Skip to main content

Aroma Substances

  • Chapter
Food Chemistry

Abstract

When food is consumed, the interaction of taste, odor and textural feeling provides an overall sensation which is best defined by the English word “flavor”. German and some other languages do not have an adequate expression for such a broad and comprehensive term. Flavor results from compounds that are divided into two broad classes: Those responsible for taste and those responsible for odors, the latter often designated as aroma substances. However, there are compounds which provide both sensations.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literature

  • Acree, T.E., Barnard, J., Cunningham, D. G.: A procedure for the sensory analysis of gas chromatographic effluents. Food Chem. 14, 273 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adda, J., Richard, H. (Eds.): International symposium on food flavors. Technique et Documentation ( Lavoisier ): Paris. 1983

    Google Scholar 

  • Beets, M.G.J.: Structure — activity relationships in human chemoreception. Applied Science Publ.: London. 1978

    Google Scholar 

  • Beyeler, M., Solms, J.: Interaction of flavour model compounds with soy protein and bovine serum albumin. Lebens. Wiss. Technol. 7, 217 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blank, I., Grosch, W: Evaluation of potent odorants in dill seed and dill herb (Anethum graveolens L.) by aroma extract dilution analysis. J. Food Sci. 56, 63 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blank, I., Sen, A., Grosch, W: Sensory study on the character-impact flavor compounds of dill herb (Anethum graveolens L.) Food Chem. 43, 337 (1992)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buttery, R. G., Haddon, W. E, Seifert, R. M., Turnbaugh, J. G.: Thiamin odor and bis(2-methyl-3furyl)disulfide. J. Agric. Food Chem. 32, 674 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buttery, R. G., Teranishi, R., Ling, L. C., Turnbaugh, J. G.: Quantitative and sensory studies on tomato paste volatiles. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38, 336 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Charalambous, G., Inglett, G. E. (Eds.): Flavor of foods and beverages. Academic Press: New York. 1978

    Google Scholar 

  • Charalambous, G., Katz, I. (Eds.): Phenolic, sulfur, and nitrogen compounds in food flavors. ACS Symposium Series 26, American Chemical Society: Washington, D.C. 1976

    Google Scholar 

  • Drawert, E: Geruch-und Geschmackstoffe. Verlag Hans Carl: Nürnberg. 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Emberger, R.: Möglichkeiten des Aufbaus natürlicher und synthetischer Aromen. Lebensmittelchem. Gerichtl. Chem. 34, 149 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  • Engel, K.-H., Flath, R. A., Buttery, R. G., Mon, T.R., Ramming, D. W, Teranishi, R.: Investigation of volatile constituents in nectarines. 1. Analytical and sensory characterization of aroma components in some nectarine cultivars. J. Agric. Food Chem. 36, 549 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fenaroli, G.: Handbook of flavor ingredients. 2nd edn., Vol. I and II, CRC Press: Cleveland, Ohio. 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Frijters, J. E.R.: A critical analysis of the odour unit number and its use. Chem. Senses Flavour 3, 227 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grosch, W: Analyse von Aromastoffen. Chem. unserer Zeit 24, 82 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guichard, E., Fournier, N.: Enantiomeric ratios of sotolon in different media and sensory differentiation of the pure enantiomers. Poster at the EURO FOOD, CHEM VI, Hamburg, 1991

    Google Scholar 

  • Heath, H. B., Reineccius, G.: Flavor chemistry and technology. AVI Publ. Comp., Inc., Westport, Connecticut, 1986

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Jennings, W. G., Filsoof, M.: Comparison of sample preparation techniques for gas chromatographic analyses. J. Agric. Food Chem. 25, 440 (1977)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laing, D. G., Wilcox, M. E.: Perception of components in binary odour mixtures. Chem. Senses 7, 249 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Land, D.G., Nursten, H.E. (Eds.): Progress in flavour research. Applied Science Publ.: London. 1979

    Google Scholar 

  • Larsen, M., Poll, L.: Odour thresholds of some important aroma compounds in raspberries. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch. 191, 129 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Leffingwell, J.C., Leffingwell, D.: GRAS flavor chemicals-detection thresholds. Perfumer and Flavorist 16 (1), 1 (1991)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maarse, H. (Ed.): Volatile compounds in foods and beverages, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York. 1991

    Google Scholar 

  • Maarse, H., Belz, R. (Eds.): Isolation, separation and identification of volatile compounds in aroma research. Akademie-Verlag: Berlin. 1981

    Google Scholar 

  • Maarse, H., Visscher, C. A. (Eds.): Volatile compounds in food. Qualitative and quantitative data. 6th edn. with supplements 1, TNO-CIVO Food Analysis Institute: Zeist, The Netherlands. 1990

