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Schlaf bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

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Schlafstörungen

Part of the book series: Psychotherapie: Praxis ((ÜSÜR))

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Zusammenfassung

Der Schlaf von Erwachsenen beginnt typischerweise mit dem NREM-Schlaf (Leichtschlafstadium, Tiefschlaf), an den sich nach etwa 90–120 min die erste REM-Schlafperiode anschließt. Danach wechseln sich NREM- und REM-Schlafzyklen mehrmals pro Nacht ab. Der Schlaf von Neugeborenen hingegen beginnt mit einer REM-Schlafperiode, daran anschließend folgt der NREM-Schlaf. Nach der Geburt macht der REM-Schlafanteil etwa 50% des gesamten Säuglingsschlafes aus, sinkt aber in den ersten 2 Jahren auf etwa 20–25% ab. Dieser Wert bleibt dann bis ins hohe Alter konstant (Carscadon u. Dement 2011). Kinder schlafen insgesamt länger als Erwachsene, verbringen somit mehr Zeit im REM-Schlaf, was auch bedeuten kann, dass sie mehr träumen. Genügend und ungestört schlafen zu können ist für eine gesunde Entwicklung sowohl des Körpers als auch der Psyche von Kindern und Jugendlichen sehr wichtig. Doch nicht nur in der Physiologie, sondern auch bei der Entstehung und bei der Behandlung von gestörtem Schlaf gibt es einige grundlegende Unterschiede zwischen Erwachsenen und Kindern.

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  1. Institut für Bewusstseins- und Traumforschung, Wien, Österreich

    Brigitte Holzinger

  2. Univ. Klinik für Neurologie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich

    Gerhard Klösch

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Holzinger, B., Klösch, G. (2018). Schlaf bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. In: Schlafstörungen. Psychotherapie: Praxis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54668-0_11

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