Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The biosynthesis of wall material

  • Chapter
Aufbau · Speicherung · Mobilisierung und Umbildung der Kohlenhydrate / Formation · Storage · Mobilization and Transformation of Carbohydrates

  • 250 Accesses

Abstract

The problems involved in the biosynthesis of wall materials and their derivatives have long been under consideration, but it is only in comparatively recent times that any marked advance has been made in their solution. It is necessary here therefore to review in the main only the more recent literature. The number and types of substances involved are many and complex; as shown elsewhere in this volume1 they may somewhat arbitrarily be divided into four groups: (a) cellulose, (b) hemicelluloses, (c) pectic substances, (d) lignin, though (b) and (c) may be grouped together as polyuronides. Other substances occur in specialised tissue-cutin, suberin, waxy deposits etc.-but these will not be considered at this time2. It will be clear that the synthesis of such an organised body as the cell wall involves more than the chemical synthesis of each molecular species, for account has to be taken also of both the precise physical form in each and of their mutual arrangement. This renders problems of synthesis highly complex and it is for this reason, coupled with the necessity to await the structural determination of the synthesised substances on the one hand and the development of the requisite knowledge of enzyme behaviour and kinetics on the other, that as yet so little has been acheived.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature

  • Barker, S. E., and E. J. Bourne: Enzymic synthesis of polysaccharides. Quart. Rev. 7, 56–83 (1953).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barker, S. E., E. J. Bourne and M. Stacey: The synthesis of β-linked glucosaccharides by Aspergillus niger (Strain 152). Chem. a. Ind. 1953, 1287.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennet, M. C., and Sir Eric Rideal: Membrane behaviour in Nitella. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. 142, 483 (1954).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blank, F., and A. Frey-Wyssling: Protoplasmic growth during cell elongation. Ann. of Bot., N. S. 8, 71 (1944).

    Google Scholar 

  • Buston, W., and A. Jabbar: Synthesis of β-linked glucosaccharides by extracts of Chaetomium globosum. Biochim. et Biophysica Acta 15, 543 (1954).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Colowick, S. P., and N. O. Kaplan: Carbohydrate metabolism. Annual Rev. Biochem. 20, 511 (1951).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freudenberg, K., u. F. Bittner: Versuche mit Coniferylalkohol, der radioaktiven Kohlenstoff enthält. Ber. dtsch. chem. Ges. 86, 155–159 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Freudenberg, K., H. Reznik, H. Boesenberg u. D. Rasenack: Das an der Verholzung beteiligte Fermentsystem. Ber. dtsch. Chem. Ges. 85, 641–647 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frey-Wyssling, A.: Growth of plant cell walls. Symposia Soc. Exper. Biol. 6, 320–328 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  • Submicroscopic morphology of protoplasm 2. Aufl. Amsterdam: Elsevier Publ. Co. 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hestrin, S., M. Aschner and J. Maget: Synthesis of cellulose by resting cells of Acetobacter xylinum. Nature (Lond.) 159, 64 (1947).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hestrin, S., and M. Schramm: Preparation of freeze-dried cells capable of polymerising glucose to cellulose. Biochemic. J. 58, 345–352 (1954).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hibbert, H.: Lignin. Annual Rev, Biochem. 11, 183 (1942).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hinton, C. L.: The polyuronides. Annual. Rev. Biochem, 20, 67 (1951).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kent, P. W.: Chemical synthesis of hexose polymers. Biochemic. J. 55, 361 (1953).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kenten, R. H., and P, J. G. Mann: Hydrogen peroxide formation in oxidations catalysed by plant α-hydroxyacid oxidase. Biochemic, J. 52, 130 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mühlethaler, K.: Elcktronoptische Untersuchungen über den Feinbau von Gelen, Makromolekulare Chem. 2, 143–171 (1948).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • The structure of bacterial cellulose. Biochem. et Biophysica Acta 3, 527–535 (1949).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pacsu, E., and P. T, Mora: Polycondensation of d-glucose and other simple sugars in presence of acids, J. Amer. Chem, Soc, 72, 1045 (1950).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peat, S., W. S, Whelan and K. A. Hinson: Synthetic action of almond emulsin. Nature (Lond.) 170, 1056 (1952).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Preston, R. D.: The molecular architecture of plant cell walls. London: Chapman & Hall 1952.

    Google Scholar 

  • Preston, R. D., and C., S. Clarke: Wall structure and growth. II. Wall deposition in Avena coleoptiles, Proc. Leeds Phil. Soc, 4, 201 (1944).

    Google Scholar 

  • Preston, R, D., B. J, Cox and B. Beakbane: To be published (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  • Preston, R. D., and B, Kuyper: Electron microscopic investigation of the walls of green algae. I. A preliminary account of wall lamellation and deposition in Valonia ventricosa. J. of Exper. Bot. 2, 247–255 (1951).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Preston, R. D., E. Nicolai and B. Kuyper: Electron microscopic investigations of the walls of green algae. II. Cell wall/cytoplasm relationships in freeze-dried Valonia. J. of Exper. Bot. 4, 40–43 (1953).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schramm, M.: Synthesis of C14-labelled cellulose by a dry cell preparation of Acetobacter xylinum. Bull. Res. Council Israel A 5, No 1 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  • Schramm, M., Z. Gronet and S. Hestrin: Oxidation and transformation of sugars by preparations of Acetobacter xylinum. Bull. Res. Council Israel A 5, No 1 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  • Siegel, S. M.: On the biosynthesis of lignins. Physiol. Plantarum (Copenh.) 6, 134 (1953).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Studies on the biosynthesis of lignins. Physiol. Plantarum (Copenh.) 7, 41–50 (1954).

