Abstract
The immune response to foreign antigens takes place in lymphoid organs. Lymphocytes are largely mobile cells recirculating from the blood into and out of lymphoid organs (Gowans and Knight 1964; Howard etal. 1972; Gutman and Weissman 1973). Each lymphocyte is clonally predetermined to recognize a very restricted antigenic shape, and therefore lymphoid organs are required to bring together rare cells (in terms of antigen specificity) that must interact with each other. The recirculation of lymphocytes throughout the body plays a critical role in the normal function of the immune system by maximizing interactions of lymphocytes with antigen and by increasing collaborative interactions between many disparate cell types. Organ-specific lymphocyte homing is also important in augmenting the immune response in a tissue by enhancing circulation of the immunocompetent lymphocytes, mostly in the type of tissue where they first encountered antigen. The specific portal of entry of lymphocytes from the blood stream into lymphoid organs was identified as specialized postcapillary venules bearing unusually high-walled endothelia (Gowans and Knight 1964) and named high endothelial venules (H EVs) (Stamper and Woodruff 1976). The cell surface molecules mediating the highly organ-specific binding of lymphocytes to HEVs prior to transmigration through the vessel wall have been called lymphocyte homing receptors (Gallatin etal. 1983), and their comlementary ligands on the endothelial surface addressins (Streeter etal. 1988). Thus far, several functionally and antigenically distinct lymphocyte-HEV recognition systems governing the homing of lymphocytes to peripheral lymph nodes, mucosal lymphoid organs (Peyer’s patches and appendix), and inflamed synovium have been identified (reviewed in Jalkanen et al. 1986a; Gallatin et al. 1986; Yednock and Rosen 1989).
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Hu, M.CT., Holzmann, B., Crowe, D.T., Neuhaus, H., Weissman, I.L. (1993). The Peyer’s Patch Homing Receptor. In: Dunon, D., Mackay, C.R., Imhof, B.A. (eds) Adhesion in Leukocyte Homing and Differentiation. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 184. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78253-4_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78253-4_10
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