Abstract
A variety of inorganic and organic chemical compounds and heavy metals are toxic to the fetus and the neonate. Of the total number of chemicals available in the US (perhaps 55,000) only about 3,000 have been tested for teratogenic effects. Perhaps about 1,000 are animal teratogens, and some 14 chemicals (or classes of chemicals) have been definitely shown to be human teratogens (Baum, 1987). One of the problems associated with determining which chemicals are human teratogens, or affect the reproductive function, is the difficulty of measuring that function in humans. Of necessity all parameters used, whether they be libido, menstruation patterns, sperm count, mutation or postnatal development, are very variable; only the sperm count can be expressed in meaningful numbers.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Arai Y, Gorski RA (1968) Protection against neural organization effect of exogenous androgens in the neonatal rat. Endocrinology 82: 1005–1009
Arai Y, Gorski RA (1974) Possible participation of pituitary testicular feedback regulation in the sexual differentiation of the brain in the male rat. In: Kawakami (ed) Biological rhythms in neuroendocrine activity. Igaku Shoin, Tokyo, pp 232–240
Arai Y, Suzuki Y, Nishizuka Y (1977) Hyperplastic and metaplastic lesions in the reproductive tract of male rats induced by neonatal treatment with diethylstilbestrol. Virchows Arch [A] 376: 21–28
Arai Y, Chen C-Y, Nishizuka Y (1978) Cancer development in male reproductive tract in rats given diethylstilbestrol at neonatal age. Gann 69: 861–862
Azizi F, Vagenakis AG, Bollinger J, Reichlin S, Braverman LE, Ingbar SH (1974) Persistent abnormalities in pituitary function following neonatal thyrotoxicosis in the rat. Endocrinology 94: 1681–1688
Bakke JL, Lawrence NL, Robinson S (1972) Late effects of thyroxine injected into the hypothalamus of the neonatal rat. Neuroendocrinology 10: 183–195
Bakke JL, Lawrence NL, Wilbur JF (1974) The late effects of neonatal hyperthyroidism upon the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in the rat. Endocrinology 96: 406–411
Bakke JL, Lawrence NL, Robinson S, Bennett J (1975) Endocrine studies of the untreated progeny of thyroidectomized rats. Pediatr Res 9: 742–748
Bakke JL, Lawrence NL, Robinson S, Bennett J (1976) Lifelong alterations in endocrine function resulting from brief perinatal hypothyroidism in the rat. J Lab Clin Med 88: 3–13
Bakke JL, Lawrence NL, Robinson SA, Bennett J, Bowers C (1978a) Late endocrine effects of L-dopa, 5-HTP, and 6-OH-dopa administered to neonatal rats. Neuroendocrinology 25: 291–302
Balazs R, Brooksbank BWL, Davison AN, Eayrs JF, Wilson DA (1969) The effects of neonatal thyroidectomy on myelination in the rat brain. Brain Res 15: 219–232
Baum R (1987) Assessing chemical risk to reproduction not easy. Chem Eng News, April 17: 31–36
Bitman J, Cecil HC (1970) Estrogenic activity of DDT analogs and polychlorinated biphenyls. Agic Food Chem 18: 1108–1112
Blackburn MG, Mancusi-Ungaro HR Jr, Orzalesi MM, Hobbins JC, Anderson GG (1973) Effects on the neonate of the induction of labor with prostaglandin F2, and oxytocin. Am J Obstet Gynecol 116: 847–853
Bradbury JT, Gaensbauer F (1939) Masculinization of the female rat by gonadotrophic extracts. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 41: 128–131
Branham WS, Sheehan DM, Zehr DR, Medlock KL, Nelson CJ, Ridlon E (1985) Inhibition of rat uterine gland genesis by tamoxifen. Endocrinology 117: 2238–2248
Branham WS, Zehr DR, Chen JJ, Sheehan DM (1988a) Postnatal uterine development in the rat: estrogen and antiestrogen effects on luminal epithelium. Teratology 38: 29–36
Branham WS, Zehr DR, Chen JJ, Sheehan DM (1988b) Uterine abnormalities in rats exposed neonatally to diethylstilbestrol, ethynylestradiol, or clomiphene citrate. Toxicology 51: 201–212
Bunyan J, Murrell EA, Shah PP (1976) The induction of obesity in rodents by means of monoso-dium glutamate. Br J Nutr 35: 25–39
