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Physical Chemistry of Supported Clusters

  • Chapter
Metal Clusters at Surfaces

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Cluster Physics ((CLUSTER))

Abstract

Scientists have always tried to classify and systematise their observations in order to extract trends or even propose simple models for the understanding of their results with the aim of predicting properties of new materials. As early as in the 19th century this strategy led to the discovery of the periodicity of oxide formation for different elements by D.I. Mendelejev [1] and shortly afterwards he presented the first Periodic Table in his presentation “On the relation of the properties to the atomic weights of the elements” at the Russian Chemical Society in 1869 [2]. Today we know that the laws of quantum mechanics are responsible for the beautiful order of the elements of our universe and this Periodic Table is used to predict chemical and physical properties of the elements. In a chemical compound the atoms try to acquire a closed shell electronic structure and this is the reason for the high reactivity of the alkalines or halides or for the inertness of rare gases. Today it is possible to construct a Periodic Table of a single element, e.g., sodium, because atoms of an element can form clusters or particles with pronounced periodicities in their chemical and physical properties as a function of their size, shape and form. Sodium clusters were first produced by the groups of Schumacher [3] and Knight [4] in the early eighties, see Chap. 1. They discovered striking discontinuities in the mass spectra at magic numbers (of Na atoms per cluster) 8, 20, 34, and 40 and achieved a fundamental understanding of these abundance spectra within the jellium model [4–7], well known to nuclear physicists.

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  1. Ueli Heiz
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Heiz, U., Schneider, WD. (2000). Physical Chemistry of Supported Clusters. In: Metal Clusters at Surfaces. Springer Series in Cluster Physics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57169-5_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57169-5_8

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