Zusammenfassung
Schon immer suchen Menschen, seelisches Wohlbefinden durch Drogen wie Alkohol, Morphium und Kokain zu verbessern. Erst in den 50er Jahren jedoch standen Arzneimittel mit nachgewiesener Wirksamkeit für die Behandlung psychischer Störungen wie Schizophrenie und Depression zur Verfügung. Versuche, die Wirkweise dieser Medikamente zu verstehen, erwiesen sich dabei als wesentliche Grundlage für die Entwicklung moderner Ansätze auf dem Gebiet der biologischen Psychiatrie. So gründet sich die Dopaminhypothese der Schizophrenie größtenteils auf Experimente, die aufzeigten, daß Antipsychotika wie Haloperidol und Chlorpromazin den Metabolismus von Dopamin, nicht aber den anderer Neurotransmitter beeinflussen; einschränkend sei aber erwähnt, daß zum Zeitpunkt der Formulierung dieser Hypothese in den fruhen 60er Jahren kaum „andere“ Neurotransmitter bekannt waren.
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Henn, F., Hitzemann, R.J. (1999). Neurochemie: Basis der Psychopharmakologie. In: Helmchen, H., Henn, F., Lauter, H., Sartorius, N. (eds) Psychiatrie der Gegenwart 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60174-3_6
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