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Epidemiologisches Wissen, persönliche Erfahrungen und Entscheidungsfindung – Überlegungen zum Konzept der Ärzte-Patienten-Beziehung

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Facetten von Gesundheitskompetenz in einer Gesellschaft der Vielfalt

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Zusammenfassung

In der medizinischen Praxis sind epidemiologische Wissensformen Entscheidungsgrundlage. Inzwischen hat sich auch die Idee der gemeinsamen Entscheidungsfindung durchgesetzt. Anhand zweier Fallbeispiele aus den Bereichen Brustkrebsrisiko und Brustkrebs beschreibt der Artikel, wie medizinisch-epidemiologische Informationen im Austausch zwischen Arzt und Patient für Handlungsentscheidungen berücksichtigt werden.

Die medizinischen Informationen, die in den Arzt-Patienten-Gesprächen vermittelt wurden, stellten den Entscheidungsrahmen dar und determinierten den Zeitpunkt, wann die Entscheidung getroffen wurde/werden musste. Die Patientinnen nutzten ihre Erfahrungen und Erlebnisse, um medizinischen Informationen für ihren Lebenskontext aufzugreifen und zu verstehen. Sie setzten persönliche Erfahrungen und Erfahrungen des sozialen Umfelds in Beziehung zu den ärztlich vermittelten Informationen, um eingebettet in den eigenen Lebenskontext eine Entscheidung zu treffen. Medizinische Informationen stellen außerdem ein wichtiges Mittel für das emotionale Management im Umgang mit Erkrankung dar und dienen der Versicherung des eigenen Weges. Sie eröffnen Entscheidungsräume, in denen die eigenen und die Erfahrungen anderer sowie kulturelle Vorstellungen und das soziale Netzwerk handlungsleitend sind. Es sind soziale Erfahrungen, über die die statistischen Informationen individualisiert werden und handlungsleitend werden können. Solche Prozesse können durch eine phänomenologisch geprägte Patientenorientierung, durch eine stärkere Berücksichtigung der sozialen Erfahrungen und ein Anerkennen der Patientin als zwar vulnerables, aber sehr wohl handelndes und wissendes Subjekt gestärkt werden.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Um den Anforderungen einer geschlechtergerechten Sprache nachzukommen und gleichzeitig die Lesbarkeit des Textes zu gewährleisten, werden in diesem Artikel die feminine und maskuline Form abwechselnd verwendet.

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  1. Institut für Sozialmedizin und Epidemiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg/Havel, Deutschland

    Christine Holmberg

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  1. CERES (Cologne Center for Ethics, Rights, Economics, and Social Sciences of Health), Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland

    Annika Baumeister

  2. Institut für Germanistik, Germanistische Linguistik, Universität Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Deutschland

    Carolin Schwegler

  3. CERES (Cologne Center for Ethics, Rights, Economics, and Social Sciences of Health), Universität zu Köln, Köln, Deutschland

    Christiane Woopen

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Holmberg, C. (2023). Epidemiologisches Wissen, persönliche Erfahrungen und Entscheidungsfindung – Überlegungen zum Konzept der Ärzte-Patienten-Beziehung. In: Baumeister, A., Schwegler, C., Woopen, C. (eds) Facetten von Gesundheitskompetenz in einer Gesellschaft der Vielfalt. Schriften zu Gesundheit und Gesellschaft - Studies on Health and Society, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65586-3_9

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