Zusammenfassung
Nach Traumatisierungen kommt es bei einer substanziellen Gruppe von Überlebenden zur Ausbildung einer Traumafolgestörung. Die posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (PTBS) stellt hierbei eine der häufigsten psychischen Folgestörungen dar, deren Symptomatik durch drei Beschwerdekomplexe mit den Symptombereichen Wiedererleben, Vermeidung/Entfremdung und vegetative Übererregung in den Klassifikationssystemen klar umschrieben ist (DSM-IV, Saß et al. 2003; ICD-10, Dilling et al. 2005). Eine der zentralen Auswirkungen, die durch das Erleben des Traumas und durch die Entwicklung bzw. das Vorhandensein der PTBS entstehen, betrifft die Enkodierung und das Abrufen autobiografischer Erinnerungen. Die gestörte Gedächtniskonsolidierung nach traumatischen Erfahrungen kann zu einer Fragmentierung des traumatischen Narrativs und in der Folge zu einer fehlenden Verortung und Vergeschichtlichung der traumatischen Situation führen und gilt als ein zentraler aufrechterhaltender Faktor.
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Knaevelsrud, C., Kuwert, P., Böttche, M. (2013). Lebensrückblickstherapie bei Traumafolgestörungen. In: Maercker, A., Forstmeier, S. (eds) Der Lebensrückblick in Therapie und Beratung. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28199-0_7
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