    Google Scholar 

  • The biochemistry of lignin formation. Physiol. Plantarum (Copenh.) 8, 20–32 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stecher, H.: Über das Flächenwachstum der pflanzlichen Zellwände. Mikroskopie (Wien) 7, 30–36 (1952).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wallenfels, K., u. E. Bernt: Über die gruppenübertragende Wirkung von disaccharidspaltenden Enzymen. Angew. Chem. 64, 28–29 (1952).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wardrop, A. B.: Organisation of the plant cell wall. Ph. D. Thesis, Leeds. 1949.

    Google Scholar 

  • The fine structure of the conifer tracheid. Austral. J. Sci. Res. 8, 12 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wightman, W.: Unpublished communication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, W., R. D. Preston and G. W.Ripley: A biophysical study of etiolated broad bean internodes. J. of Exper. Bot, 6, 451–457 (1955).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. R. D. Preston
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Plant Physiology, Royal Agricultural College, Uppsala 7, Sweden

    Börje Åberg (Professor of Plant Physiology and Anatomy) (Professor of Plant Physiology and Anatomy)

  2. Biology Department, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn 10, New York, USA

    Harry G. Albaum (Professor of Biology) (Professor of Biology)

  3. Botanisches Institut, Technischen Hochschule Stuttgart, Cannstatter Straße 212, Deutschland

    August Arnold

  4. Botany Department, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, S. Africa

    N. P. Badenhuizen

  5. Royal Holloway College, University of London, Englefield Green, Surrey, Great Britain

    E. J. Bourne (Professor of Chemistry) (Professor of Chemistry)

  6. Berlin-Frohnau, Forstweg 7, Deutschland

    Gerda Dangschat

  7. Mikrobiologisches Institut, Kgl. Landwirtschaftliche Hochschule, Uppsala 7, Sweden

    Gösta Fåhraeus

  8. Botanisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 170, Deutschland

    Hermann Fischer

  9. The University, Edgbaston, Birmingham 15, Great Britain

    A. B. Foster (Lecturer in Chemistry) (Lecturer in Chemistry)

  10. Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, Deutschland

    Joachim Goerdeler (Privatdozent) (Privatdozent)

  11. The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia

    Alfred Gottschalk M.D., D.Sc, F.R.A.C.I., F.R.I.C., F.A.A.

  12. University of California, Berkeley, USA

    W. Z. Hassid (Professor of Plant Biochemistry) (Professor of Plant Biochemistry)

  13. Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA

    Felix Haurowitz (Professor of Chemistry) (Professor of Chemistry)

  14. Botanisch Laboratorium, Grote Rozenstraat 31, Groningen, Nederlande

    R. J. Helder

  15. Institut für Chemische Technik, Technische Hochschule Karlsruhe, Kaiserstraße 12, Deutschland

    F. A. Henglein

  16. The University, Edinburgh, Scotland

    Edmund L. Hirst (Professor of Organic Chemistry) (Professor of Organic Chemistry)

  17. Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

    J. K. N. Jones (S.R.S. Research Professor) (S.R.S. Research Professor)

  18. c/o Sandoz AG., Basel 13, Schweiz

    E. Jucker  & Arthur Stoll  & 

  19. Bad Sooden-Allendorf/Werra, Deutschland

    Gerhard Kerstan

  20. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Torry Research Station, Aberdeen, Scotland

    J. A. Lovern (Senior Principal Scientific Officer) (Senior Principal Scientific Officer)

  21. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh 13, Pennsylvania, USA

    Erston V. Miller (Research Professor of Botany) (Research Professor of Botany)

  22. Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Universität, Stockholm Va, Odengatan 63, Sweden

    Gunnar Neumüller

  23. Subdept. of Plant biophysics, Botany Dept., The University, Leeds 2, Great Britain

    R. D. Preston

  24. Universität Uppsala, Sweden

    Bengt G. Rånby (Dozent für Physikalische Chemie) (Dozent für Physikalische Chemie)

  25. Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus 10, Ohio, USA

    F. Shafizadeh (Associate Supervisor) & Melville L. Wolfrom (Associate Supervisor) & 

  26. Department of Chemistry, The University, Edgbaston, Birmingham 15, Great Britain

    M. Stacey (Mason Professor and Head) (Mason Professor and Head)

  27. Den polytekniske Laereanstalts organiskkemiske Laboratorium, Sølvgade 83, København K., Danmark

    Stig Veibel

  28. Ludwigshafen a. Rh., Sternstraße 166, Deutschland

    Bruno Vollmert (Privatdozent) (Privatdozent)

  29. Stuttgart - Untertürkheim, Strümpfelbacherstraße 49, Deutschland

    Adolf Wagner

  30. Institut für allgemeine Botanik der Universität, Künstlergasse 16, Zürich, Schweiz

    Hans Wanner

  31. Botanisches Institut der Universität, Mainz, Deutschland

    Hans Weber (Universitäts-Professor) (Universitäts-Professor)

  32. The Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine, Chelsea Bridge Road, London S.W. 1, Great Britain

    W. J. Whelan

  33. Bundesforschungsanstalt für Lebensmittelfrischhaltung, Karlsruhe, Kaiserstraße 12, Deutschland

    Johannes Wolf

  34. National Research Council, Halifax, N.S., Canada

    E. Gordon Young (Director) (Director)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1958 Springer-Verlag oHG. Berlin · Göttingen · Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Preston, R.D. (1958). The biosynthesis of wall material. In: Åberg, B., et al. Aufbau · Speicherung · Mobilisierung und Umbildung der Kohlenhydrate / Formation · Storage · Mobilization and Transformation of Carbohydrates. Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie / Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94731-5_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-94731-5_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-94732-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-94731-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation