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Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung

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Neuro-/Psychopharmaka im Kindes- und Jugendalter

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Zusammenfassung

In der spezifischen Behandlung der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit‑/Hyperaktivitätsstörung (ADHS) findet die medikamentöse Therapie häufige Anwendung und zeigt eine sehr gute Wirksamkeit, Tolerabilität und Sicherheit. Dabei stehen im Kindes- und Jugendalter Psychostimulanzien (Methylphenidat und Amphetamin) in verschiedenen Applikationsformen als Medikation der ersten Wahl zur Verfügung. Nicht-Psychostimulanzien wie Atomoxetin und Guanfacin sind weitere Optionen in der medikamentösen Behandlung. Langwirksame Formulierungen von Psychostimulanzien bieten häufig Vorteile hinsichtlich Wirkung und Medikamentenadhärenz. Entscheidend für die Indikation zur Medikation einer ADHS sind die individuelle psychosoziale Beeinträchtigung, das Alter der Patienten und der Schweregrad der Störung. In der Wahl des geeigneten Medikamentes sind, eingebettet in ein multimodales Behandlungskonzept, individuelle Gegebenheiten wie Komorbiditäten zu berücksichtigen. Unter der Behandlung sind regelmäßige Kontrollen z. B. von Gewichtsentwicklung, Puls und Blutdruck zur Erfassung eventueller unerwünschter Arzneimittelwirkungen sowie Auslassversuche durchzuführen. Das folgende Kapitel gibt neben der Störungsdefinition einen Überblick über diagnostische Voraussetzungen, die individuelle Indikationsstellung und die Anwendung der Psychopharmakotherapie in der Behandlung der ADHS und einiger häufiger komorbider Störungen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz

    Prof. Dr. med. Dipl. Psych. Susanne Walitza

  2. Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim, Deutschland

    Prof. Dr. Dr. Tobias Banaschewski & Dr. med. Alexander Häge

Authors
  1. Prof. Dr. med. Dipl. Psych. Susanne Walitza
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  2. Prof. Dr. Dr. Tobias Banaschewski
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  3. Dr. med. Alexander Häge
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Susanne Walitza .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hammelburg, Deutschland

    Manfred Gerlach

  2. Privatklinik für Seelische Gesundheit, Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene, HEMERA Klinik, Bad Kissingen, Deutschland

    Claudia Mehler-Wex

  3. Zentrum für Psychische Gesundheit, Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie, Würzburg, Deutschland

    Marcel Romanos

  4. Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz

    Susanne Walitza

  5. KIRINUS Tagesklinik Nymphenburg, München, Deutschland

    Christoph Wewetzer

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© 2023 Der/die Autor(en), exklusiv lizenziert an Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE, ein Teil von Springer Nature

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Walitza, S., Banaschewski, T., Häge, A. (2023). Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörung. In: Gerlach, M., Mehler-Wex, C., Romanos, M., Walitza, S., Wewetzer, C. (eds) Neuro-/Psychopharmaka im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65267-1_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65267-1_12

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