Chamness GC, Bannayan GA, Landry LA Jr., Sheridan PJ, McGuire WL (1979) Abnormal reproductive development in rats after neonatally administered antiestrogen ( Tamoxifen ). Biol Reprod 21: 1087–1090
Clark JH, Guthrie SC (1983) The estrogenic effects of clomiphene during the neonatal period in the rat. J Steroid Biochem 18: 513–517
Clark JH, McCormack S (1977) Clomid or nafoxidine administered to neonatal rats causes reproductive tract abnormalities. Science 197: 164–165
Clark JH, McCormack SA (1980) The effect of clomid and other triphenylethylene derivatives during pregnancy and the neonatal period. J Steroid Biochem 12: 47–52
Clemens JA, Roush ME, Fuller RW, Shaar CJ (1978) Changes in luteinizing hormone and prolactin control mechanisms produced by glutamate lesions of the arcuate nucleus. Endocrinology 103: 1304–1312
Conte-Devolx B, Girand P, Castauas E, Boudouresque F, Orlando M, Gillioz P, Oliver C (1981) Effect of neonatal treatment with monosodium glutamate on the secretion of a-MSH, 13-endorphin and ACTH in the rat. Neuroendocrinology 33: 207–211
Crutchfield FL, Dratman MB (1980) Growth and development of the neonatal rat: particular vul-nerability of males to disadvantageous conditions during rearing. Biol Neonate 38: 203–209
Csaba G, Darvas S, Lâszló V (1977) Effects of treatment with the plant hormone gibberellin on neonatal rats. Acta Biol Med Germ 36: 1487–1488
Csaba G, Darvas S, Lâszló V, Juvancz I, Vargha P, Bodrogi L, Feher T (1978) Long-lasting effect of single ecdysone injections in newborn rats. Biol Neonate 33: 170–173
Dada MO, Campbell GT, Blake CA (1984) Effects of neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate on somatotrophs and growth hormone secretion in prepubertal male and female rats. Endocrinology 115: 996–1003
Dainat J, Rebiere A (1976) Variations in the in vivo incorporation of L-[3H]leucine into the proteins of the cerebellum of normal, hypo-, and hyperthyroid rats during the first ten days of postnatal life. J Neurochem 26: 935–940
D’Albora H, Carlevaro E, Riboni L, de los Reyes L, Zipitria D, Dominguez R (1974) Advanced puberty in female guinea pigs treated with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) or testosterone enantate ( TE) at birth. Horm Res 5: 344–350
DePaolo LV, Negro-Vilar A (1982) Neonatal monosodium glutamate treatment alters the response of median eminence luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone new terminals to potassium and prostaglandin E. Endocrinology 110: 835–841
Diaz J, Samson HH (1980) Impaired brain growth’ in neonatal rats exposed to ethanol. Science 208: 751–753
Dorner G, Hinz G, Docke F, Tonjes R (1977) Effects of psychotrophic drugs on brain differentiation in female rats. Endokrinologie 70: 113–123
Dyer RG, Weick RF, Mansfield S, Corbet H (1981) Secretion of luteinizing hormone in ovariec-tomized adult rats treated neonatally with monosodium glutamate. J Endocrinol 91: 341–346
Faris RA, Campbell TC (1981) Exposure of newborn rats to pharmacologically active compounds may permanently alter carcinogen metabolism. Science 211: 719–721
Fickovâ M, Macho L (1981) Insulin receptors in isolated adipocytes from rats with different neonatal nutrition. Endocrinol Exp 15: 259–268
Fisher DA, Dussault JH, Sack J, Chopra I (1977) Ontogenesis of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid function and metabolism in man, sheep, and rat. Recent Prog Horm Res 33: 59–116
Forsberg J-G (1976) Adenosis and clear-cell carcinomas of vagina and cervix. Animal model: estrogen-induced adenosis of vagina and cervix in mice. Am J Pathol 84: 669–672
Gellert RJ, Heinrichs WLR (1975) Effects of DDT homologs administered to female rats during the perinatal period. Biol Neonate 26: 283–290
Gellert RJ, Bakke JL, Lawrance NL (1971) Persistent estrus and altered estrogen sensitivity in rats treated neonatally with clomiphene citrate. Fertil Steril 22: 244–249
Gellert RJ, Heinrichs WL, Swerdloff RJ (1972) DDT homologues: estrogen-like effects on the vagina, uterus and pituitary of the rat. Endocrinology 91: 1095–1100
Gellert RJ, Heinrichs WL, Swerdloff R (1974) Effects of neonatally-administered DDT homologs on reproductive function in male and female rats. Neuroendocrinology 16: 84–94
Goddard RF (1948) Anatomic and physiologic studies in young rats with propylthiouracil induced dwarfism. Anat Rec 101: 539–548
Greeley GH, Nicholson GF, Nemeroff CB, Youngblood WW, Kizer JS (1978) Direct evidence that the arcuate nucleus-median eminence tuberoinfundibular system is not of primary importance in the feedback regulation of luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone secretion in the castrated rat. Endocrinology 103: 170–175
Hahn P, Kirby L (1973) Immediate and late effects of premature weaning and of feeding a high fat or high carbohydrate diet to weanling rats. J Nutr 103: 690–696
Harmon JR, Branham WS, Sheehan DM (1989) Transplacental estrogen responses in the fetal rat: increased uterine weight and ornithine decarboxylase activity. Teratology 39: 253–260
Heinrichs WL, Gellert RJ, Bakke JL, Lawrence NL (1971) DDT administered to neonatal rats induces persistent estrus syndrome. Science 173: 642–643
Hodgson PA, Ellefson RD, Elveback LR, Hanis LE, Nelson RA, Weidman WH (1976) Comparison of serum cholesterol in children fed high, moderate or low cholesterol milk diets during neonatal period. Metab Clin Exp 25: 739–746
Hogarth PJ, Chalmers P (1973) Effect of the neonatal administration of a single dose of chlor- promazine on the subsequent sexual development of male mice. J Reprod Fertil 34: 539–541
Holzwarth-McBride M, Hurst EM, Knigge KM (1976) Monosodium glutamate induced lesions of the arcuate nucleus: endocrine deficiency and ultrastructure of the median eminence. Anat Rec 186: 185–196
Hong J, Lowe C, Squibb RE, Lamartiniere CA (1981) Monosodium glutamate exposure in the neo-nate alters hypothalamic and pituitary neuropeptide levels in the adult. Regul Pept 2: 347–352
Hughes AM (1944) Cretinism in rats induced by thiouracil. Endocrinology 34: 69–76
Iguchi T, Hirokawa M (1986) Changes in male genital organs of mice exposed neonatally to tamoxifen. Proc Jpn Acad 62 (Ser B): 157–160
Iguchi T, Iwase Y, Kato H, Takasugi N (1985) Prevention by vitamin A of the ocurrence of permanent changes in ovariectomized adult mice treated neonatally with diethylstilbestrol and its nullification in the presence of ovaries. Exp Clin Endocrinol 85: 129–137
Iguchi T, Hirokawa M, Takasugi N (1986b) Occurrence of genital tract abnormalities and bladder hernia in female mice exposed neonatally to tamoxifen. Toxicology 42: I-II
Iguchi T, Takasugi N, Bern HA, Mill KT (1986c) Frequent occurrence of polyovular follicles in ovaries of mice exposed neonatally to diethylstilbestrol. Teratology 34: 29–35
Iguchi T, Ohta Y, Fukazawa Y, Takasugi N (1987) Strain differences in the induction of polyovu-lar follicles by neonatal treatment with diethylstilbestrol in mice. Med Sci Res 15: 1407–1408
Kalland T, Forsberg J-G, Sinha YN (1980) Long-term effects of neonatal DES treatment on plasma prolactin in female mice. Endocrinol Res Comm 7: 257–166
Kamberi IA, Mical RS, Porter IC (1970) Effect of anterior pituitary perfusion and intraventricular injection of catecholamines and indole amines on LH release. Endocrinology 87: 1–12
Kawashima S (1964) Inhibitory action of reserpine on the development of the male pattern of secretion of gonadotropins in the rat. Ann Zool Jpn 37: 79–85
Kikuyama S (1966) Influence of thyroid hormone on the induction of persistent estrus by androgen in the rat. Sci Pap Coll Gen Ed Univ Tokyo 16: 265–270
Kikuyama S (1969) Alteration by neonatal hypothyroidism of the critical period for the induction of persistent estrus in the rat. Endocrinol Jpn 16: 269–273
Kind FA, Henzl M, Rudel HW (1970) The influence of neonatal injection of cortisol in rats. In: Kazda S, Denenber VH (eds) The postnatal development of phenotype. Academia, Prague, pp 307–318
Kizer JS, Nemeroff CB, Youngblood WW (1978) Neurotoxic amino acids and structurally related analogs. Pharmacol Rev 29: 301–326