    Google Scholar 

  • Maier, H. G.: Zur Bindung flüchtiger Aromastoffe an Proteine. Dtsch. Lebensm. Rundsch. 70, 349 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McNulty, P. B., Karel, M.: Factors affecting flavour release and uptake in 0/W-emulsions. J. Food Technol, 8, 319 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morton, I.D., MacLeod, A.J. (Eds.): Food Flavours. Part A. Introduction. Part B. The flavour of beverages. Part C. The flavour of fruits. Elsevier Scientific Publ. Co.: Amsterdam. 1982, 1986, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  • Mosandl, A., Heusinger, G., Gessner, M.: Analytical and sensory differentiation of 1-octen-3-ol enantiomers. J. Agric. Food Chem. 34, 119 (1986)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mosandl, A.: Chirality in flavor chemistry-recent developments in synthesis and analysis. Food Rev. Internat. 4, 1 (1988)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mosandl, A.: Neue Ergebnisse der Aromastoff-Forschung. Lebensmittelchemie 45, 2 (1991)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naim, M., Striem, B.J., Kanner, J., Peleg, H.: Potential of ferulic acid as a precursor to off-flavors in stored orange juice. J. Food Sci. 53, 500 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nursten, H. E.: Developments in research on the flavour of foods. Res. Food Sci. Nutr. 4, 183 (1984)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohloff, G.: Riechstoffe and Geruchssinn. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 1990

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohloff, G.: Recent developments in the field of naturally occurring aroma components. Fortschr. Chem. Org. Naturst. 35, 431 (1978)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohloff, G.: Bifunctional unit concept in flavour chemistry. In: Flavour ‘81 (Ed.: Schreier, P. ), p. 757, Walter de Gruyter: Berlin. 1981

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohloff, G., Flament, I.: The role of heteroatomic substances in the aroma compounds of foodstuffs. Fortschr. Chem. Org. Naturst. 36, 231 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohloff, G., Flament, I., Pickenhagen, W: Flavor chemistry. Food Rev. Int. 1, 99 (1985)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parliment, T.H. Scarpellino, R.: Organoleptic techniques in chromatographic food flavor analysis. J. Agric. Food Chem. 25, 97 (1977)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Piendl, A.: Brauereitechnologie and Molekularbiologic. Brauwissenschaft 22, 175 (1969)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reineccius, G.A.: Off-flavors in foods. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 29, 381 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Risch, S. J., Reineccius, G.A. (Eds.): Flavor encapsulation. ACS Symp. Ser. 370 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rizzi, P.: The biogenesis of food-related pyrazines. Food Rev. Internat. 4, 375 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schieberle, P.: Primary odorants in popcorn. J. Agric. Food Chem. 39, 1141 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schieberle, P.: The role of free amino acids present in yeast as precursors of the odorants 2-acetyl-1pyrroline and 2-acetyltetrahydropyridine in wheat bread crust. Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch. 191, 206 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schreier, P.: Chromatographic studies of biogenesis of plant volatiles. Dr. Alfred Hüthig Verlag: Heidelberg. 1984

    Google Scholar 

  • Silberzahn, W: Aromen, in: Taschenbuch fur Lebensmittelchemiker and -technologen (Frede, W, Ed.), Band 1, Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 1991

    Google Scholar 

  • Solms, J.: Aromastoffe als Liganden. In: Geruch-und Geschmackstoffe (Ed.: Drawert, E ), S. 201, Verlag Hans Carl: Nürnberg. 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Teranishi, R., Buttery, R. G., Shahidi, E (Eds.): Flavor chemistry — Trends and Developments. ACS Symp. Ser. 388 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ter Heide, R., de Valois, P. J., Visser, J., Jaegers, P.P., Timmer, R.: Concentration and identification of trace constituents in alcoholic beverages. In: Analysis of foods and beverages — Headspace techniques (Ed.: Charalambous, G. ), p. 249, Academic Press: New York. 1978

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Tressl, R., Helak, B., Martin, N., Kersten, E.: Formation of amino acid specific Maillard products and their contribution to thermally generated aromas. ACS Symp. Ser. 409, 156 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  • Tressl, R.: Probleme bei der Beurteilung von natürlichen Aromen. Lebensmittelchem. Gerichtl. Chem. 34, 47 (1980)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vernin, G. (Ed.): Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds in flavours and aromas. Ellis Horwood Publ.: Chichester. 1982

    Google Scholar 

  • Werkhoff, P., Bretschneider, W, Herrmann, H.-J., Schreiber, K.: Fortschritte in der Aromastoff-Analytik (1–9). Labor Praxis (1989) S. 306, 426, 514, 616, 766, 874, 1002, 1121 and (1990) S. 51

    Google Scholar 

  • Werkhoff, E, Brüning, J., Emberger, R., Güntert, M., Köpsel, M., Kuhn, W, Surburg, H.: Isolation and characterization of volatile sulfur-containing meat flavor components in model systems. J. Agric. Food Chem. 38, 777 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, P. J., Strauss, C.R., Wilson, B., MassyWestropp, R. A.: Novel monoterpene disaccharide glycosides of Vitis vinifera grapes and wines. Phytochemistry 21, 2013 (1982)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ziegler, E.: Die natürlichen and künstlichen Aromen. Dr. Alfred Hüthig Verlag: Heidelberg. 1982

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Belitz, HD., Grosch, W. (1999). Aroma Substances. In: Food Chemistry. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07281-3_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07281-3_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-64692-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-07281-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics