Zusammenfassung
Arthrosen sind die häufigsten Gelenkerkrankungen weltweit und führen zu einer Verschlechterung der Gelenkfunktion sowie zu akuten, intermittierenden oder chronischen Gelenkschmerzen.
Die Ursache der Entstehung einer Arthrose ist bis heute nicht komplett geklärt. Genetische Faktoren, mechanischer Stress des Gelenkknorpels und des subchondralen Knochens sowie biochemische Prozesse sind pathogenetisch bedeutsam (Altman 2000, Echtermeyer 2009). Entzündliche Veränderungen spielen in der Pathogenese eine untergeordnete Rolle (im Vergleich z. B. zur rheumatoiden Arthritis), sind aber phasenweise auch im degenerativ veränderten Gelenk präsent. Die Schmerzen sind in der Regel nozizeptiv.
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Bernateck, M., Kuipers, J., Zeidler, H., Köhler, L., Hülsemann, J., Schnarr, S. (2013). Gelenk- und Muskelschmerzen. In: Baron, R., Koppert, W., Strumpf, M., Willweber-Strumpf, A. (eds) Praktische Schmerzmedizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37605-4_22
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