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Balancierende Selektion

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Molekulare Populationsgenetik

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Zusammenfassung

Eine Form der Selektion, nämlich die balancierende Selektion, kann die Erhaltung adaptiver Varianten eines Merkmals fördern und somit zum Erhalt von Diversität am selektierten Locus führen. Dabei können verschiedene vorteilhafte Varianten über lange Zeiträume hinweg erhalten werden und sogar über Artbildungsprozesse hinaus bestehen. Diese stabilen Polymorphismen können durch verschiedene Formen der balancierenden Selektion ausgeprägt werden, die wir in diesem Kapitel besprechen wollen. Ähnlich wie die positiv gerichtete Selektion, kann balancierende Selektion hitchhiking-Effekte auf benachbarte Regionen des Genoms ausüben. Im Gegenteil zum selective sweep führt dies jedoch zur Erhöhung der Diversität in diesen Regionen. Diese und andere Auswirkungen der balancierenden Selektion kann man sich zu Nutze machen, um das Wirken dieser Form von Selektion in Genomen nachzuweisen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biozentrum Martinsried, Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Deutschland

    Wolfgang Stephan

  2. Fachbereich Biowissenschaften, Universität Salzburg, Salzburg, Österreich

    Anja C. Hörger

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  1. Wolfgang Stephan
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  2. Anja C. Hörger
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Correspondence to Wolfgang Stephan .

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Stephan, W., Hörger, A.C. (2019). Balancierende Selektion. In: Molekulare Populationsgenetik. Springer Spektrum, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59428-5_9

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