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Entwicklung und Determinanten des Produktivitätsgefälles zwischen den Ballungsräumen der USA 1969 - 2005

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Empirische Regionalforschung heute

Zusammenfassung

Die Wirtschaft der USA ist in hohem Maß räumlich konzentriert, und zwischen den Ballungsräumen existiert eine ausgeprägte Produktivitätshierarchie entlang der Größe dieser Regionen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird untersucht, wie sich dieses Muster – etwa als Folge infrastruktureller und informationstechnologischer Entwicklungen – in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten verändert hat und welche Faktoren dabei maßgeblich waren. Die großen Agglomerationen der USA sind, was Bevölkerung und Beschäftigung angeht, zwar tendenziell weniger gewachsen als kleinere Ballungsräume. Dabei sind aber die hierarchischen Abstufungen im Produktivitätsniveau zwischen diesen Regionen noch erheblich größer geworden. Ein zentraler Faktor war dabei die Ausstattung mit Wissen und Humankapital. Hohe Bedeutung für die Produktivität eines Ballungsraums haben auch Urbanisationseffekte. Dagegen tragen Unterschiede im Marktzugang und Lokalisationseffekte nur wenig zu den räumlichen Produktivitätsdifferenzen bei. Die vorliegende Untersuchung liefert keine Hinweise auf eine Tendenz der räumlichen Dezentralisierung der Wirtschaft, sie deutet eher in die entgegen gesetzte Richtung.

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Geppert, K., Postlep, RD. (2011). Entwicklung und Determinanten des Produktivitätsgefälles zwischen den Ballungsräumen der USA 1969 - 2005. In: Dreger, C., Kosfeld, R., Türck, M. (eds) Empirische Regionalforschung heute. Gabler. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-6366-6_4

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