Krieger DT, Liotta AS, Nicholsen G, Kizer JS (1979) Brain ACTH and endorphin reduced in rats with monosodium glutamate induced arcuate nucleus lesions. Nature 278: 562–563
Ladosky W, Kesikowski WM, Gaziri IF (1970) Effect of a single injection of chlorpromazine into infant male rats on subsequent gonadotrophin secretion. J Endocrinol 48: 151–156
Lamperti A, Blaha G (1976) The effects of neonatally-administered monosodium glutamate on the reproductive system of adult hamsters. Biol Reprod 14: 362–369
Lamperti A, Blaha G (1980) Further observations on the effects of neonatally administered mono-sodium glutamate on the reproductive axis of hamsters. Biol Reprod 22: 687–693
Lamperti A, Pupa L, Tafelski T (1980) Time-related effects of monosodium glutamate on the reproductive neuroendocrine axis of the hamster. Endocrinology 106: 553–558
Lemkey-Johnston N, Reynolds WA (1974) Nature and extent of brain lesions in mice related to ingestion of monosodium glutamate. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 33: 74–97
Lengvari I, Branch BJ, Taylor AN (1977b) Effect of perinatal thyroxine treatment on some endo-crine functions of male and female rats. Neuroendocrinology 24: 129–139
Li JR, Bale LK, Kottke BA (1980) Effect of neonatal modulation of cholesterol homeostasis on subsequent response to cholesterol challenge in adult guinea pig. J Clin Invest 65: 1060–1068
Lopez J, Ogren L, Talamantes F (1986) Neonatal diethylstilbestrol treatment: response of prolac-tin to dopamine or estradiol in adult mice. Endocrinology 119: 1020–1027
Maier DB, Newbold RR, McLachlan JA (1985) Prenatal diethylstilbestrol exposure alters murine uterine responses to prepubertal estrogen stimulation. Endocrinology 116: 1878–1886
Martin JE, Klein DC (1976) Melatonin inhibition of the neonatal pituitary response of luteinizing hormone-releasing factor. Science 191: 301–302
Martin JE, Engel JN, Klein DC (1977) Inhibition of the in vitro pituitary response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone by melatonin, serotonin, and 5-methoxytryptamine. Endocrinology 100: 675–680
Martin JE, McKellar S, Klein DC (1980) Melatonin inhibition of the in vivo pituitary response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in the neonatal rat. Neuroendocrinology 31: 13–17
Matswzana Y, Yonetani S, Takasaki Y, Iwata S, Sekine S (1979) Studies on reproductive endocrine function in rats treated with monosodium-1-glutamate early in life. Toxicol Lett 4: 359–362
Medlock KL, Sheehan DM, Nelson CJ, Branham WS (1988) Effects of postnatal DES treatment on uterine growth, development, and estrogen receptor levels. J Steroid Biochem 29: 527–532
Meisami E, Valcana T, Timiras PS (1970) Effects of neonatal hypothyroidism on the development of brain excitability in the rat. Neuroendocrinology 6: 160–167
Meserve LA, Leathem JH (1974) Neonatal hyperthyroidism and maturation of the rat hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal axis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 147: 510–512
Meserve LA, Leathem JH (1981) Development of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to stress in rats made hypothyroid by exposure to thiouracil from conception. J Endocrinol 90: 403–409
Moguilevsky JA, Scacchi P, Deis R, Siseles NO (1976) Effect of melatonin on the luteinizing hormone release induced by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 151: 663–666
Mori T, Bern HA, Mills KT, Young PN (1976) Long-term effects of neonatal steroid exposure on mammary gland development and tumorigenesis in mice. J Natl Cancer Inst 57: 1057–1061
Nagasawa H, Mori T, Nakajima Y (1980) Long-term effects of progesterone or diethylstilbestrol with or without estrogen after maturity on mammary tumorigenesis in mice. Eur J Cancer 16: 1583–1589
Nemeroff CB, Grant LD, Bissette G, Ervin GN, Harrell LE, Prange AJ (1977b) Growth, endocrinological and behavioral deficits after monosodium L-glutamate in the neonatal rat: possible involvement of arcuate dopamine neuron damage. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2: 179–184
Nemeroff CB, Lamartiniere CA, Mason GA, Squibb RE, Hong JS, Bondy SC (1981) Marked reduction in gonadal steroid hormone levels in rats treated neonatally with monosodium-Lglutamate: further evidence for disruption of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulation. Neuroendocrinology 33: 265–267
Neumann HO, Buchholz R (1971) Androgen-Sterilisierung der juvenilen weiblichen Ratte nach Behandlung mit humanem Chorion Gonadotropin ( HCG ). Arch Gynak 209: 416–419
Newbold RR, McLachlan JA (1982) Vaginal adenosis and adenocarcinoma in mice exposed pre-natally or neonatally to diethylstilbestrol. Cancer Res 42: 2003–2008
Olney JW (1969) Brain lesions, obesity and other disturbances in mice treated with monosodium glutamate. Science 164: 719–721
Olney JW (1971) Glutamate-induced neuronal necrosis in the infant mouse hypothalamus. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 30: 75–90
Olney JW, Ho OL, Rhee V (1971) Cytotoxic effects of acidic and sulphur containing amino acids on the infant mouse central nervous system. Exp Brain Res 14: 61–76
Pascual-Leone AM, Garcia MD, Hervas F, Morreale de Escobar G (1976) Decreased pituitary growth hormone content in rats treated neonatally with high doses of L-thyroxine. Horm Metab Res 8: 215–217
Pasqualini JR, Kind FA (1985) Hormones and the fetus. Pergamon Press, Oxford, p 97
Payne DW, Katzenellenbogen JA (1979) Binding specificity of rat alpha-fetoprotein for a series of estrogen derivatives: studies using equilibrium and nonequilibrium techniques. Endocrinology 105: 743–753
Phelps CP, Leathem JH (1976) Effects of postnatal thyroxine administration on brain development, response to postnatal androgen and thyroid regulation in female rats. J Endocrinol 69: 175–182
Pizzi WJ, Barnhart JE, Fanslow DJ (1977) Monosodium glutamate administration to the newborn reduces reproductive ability in female and male mice. Science 196: 452–454
Plapinger L (1981) Morphological effects of diethylstilbestrol on neonatal mouse uterus and vagina. Cancer Res 41: 4667–4677
Potts AM, Modrell RW, Kingsbury C (1960) Permanent fractionation of the electroretinogram by sodium glutamate. Am J Ophthalmol 50: 900–905
Reiser R, Sidelman Z (1972) Control of serum cholesterol homeostasis by cholesterol in the milk of the suckling rat. J Nutr 102: 1009–1016
Rodriguez-Sierra JF, Sridaran R, Blake CA (1980) Monosodium glutamate disruption of behavioral and endocrine function in the female rat. Neuroendocrinology 31: 228–235
Saphier DJ, Dyer RG (1981) Effects of neonatal exposure to monosodium glutamate on the electrical activity of neurones in the mediobasal hypothalamus and on the plasma concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin, following stimulation of the rostral hypothalamus in adult female rats. J Endocrinol 89: 379–387
Schulz K-D, Harland A, Haarmann H (1972) Female endocrine control mechanisms during the neonatal period II. The effect of luteinizing hormone. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 71: 431–442
Schwark WS, Keesey RR (1975) Effects of thyroid dysfunction on norepinephrine metabolism in the developing rat brain. Pharmacologist 17: 179
Schwark WS, Keesey RR (1976) Cretinism: influence on rate-limiting enzymes of amine.synthesis in rat brain. Life Sci 19: 1699–1704
Scow RO, Marx W (1945) Response to pituitary growth hormone of rats thyroidectomized on the day of birth. Anat Rec 91: 227–232
Scow RO, Simpson ME (1945) Thyroidectomy in the newborn rat. Anat Rec 91: 209–216
Shah GV, Shyr SW, Grosvenor CE, Crowley WR (1988) Hyperprolactinemia after neonatal pro-!actin (PRL) deficiency in rats: evidence for altered anterior pituitary regulation of PRL secretion. Endocrinology 122: 1883–1889
Sheehan DM, Branham WS (1981) The lack of estrogen control of rodent alphafetoprotein levels. Teratogenesis Carcinog Mutagen 1: 383–388
Sheehan DM, Young M (1979) Diethylstilbestrol and estradiol binding to serum albumin and pregnancy plasma of rat and human. Endocrinology 104: 1442–1446
Shyr SW, Crowley WR, Grosvenor CE (1986) Effect of neonatal prolactin deficiency on prepubertal tuberoinfundibular and tuberohypophyseal dopaminergic neuronal activity. Endocrinology 119: 1217–1222
Simson EL, Gold RM, Standish U, Pellett PL (1977) Axon-sparing brain lesioning technique: the use of monosodium L-glutamate and other amino acids. Science 198: 515–517
Slaughter M, Wilen R, Ryan KJ, Naftolin F (1977) The effects of low dose diethylstilbestrol administration in neonatal female rats. J Steroid Biochem 8: 621–623
Strbâk V, Greer MA (1979) Acute effects of hypothalamic ablation on plasma thyrotropin and prolactin concentrations in the suckling rat: evidence that early postnatal pituitary-thyroid regulation is independent of hypothalamic control. Endocrinology 105: 488–492
Strbâk V, Michalickovâ J (1984) Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system during suckling period in rat and man. Endocrinol Exp 18: 183–196
Strbâk V, Jurcovicovâ J, Vigâs M (1981) Thyroliberin (TRH) induced growth hormone (GH) release: test of maturation of hypothalamo-pituitary axis in postnatal rat. Endocrinol Exp 15: 245–249
Strbâk V, Macho L, Alexandrovâ M, Ponec J (1983) TRH transport to rat milk. Endocrinol Exp 17: 343–350
Tafelski TJ, Lamperti AA (1977) The effects of a single injection of monosodium glutamate on the reproductive neuroendocrine axis of the female hamster. Biol Reprod 17: 404–411
Taggart Davis NE (1977) Ovarian atrophy resulting from urethane injection of neonatal mice. J Reprod Fertil 57: 159–161
Takasugi N, Mitsuhashi Y (1972) Effects of gonadotropins on the occurrence of permanent changes in the testis of mice given neonatal estrogen injections. Endocrinol Jpn 19: 423–428
Taylor AN, Lengvari I (1977) Effect of combined thyroxine and corticosterone treatment on the development of the diurnal pituitary-adrenal rhythm. Neuroendocrinology 24: 74–79
Theodoropoulos T, Braverman LE, Vagenakis AG (1979) Thyrotropin releasing hormone is not required for thyrotropin secretion in the perinatal rat. J Clin Invest 63: 588–594
Toh YC (1979) Effect of neonatal administration of thyroxine on the rate of sebum production in rats. J Endocrinol 83: 199–203
Trentini GP, Botticelli A, Botticelli CS (1974) Effect of monosodium glutamate on the endocrine glands and on the reproductive function of the rat. Fertil Steril 25: 478–483
Vannier B, Raynaud J-P (1975) Effect of estrogen plasma binding on sexual differentiation of the rat fetus. Mol Cell Endocrinol 3: 323–337
von Fels E (1975) Keimdrüsenfunktion der Ratte nach post-oder pränataler Injektion von Clomiphen. Endokrinologie 65: 126–132
von Fels E, Moguilevsky J, Rubinstein L, Libertum C (1968) Die Reaktion des androgenisierten Ovars auf Gonadotrophine ( Parabioseuntersuchung ). Endokrinologie 52: 352–355
von Fels E, Bosch LR, Libertum C (1972) Die Reaktion des androgenisierten Rattenovars auf die Verabfolgung von Gonadotrophinen. Endokrinologie 59: 197–202
Walker BE (1983) Uterine tumors in old female mice exposed prenatally to diethylstilbestrol. J Natl Cancer Inst 70: 477–481
Walker P, Courtin F (1985) Transient neonatal hyperthyroidism results in hypothyroidism in the adult rat. Endocrinology 116: 2246–2250
Whitworth NS, Grosvenor CE (1978) Transfer of milk prolactin to the plasma of neonatal rats by intestinal absorption. J Endocrinol 79: 191–196
Wong LM, Bern HA, Jones LA, Mills KT (1982) Effect of later treatment with estrogen on reproductive tract lesions in neonatally estrogenized female mice. Cancer Lett 17: 115–120
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kincl, F.A. (1990). Nonsteroidal Agents. In: Hormone Toxicity in the Newborn. Monographs on Endocrinology, vol 31. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83794-4_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83794-4_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-83796-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-83794-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive