Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Prokaryotes as Plant Pathogens

  • Chapter
The Prokaryotes

Abstract

The phytopathogenic bacteria are, in the main, rather ordinary bacteria. They are exceptional primarily in their ecological relationships: They live in and around plants in which they cause infectious diseases. Most kinds of plants are subject to one or more such diseases, which range in economic importance from considerable to negligible.

“und sehe dass wir nichts wissen können” Goethe

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature Cited

  • Ark, P. A. 1937. Variability in the fire-blight organism, Erwinia amylovora. Phytopathology 27:1–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Auger, J. G., Shalla, T. A. 1975. The use of fluorescent antibodies for detection of Pierce’s disease bacteria in grapevines and insect vectors. Phytopathology 65:493–494.

    Google Scholar 

  • Auger, J. G., Shalla, T. A., Kado, C. I. 1974. Pierce’s disease of grapevines: Evidence for a bacterial etiology. Science 184:1372–1377.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergey, D. H., Harrison, F. C., Breed, R. S., Hammer, B. W., Huntoon, F. M. 1923. Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, 1st ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradbury, J. F. 1970. Aplanobacter populi. C.M.I. descriptions of pathogenic fungi and bacteria, set no. 231. Kew, Surrey, England: Commonwealth Mycological Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breed, R. S., Murray, E. G. D., Hitchens, A. P. (eds.). 1948. Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, 6th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Breed, R. S., Murray, E. G. D., Smith, N. R. (eds.). 1957. Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, 7th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buchanan, R. E., Gibbons, N. E. (eds.). 1974. Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, 8th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burkholder, W. H. 1930. The genus Phytomonas. Phytopathology 20:1–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burkholder, W. H. 1939. The taxonomy and nomenclature of the phytopathogenic bacteria. Phytopathology 29:128–136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burkholder, W. H. 1948. Bacteria as plant pathogens. Annual Review of Microbiology 2:389–412.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burrill, T. J. 1882. The bacteria: An account of their nature and effects, together with a systematic description of the species. Illinois Industrial University, 11th Report: 93–157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Callaham, D., Torrey, J. G., Del Tredici, P. 1978. Isolation and cultivation of the actinomycete causing root nodulation in Comptonia. Science 199:899–902.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carter, W. 1962. Insects in relation to plant disease. New York: Interscience.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conn, H. J., Dimmick, I. 1947. Soil bacteria similar in morphology to Mycobacterium and Cory nebacterium. Journal of Bacteriology 54:291–303.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corbaz, R. 1964. Étude des streptomycètes provoquant la gale commune de la pomme de terre. Phytopathologische Zeitschrift 51:351–360.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cother, E. J., Darbyshire, B., Brewer, J. 1976. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Cause of internal brown rot of onion. Phytopathology 66:828–834.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crosse, J. E. 1971. Interactions between saprophytic and pathogenic bacteria in plant disease, pp. 283–290. In: Preece, T. F., Dickinson, C. H. (eds.), Ecology of leaf surface micro-organisms. London, New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, M. J., Purcell, A. H., Thompson, S. V. 1978. Pierce’s disease of grapevines: Isolation of the causal bacterium. Science 199:75–77.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, C. H., Preece, T. F. (eds.). 1976. Microbiology of aerial plant surfaces. London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, R. O. D. 1969. Rhizobia (with particular reference to the relationships with host plants). Annual Review of Microbiology 23:137–158.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dowson, W. J. 1939. On the systematic position and generic names of the Gram negative bacterial plant pathogens. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie u.s.w., Abt. 2 100:177–193.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dowson, W. J. 1942. On the generic name of the Gram-positive bacterial plant pathogens. Transactions of the British Myco-logical Society 25:311–314.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dowson, W. J. 1943. On the generic names Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas and Bacterium for certain bacterial plant pathogens. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 26:4–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dowson, W. J. 1949. Manual of bacterial plant diseases. London: Adam & Charles Black.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dowson, W. J. 1957. Plant diseases due to bacteria. Cambridge: University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elliott, C. 1930. Manual of bacterial plant pathogens. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elliott, C. 1937. The genus Phytomonas. Phytopathology 27:1181–1182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elliott, C. 1943. Recent developments in the classification of bacterial plant pathogens. The Botanical Review 9:655–666.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elliott, C. 1951. Manual of bacterial plant pathogens, 2nd ed. Waltham, Massachusetts: Chronica Botanica.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ewing, W. H., Fife, M. A. 1972. Enterobacter agglomerans (Beijerinck) comb. nov. (the herbicola-lathyri bacteria). International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 22:4–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, A. 1897. Vorlesungen über Bakterien. Jena: Gustav Fischer Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, A. 1899. Die Bakterienkrankheiten der Pflanzen. Antwort an Herrn Dr. Erwin F. Smith, Assistant Pathologist, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. Centralblatt für Bakteriologie u.s.w., Abt. 2 5:279–287.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, A. 1900. The structure and functions of bacteria. [Translation of the 1897 German edition.] Oxford: Clarendon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gelbart, S. M., Reinhardt, G. F., Greenlee, H. B. 1976. Pseudomonas cepacia strains isolated from water reservoirs of unheated nebulizers. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 3:62–66.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gibbins, L. N. 1972. Relationships between pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacterial inhabitants of aerial plant surfaces, pp. 15–24. In: Maas Geesteranus, H. P. (ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. Wageningen: Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gillaspie, A. G., Flax, G., Koika, H. 1976. Relationship between numbers of diagnostic bacteria and injury by ratoon stunting in sugarcane. Plant Disease Reporter 60:573–575.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodfellow, M., Minnikin, D. E. 1977. Nocardioform bacteria. Annual Review of Microbiology 31:159–180.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gorlenko, M. V. 1965. Bacterial diseases of plants, 2nd ed., revised and enlarged. [Translated from the 1961 Russian original.] Jerusalem: Israel Program for Scientific Translations.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goto, M. 1972. The significance of the vegetation for the survival of phytopathogenic bacteria, pp. 39–53. In: Maas Geesteranus, H. P. (ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. Wageningen: Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, T. R. G. 1976. Survival of vegetative microbes in soil, pp. 327–364. In: Gray, T. R. G., Postgate, J. R. (eds.), The survival of vegetative microbes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grimont, P. A. D., Grimont, F., Dulong de Rosnay, H. L. C., Sneath, P. H. A. 1977. Taxonomy of the genus Serratia. Journal of General Microbiology 98:39–66.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grimont, P. A. D., Grimont, F., Starr, M. P. 1978. Serratia proteamaculans (Paine and Stansfield) comb, nov., a senior subjective synonym of Serratia liquefaciens (Grimes and Hennerty) Bascomb et al. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 28:503–510.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grossowicz, N., Rasooly, G. 1972. Production and purification of L-asChapauginase from Erwinia carotovora, pp. 333–338. In: Teru, G. (ed.), Fermentation technology today. Proceedings of the IVth International Fermentation Symposium. Tokyo: Society of Fermentation Technology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall, R. 1974. Pathogenism and Chapausitism as concepts of symbiotic relationships. Phytopathology 64:576–577.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hampton, R. O., Florance, E. R., Whitcomb, R. F., Seidler, R. J. 1976. Evidence suggesting nonassociation of mycoplasmas with pea disease. Phytopathology 66:1163–1168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hine, R. B. 1976. Epidemiology of pink disease of pineapple fruit. Phytopathology 66:323–327.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hopkins, D. L. 1977. Diseases caused by leafhopper-borne, rickettsia-like bacteria. Annual Review of Phytopathology 17:277–294.

    Google Scholar 

  • Imbs, M. A., Bene, R., Girard, T., Goulon, C., Dixneuf, P. 1977. Taxonomie numerique des bactéries du genre Erwinia. Microbia 3:3–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Israilski, W. P. 1955. Bakterielle Pflanzenkrankheiten. [Translation of the 1952 Russian edition.] Berlin: Deutscher Bauernverlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeanes, A. 1974. Applications of extracellular microbial polysaccharide-polyelectrolytes: Review of literature, including patents. Journal of Polymer Science, Polymer Symposium No. 45:209–227.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, J. R. 1911. Is Bacillus coli ever a plant Chapausite? Phytopathology 1:98–99.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, L. R. 1939. Biographical memoir of Erwin Frink Smith, 1854–1927. Washington, D.C.: The National Academy of Sciences. [Biographical Memoirs, National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. XXI, First Memoir, pp. 1–71.]

    Google Scholar 

  • Kawamoto, S. O., Lorbeer, J. W. 1974. Infection of onion leaves by Pseudomonas cepacia. Phytopathology 64:1440–1445.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knösel, D., Nimitan, E. 1976. In vitro -Versuche über extrazelluläre proteolytische Aktivität bei Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Zusammenhang mit phytopathologischen Untersuchungen. Zeitschrift für Allgemeine Mikrobiologie 16: 609–614.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, D. A., Starr, M. P. 1962. Developmental morphology of Corynebacterium poinsettiae. Bacteriological Proceedings 1962:46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, R., Starr, M. P., Kuhn, D. A., Bauer, H., Knackmuss, H.-J. 1965. Indigoidine and other bacterial pigments related to 3,3′-bipyridyl. Archiv für Mikrobiologie 51:71–84.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Labruyère, R. E. 1971. Common scab and its control in seed-potato crops, pp. 1–71. Mededeling No. 575, Instituut voor Plantenziektenkundig Onderzoek, Wageningen, Nederland. [Also published as Agricultural Research Reports, No. 767.]

    Google Scholar 

  • Latorre-Guzman, B. A., Kado, C. I., Kunkee, R. E. 1977. Lactobacillus hordniae, a new species from the leafhopper (Hordnia circellata). International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 27:362–370.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leben, C. 1965. Epiphytic microorganisms in relation to plant disease. Annual Review of Phytopathology 3:209–230.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lippincott, J. A., Lippincott, B. B. 1975. The genus Agrobacterium and plant tumorigenesis. Annual Review of Microbiology 29:377–405.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maas Geesteranus, H. P. (ed.). 1972. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. Wageningen: Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maramorosch, K. 1974. Mycoplasmas and rickettsiae in relation to plant diseases. Annual Review of Microbiology 28:301–324.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, S. M., Skerman, V. B. D. (eds.). 1972. World directory of collections of cultures of microorganisms. New York: Wiley-Interseience.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, T. D., Schroth, M. N. 1972. Monitoring the epiphytic population of Erwinia amylovora on pear with a selective medium. Phytopathology 62:1175–1182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mundt, J. O., Hinkle, N. F. 1976. Bacteria within ovules and seeds. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 32:694–698.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murata, N., Starr, M. P. 1973. A concept of the genus Xanthomonas and its species in the light of segmental homology of deoxyribonucleic acids. Phytopathologische Zeitschrift 77:285–323.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newton, J. W., Herman, A. I. 1979. Isolation of cyanobacteria from the aquatic fern, Azolla. Archives of Microbiology 120:161–165.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oldfield, G. N., Kaloostian, G. H., Pierce, H. D., Calavan, E. C., Granett, A. L., Blue, R. L., Rana, G. L., Gumpf, D. J. 1977. Transmission of Spiroplasma citri from citrus to citrus by Scaphytopius nitridus. Phytopathology 67:763–765.

    Google Scholar 

  • Palleroni, N. J., Doudoroff, M. 1972. Some properties and taxonomic subdivisions of the genus Pseudomonas. Annual Review of Phytopathology 10:73–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prebble, J. 1969. The carotenoids of Corynebacterium fascians strain 2Y. Journal of General Microbiology 52:15–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Purcell, A. H., Latorre-Guzman, B. A., Kado, C. I., Goheen, A. C., Shalla, T. A. 1977. Reinvestigation of the role of a lactobacillus associated with leafhopper vectors of Pierce’s disease of grapevines. Phytopathology 67:298–301.

    Google Scholar 

  • Randies, J. W., Boccardo, G., Retuerma, M. L., Rillo, E. P. 1977. Transmission of the RNA species associated with cadang-cadang of coconut palm, and the insensitivity of the disease to antibiotics. Phytopathology 67:1211–1216.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rangaswami, G. 1962. Bacterial plant diseases in India. Bombay: Asia Publishing House.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ridé, M., Ridé, S. 1979. The causal agent of the bacterial canker of poplar (ex Aplanobacter populi Ridé): Xanthomonas populi or Xanthomonas campestris pathovar populi?, pp. 365–370. In: Station de Pathologie Végétale et Phytobactériologie (eds.), Proceedings of the IVth International Conference on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria [Angers, 1978]. Beaucouzé: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, P. 1974. Erwinia rhapontici (Millard) Burkholder associated with pink grain of wheat. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 37:353–358.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodgers, A. D. 1952. Erwin Frink Smith. A story of North American plant pathology. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rohrbach, K. G., Pfeiffer, J. B. 1975. The field induction of bacterial pink disease in pineapple fruit. Phytopathology 65:803–805.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rohrbach, K. G., Pfeiffer, J. B. 1976. The interaction of four bacteria causing pink disease of pineapple with several pineapple cultivars. Phytopathology 66:396–399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sampaio, M. J. A. M., Rai, A. N., Rowell, P., Stewart, W. D. P. 1979. Occurrence, synthesis and activity of glutamine synthetase in N2-fixing lichens. FEMS Microbiology Letters 6:107–110.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saperstein, S., Starr, M. P., Filfus, J. A. 1954. Alterations in carotenoid synthesis accompanying mutation in Corynebacterium michiganense. Journal of General Microbiology 10:85–92.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Savastano, L. 1886. Les maladies de l’olivier; hyperplasies et tumeurs. Comptes Rendus de la Academie des Sciences (Paris) 103:1278–1281.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schneierson, S. S., Bottone, E. J. 1973. Erwinia infections in man. CRC Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences 4:341–355.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schuster, M. L., Coyne, D. P. 1974. Survival mechanisms of phytopathogenic bacteria. Annual Review of Phytopathology 12:199–221.

    Google Scholar 

  • Segali, R. H. 1971. Selective medium for enumerating Erwinia species commonly found in vegetable packinghouse waters. Phytopathology 61:425–426.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. F. 1895. Bacillus tracheiphilus sp. nov., die Ursache des Verwelkens verschiedener Curcurbitaceen. Centralblatt für Bakteriologie u.s.w., Abt. 2 1:364–373.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. F. 1896. A bacterial disease of the tomato, eggplant, and Irish potato (Bacillus solanacearum n. sp.). U. S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Vegetable Physiology and Pathology, Bulletin 12:1–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. F. 1897. Pseudomonas campestris (Pammel). The cause of a brown rot in cruciferous plants. Centralblatt für Bakteriologie u.s.w., Abt. 2 3:284–291.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. F. 1899a. Are there bacterial diseases of plants? A consideration of some statements in Dr. Alfred Fischer’s Vorlesungen über Bakterien. Centralblatt für Bakteriologie u.s.w., Abt. 2 5:271–278.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. F. 1899b. Dr. Alfred Fischer in the rôle of pathologist. Centralblatt für Bakteriologie u.s.w., Abt. 2 5:810–817.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. 1901. Entgegnung auf Alfred Fischer’s “Antwort” in betreff der Existenz von durch Bakterien verursachten Pflanzenkrankheiten. II. Centralblatt für Bakteriologie u.s.w., Abt. 2 7:88–100, 128–138, 190–199.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. F. 1905. Bacteria in relation to plant diseases, vol. 1. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. F. 1911. Bacteria in relation to plant diseases, vol. 2. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. F. 1914. Bacteria in relation to plant diseases, vol. 3. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, E. F. 1920. An introduction to bacterial diseases of plants. Philadelphia, London: W. B. Saunders.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stankewich, J. P., Cosenza, B. J., Shigo, A. L. 1971. Clostridium quercicolum sp. n., isolated from discolored tissues in living oak trees. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Journal of Microbiology and Serology 37:299–302.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stapp, C. 1956. Bakterielle Krankheiten. Sorauer, P., (ed.), Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten, vol. 2. Berlin, Hamburg: Verlag Paul Parey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stapp, C. 1958. Pflanzenpathogene Bakterien. Berlin, Hamburg: Verlag Paul Parey.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starr, G. H., Kercher, C. J. 1969. Passage of Pseudomonas phaseolicola in bean plants through sheep. Phytopathology 59:1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P. 1959. Bacteria as plant pathogens. Annual Review of Microbiology 13:211–238.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P. 1963. Problems peculiar to a collection of phyto-pathogenic bacteria, pp. 131–134. In: Culture collections: Problems and perspectives. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P. 1970. Curatorial problems peculiar to an international collection of phytopathogenic bacteria, pp. 69–71. In: Iizuka, H., Hasegawa, T. (eds.), Culture Collection of Microorganisms. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P. 1975a. A generalized scheme for classifying organismic associations. Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology 29:1–20.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P. 1975b. Bdellovibrio as symbiont: The associations of bdellovibrios with other bacteria interpreted in terms of a generalized scheme for classifying organismic associations. Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology 29: 93–124.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P. 1975c. [Book review of] “Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, eighth edition”. ASM News 41:843–846.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P. 1979. Plant-associated bacteria as human pathogens: Disciplinai insularity, ambilateral harmfulness, epistemological primacy. Annals of Internal Medicine 90:708–710.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P., Chatterjee, A. K. 1972. The genus Erwinia: Enterobacteria pathogenic to plants and animals. Annual Review of Microbiology 25:389–426.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P., Cosens, G., Knackmuss, H.-J. 1966. Formation of the blue pigment indigoidine by phytopathogenic Erwinia. Applied Microbiology 14:870–872.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P., Jenkins, C. L., Bussey, L. B., Andrewes, A. G. 1977. Chemotaxonomic significance of the xanthomonadins, novel brominated aryl-polyene pigments produced by bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas. Archives of Microbiology 113:1–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P., Mandel, M., Murata, N. 1975. The phytopatho-genic coryneform bacteria in the light of DNA base composition and DNA-DNA segmental homology. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology 21:13–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Starr, M. P., Saperstein, S. 1953. Thiamine and the carotenoid pigments of Corynebacterium poinsettiae. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 43:157–168.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Station de Pathologie Végétale et Phytobactériologie (eds.). 1979. Proceedings of the IVth International Conference on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria [Angers, 1978]. Beaucouzé: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strobel, G. A. 1977. Bacterial Phytotoxins. Annual Review of Microbiology 31:205–224.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tenne, F. D., Foor, S. R., Sinclair, J. B. 1977. Association of Bacillus subtilis with soybean seeds. Seed Science and Technology 5:763–769.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tully, J. B., Whitcomb, R. F., Clark, H. F., Williamson, D. L. 1977. Pathogenic mycoplasmas: Cultivation and vertebrate pathogenicity of a new spiroplasma. Science 195:892–894.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • U. S. Department of Agriculture. 1960. Index of plant diseases in the United States. Washington, D.C.: U. S. Government Printing Office.

    Google Scholar 

  • Volcani, Z. 1949. A disease on green sweet pepper fruits caused by Bacillus polymyxa. Palestine Journal of Botany, Rehovot Series 7:142–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Graevenitz, A. 1973. Clinical microbiology of unusual Pseudomonas species, pp. 185–218. In: Stefanini, M. (ed.), Progress in clinical pathology, vol. V. New York: Grune & Stratton.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Graevenitz, A. 1977. The role of opportunistic bacteria in human disease. Annual Review of Microbiology 31: 447–471.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wakker, J. H. 1883. Vorlaüfige Mittheilungen über Hyacinthen-krankheiten. Botanisches Centralblatt 14:315–317.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waksman, S. A. 1959. Causation of plant diseases, pp. 265–276. In: Nature, occurrence, and activities. The actinomycetes, vol. 1, chapter 18. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waldee, E. L. 1945. ComChapautive studies of some peritrichous phytopathogenic bacteria. Iowa State College Journal of Science 19:435–484.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weaver, L., Teakle, D. S., Hayward, A. C. 1977. Ultrastructural studies on the bacterium associated with ratoon stunting disease of sugarcane. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 28:843–852.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitcomb, R. F., Tully, J. G. (eds.). 1979. Plant and insect mycoplasmas. The mycoplasmas, vol. III. New York, San Francisco, London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winslow, C.-E. A., Broadhurst, J., Buchanan, R. E., Krumwiede, C., Jr., Rogers, L. A., Smith, G. H. 1917. The families and genera of the bacteria. Preliminary report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. Journal of Bacteriology 2:505–566.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Winslow, C.-E. A., Broadhurst, J., Buchanan, R. E., Krumwiede, C., Jr., Rogers, L. A., Smith, G. H. 1920. The families and genera of the bacteria. Final report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. Journal of Bacteriology 5:191–229.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, C., Kominos, S.D., Yee, R. B. 1976. Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from vegetable salads. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 31:453–454.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamada, K., Komagata, K. 1972. Taxonomic studies on coryneform bacteria. V Classification of coryneform bacteria. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology 18:417–431.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeikus, J. G., Henning, D. L. 1975. Methanobacterium arbophilicum sp. nov. An obligate anaerobe isolated from wetwood of living trees. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Journal of Microbiology and Serology 41:543–552.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Mortimer P. Starr
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bacteriology, University of California, 95616, Davis, California, USA

    Mortimer P. Starr

  2. Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Universität Bayreuth, 8580, Bayreuth, Federal Republic of Germany

    Heinz Stolp

  3. Institut für Mikrobiologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, 5300, Bonn 1, Federal Republic of Germany

    Hans G. Trüper

  4. Bacteriology Division, Centers for Disease Control, 30333, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Albert Balows

  5. Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Göttingen, 3400, Göttingen, Federal Republic of Germany

    Hans G. Schlegel

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1981 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Starr, M.P. (1981). Prokaryotes as Plant Pathogens. In: Starr, M.P., Stolp, H., Trüper, H.G., Balows, A., Schlegel, H.G. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13187-9_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13187-9_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-13189-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-13187-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation