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Neuropsychopharmacology of Opiate Dependence

  • Chapter
Neurobiological Mechanisms of Opiate Withdrawal

Part of the book series: Neuroscience Intelligence Unit ((NIU.LANDES))

Abstract

Opiate drugs are powerful and widely-used analgesic agents. However, their chronic administration is limited by the development of tolerance, indicated by a lowered responsiveness to the drug, coupled with dependence which is evidenced by a heightened responsiveness to opiate antagonists and disturbances upon withdrawal of drugs. These phenomena result from cellular and molecular mechanisms, considered as adaptive processes that develop in response to repeated administration of the drugs, and persist long after the drug has been cleared from the central nervous system. Two types of mechanisms have been proposed to account for these processes: a within-adaptive system and/or a between-adaptive system.1−4

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmacochimie Moléculaire et Structurale, Paris, France

    Rafael Maldonado M.D., Ph.D.

  2. Université de Bordeaux II, Bordeaux Cédex, France

    Luis Stinus Ph.D.

  3. The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA

    George F. Koob Ph.D.

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Maldonado, R., Stinus, L., Koob, G.F. (1996). Neuropsychopharmacology of Opiate Dependence. In: Neurobiological Mechanisms of Opiate Withdrawal. Neuroscience Intelligence Unit. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22218-8_5

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