Wright, A. E., and Nicolson, G. D., 1983, Ap. J. (Letters), 268, L23.
Purcell, G. H., Cohen, E. J., Fanselow, J. L., Rogstad, D. H., Skjerve, L. J., Spitzmesser, D. J., and Thomas, J. B., 1979, ‘Current Results and Developments in Astrometric VLBI at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory’, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Colloquium No. 48: Modern Astrometry, F. V. Prochazka and R. H. Tucker, eds., published by the University Observatory, Vienna; Herausgeber and Verleger: Institut fur Astronomie (Universitats-Sternwarte Wien), p. 185–194.
Ramaty, R., 1969, Ap. J., 158, p. 753.
Reasenberg, R. D., 1986, ‘Microarcsecond Astrometric Interferometry’, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Symposium 109: Astrometric Techniques, (Gainesville, Florida, 1984), H. K. Eichhorn and R. J. Leacock, eds., Reidel, Dordrecht-Holland.
Reid, M. and Moran, J. M., eds., 1988, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Symposium Number 129, The Impact of VLBI on Astrophysics and Geophysics, D. Reidel, Boston, in press.
Robertson, D. S., Fallon, F. W., and Carter, W. E., 1986, ‘Celestial Reference Coordinate Systems — Submilliarcsec Precision Demonstrated with VLBI Observations’, Astron. J., 91, p.
Rubincam, D., 1984, Postglacial Rebound Observed by LAGEOS and Effective Viscosity of the Lower Mantle’, J. Geophys Res., 89, p. 1077–1087.
Ryan, J., Clark, T., Ma, C., and Gordon, D., 1988, ‘Toward the Realization of a Unified Terrestrial Coordinate Frame for Geophysics’, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Symposium No. 128, The Earth’s Rotation and Reference Frames for Geodesy and Geodynamics, eds. A. Babcock and G. Wilkins, D. Reidel, Boston.
Ryle, M., and Elsmore, B., 1973, M.N.R.A.S., 164, p. 223.
Schilizzi, R. T., Norman, C. A., Van Breugel, W., and Hummel, E., 1979, Astron. Astroph., 79, L26.
Smith, D. E., Christodoulidis, D. C., Kolenkiewicz, R., Dunn, P. J., Klosko, S. M., Torrence, M. H., Fricke, S., and Blackwell, S., 1985, ‘A Global Geodetic Reference Frame from LAGEOS Ranging’, J. Geophys. Res., 90, B11, p. 9221–9234.
Stewart, R., Fu, L. L., and Lefebvre, M., 1986, ‘Science Opportunities From the Topex/Poseidon Mission’, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Publication, Pasadena, CA, USA, 86–18.
Standish, E. M., 1985, ‘Planetary and Lunar Ephemerides, DE/25/LE125’, Interoffice Memorandum 314.6–591, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Standish, E. M., Newhall, X X, Williams, J. G., and Dickey, J. O., 1988, The Reference Frame of the Ephemerides’, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Symposium 128, The Earth’s Rotation and Reference Frames for Geodesy and Geodynamics’, 1986, D. Reidel, G. Wilkins and A. Babcock, editors.
Tapley, B.D., Schutz, B. E., and Eanes, R. J., 1985, ‘Station Coordinates, Baselines, and Earth Rotation from LAGEOS Laser Ranging: 1976–1984’, J. Geophys. Res., 90, B11, p. 9235-
Walker, R. C., Readhead, A.C.S., Seielstad, G. A., Preston, R. A., Niell, A. E., Resch, G. M., Crane, P. C, Shaffer, D. B., Geldzahler, B. J., Neff, S. G., Shapiro, I.I., Jauncey, D. L., and Nicolson, G. D., 1981, Ap. J., 243, p. 589.
White, G. L., Jauncey, D. L. and Preston, R. A., 1986, ‘A Radio-Optical Frame Tie Programme in the Southern Hemisphere’, Proceedings of a colloquium on the European Astrometry Satellite HIPPARCOS — Scientific Aspects of the Input Catalogue Preparation, Aussois, 3–7 June 1985 (ESA SP-234).
Williams, J. G., Newhall, X X, and Dickey, J. O., 1985, ‘The Coordinate Frame of the Lunar Laser Ranging Network’, Report on the MERIT-COTES Campaign on Earth Rotation and Reference Systems, Part II: Proceedings of the International Conference on Earth Rotation and the Terrestrial Reference Frame, ed. I. Mueller Ohio State University, 2, p. 590–600.
Williams, J. G., Dickey, J. O., Melbourne, W. G., and Standish, E. M., 1983, ‘Unification of Celestial and Terrestrial Coordinate Systems’, Proceedings of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) Symposia, International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) XVIIIth General Assembly, Hamburg, FRG, August 15–27, 1983, Ohio State University, Dept. of Geodetic Science and Surveying, Columbus, Ohio 43210, 2, p. 12–27.
Yoder, C. F., Williams, J. G., Dickey, J. O., Schutz, B. E., Eanes, R. J., and Tapley, B. D., 1983, ‘Secular Variation of Earth’s Gravitational Harmonic J2 from LAGEOS and the Nontidal Acceleration of Earth Rotation’, Nature, 303, p. 757–762.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dickey, J.O. (1989). Intercomparisons Between Kinematic and Dynamical Systems. In: Kovalevsky, J., Mueller, I.I., Kolaczek, B. (eds) Reference Frames. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 154. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0933-5_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0933-5_14
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6909-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-0933-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive