Abstract
There are 14 main mountain regions in Europe ranging from the Mediterranean to the Arctic between 35–80°N (Chap. 1). The high mountains across Europe differ in extent and altitude, glaciation history, geology, and ecological conditions (Chap. 1), and their plant species composition varies considerably (Chaps. 3.1–3.10).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aichinger E (1933) Vegetationskunde der Karawanken. Pflanzensoziologie 2:1–329
Ballesteros E, Canalís V (1991) La vegetatió uluminal dels massissos de besiberris i de mulleres (Pirineus Centrals Catalans). Bull Inst Catalana Hist Nat 59(8):95–106
Barbero M, Bono G (1973) La végétation orophile des Alpes apuanes. Vegetatio 27:1–48
Beldie A (1967) Flora si vegetatia Muntilor Bucegi. Ed Acad, Bucuresti
Billings WD (1973) Arctic and alpine vegetations: similarities, differences, and susceptibility to disturbance. Bioscience 23:697–704
Birks HJB (1996) Statistical approaches to interpreting diversity patterns in the Norwegian mountain flora. Ecography 19:332–340
Blytt A (1876) Forsög til en theori om invandringen of Norges flora. Nytt Mag Naturvidensk 21:279–362
Borza A (1934) Studii fitosociologice in muntii Retetzatului. Étud Physociol Monts du Rétézat Cluj 14:1–84
Braun-Blanquet G (1931) Recherches phytogéographiques sur le Massif du Gross Glockner (Hohe Tauern). Stn Int Géobot Medit Alpine Montpellier 13:1–65
Braun-Blanquet J (1948a) La Végétation alpine des Pyrénées Orientales. Monografía de la Estación de Estudios Pirenaicos, Barcelona
Braun-Blanquet J (1948b) Übersicht der Pflanzengesellschaften Rätiens. Vegetatio 1:29–41, 285–316
Braun-Blanquet J (1949) Übersicht der Pflanzengesellschaften Rätiens (IV). Vegetatio 2:20–37
Braun-Blanquet J (1969) Die Pflanzengesellschaften der rätischen Alpen im Rahmen ihrer Gesamtverbreitung. I Teil. Bischofsberger and Co, Chur
Braun-Blanquet J (1975) Fragmenta Phytosociologica Raetica. I. Jahrb Natf Ges Graubünden 96:42–71
Bringer K-G (1961a) Den lágalpina Dryas-hedens differentiering och standortsekologi inom Torneträskomrádet. I. Svensk Bot Tidskr 55:349–375
Bringer K-G (1961b) Den lágalpina Dryas-hedens differentiering och standortsekologi inom Torneträskomrádet. II. Svensk Bot Tidskr 55:551–584
Bultmann H, Daniëls FIA (2001) Lichen richness-biomass relationship in terricolous lichen vegetation on non-calcareous substrates. Phytocoenologia 31:537–570
Carreras J, Carrillo E, Masalles R, Ninot JM, Vigo J (1993) El poblament vegetal de lesvalls de Barravés i de Castanesa. I. Flora i vegetació. Acta Bot Barcinonensia 42:1–392
Carrillo E, Ninot JM (1992) Flora y vegetació de les valls d’Espot i de Boí. Institut d’Estudis Catalans, Barcelona
Chapin FS III, Körner C (eds) (1995) Arctic and alpine biodiversity, patterns, causes and ecosystem consequences. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Chytry M (2001) Phytosociological data give biased estimates of species richness. J Veg Sci 12:439–444
Coldea G (1991) Prodrome des associations végétales des Carpates du sud-est (Carpates roumaines). Doc Phytosociol NS 13:317–539
Coldea G, Cristea V (1998) Floristic and community diversity of sub-alpine and alpine grasslands and grazed dwarf-shrub heaths in the Romanian Carpathians. Pirineos 151–152:73–82
Comes HP, Kadereit JW (1998) The effect of Quaternary climatic changes on plant distribution and evolution. Trends Plant Sci 3:432–438
Conti E, Soltis DE, Hardig TM, Schneider J (1999) Phylogenetic relationships of the silver Saxifrages (Saxifraga, Sect. Ligulatae Haworth): implications for the evolution of substrate specificity, life histories, and biogeography. Mol Phylog Evol 13:536–555
Cornell HV (1999) Unsaturation and regional influences on species richness in ecological communities: a review of the evidence. Écoscience 6:303–315
Cornell HV, Lawton JH (1992) Species interactions, local and regional processes, and limits to the richness of ecological communities: a theoretical perspective. J Anim Ecol 61:1–12
Cresswell JE, Vidal-Martinez VM, Crichton NJ (1995) Investigation of saturation in the species richness of communities: some comments on methodology. Oikos 72:301–304
Dahl E (1957) Mountain vegetation in south Norway and its relation to the environment. Skr Nor Vidensk Akad Oslo I. Mat Naturvidensk kl 1956(3):1–374
Dalmas J-P (1972) Etudes phytosociologique et ecologique de l’etage alpin des Alpes Sud-Occidentales francaises et plus particulierement de la region de Vars-Ecreins (H.A.). Thèse, Laboratoire de Phytosociologie et Cartographie Vegetale, Universite de Provence, Centre Saint Charles
Dimopoulos PD, Georgiadis T (1994) Ecological evaluation of the above the timberline communities of Mount Killini (NE Peloponnisos - Greece), in the perspective of nature conservation. Ann Bot 52:151–165
Dirnböck T, Dullinger S, Gottfried M, Grabherr G (1999) Die Vegetation des Hochschwab - Subalpine und Alpine Stufe. Mitt Naturwiss Ver Steiermark 129:111–251
Domin K (1928) The relations of the Tatra mountain vegetation to the edaphic factors of the habitat. Acta Bot Bohemica 6/7:133–163
Domin (1933) Die Vegetationsverhältnisse des Bucegi in den rumänischen Südkarpathen. Veröff Geobot Inst Rübel 11:96–144
Dullinger S (1999) Vegetation des Schrankogel, Stubaier Alpen. Diplomarbeit, Univ Wien
Dullinger S, Dirnböck T, Grabherr G (2000) Reconsidering endemism in the north-eastern limestone Alps. Acta Bot Croat 59:55–82
Dupré C (2000) How to determine a regional species pool: a study in two Swedish regions. Oikos 89:128–136
El Aallali A, Nieto LJM, Raya FP, Molero Mesa J (1998) Estudio de la vegetación forestal en la vertine sur de Sierra Nevada (Alpujarra Alta granina). Itin Geobot 11:387–402
Elven R, Elvebakk A (1996) A catalogue of Svalbard plants, fungi, algae and cyanobacteria, part 1. Vascular plants. Norsk Polarinst Skr 198:9–55
Eurola S (1968) Über die Fjeldheidevegetation in den Gebieten von Isfjorden und Hornsund in Westspitzbergen. Aquilo Ser Bot 7:1–56
Eurola S (1974) Plant ecology of Northern Kiölen: arctic or alpine ? Aquilo Ser Bot 13:10–22
Feoli-Chiapella L, Feoli E (1977) A numerical phytosociological study of the summits of the Majella massive (Italy). Vegetatio 34:21–39
Feoli-Chiapella L, Poldini L (1993) Prati e Pascoli del Friuli (NE Italia) su substrati basici. Stud Geobot 13:3–140
Galland P (1979) Note sur le Caricetum firmae du Parc National Suisse. Doc Phytosoc NS 4:279–287
Gamisans J (1977) La végétation des montagnes corses, II. Phytocoenologia 4:35–131
Gaston KJ (1998) Species richness: measure and measurement. In: Gaston KJ (ed) Biodi-versity - a biology of numbers and difference. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 77–113
Gensac P (1977) Les groupements végétaux a Carex curvula All. dans le massif de la Vanoise. Tray Sci Parc Nat Vanoise 8:67–94
Gensac P (1979) Les pelouses supraforestières du massif de la Vanoise. Tray Sci Parc Nat Vanoise 10:111–242
Gielly L, Taberlet P (1996) A phylogeny of the European gentians inferred from chloroplast trnL (UAA) intron sequences. Bot J Linn Soc 120:57–75
Gigon A (1971) Vergleich alpiner Rasen auf Silikat-und auf Karbonatboden; Konkurrenz-und Stickstofformenversuche sowie standortkundliche Untersuchungen im Nardetum und im Seslerietum bei Davos. Veröff Geobot Inst Rübel Zürich 48:1–159
Gjærevoll O (1956) The plant communities of the Scandinavian alpine snowbeds. Kongel Nor Vidensk Selsk Skr 1956(1):1–405
Gjærevoll O (1963) Survival of plants on nunataks in Norway during the Pleistocene glaciation. In: Löve À, Löve D (eds) North Atlantic biota and their history. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp 261–283
Godwin H (1975) The history of the British flora, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Grabherr G (1985) Numerische Klassification und Ordination in der alpinen Vegetationsökologie als Beitrag zur Verknüpfung moderner “Computermethoden” mit der pflanzensoziologischen Tradition. Tuexenia NS 5:181–190
Grabherr G (1995) Alpine vegetation in a global perspective. In: Box EO (ed) Vegetation science in forestry. Kluwer, The Hague, pp 441–451
Grabherr G, Gottfried M, Pauli H (2000) Hochgebirge als ‘hot spots’ der Biodiversität - dargestellt am Beispiel der Phytodiversität. Ber Reinh Tüxen Ges 12:101–113
Greimler J (1997) Pflanzengesellschaften und Vegetationsstruktur in den südlichen Gesäusebergen (nordöstliche Kalkalpen, Steiermark). Mitt Landesmus Joann Graz 25/26:1–238
Grime JP (1979) Plant strategies and vegetation processes. Wiley, Chichester
Grime JP, Curtis AV (1976) The interaction of drought and mineral nutrient stress in calcareous grassland. J Ecol 64:975–988
Grubb PJ (1987) Global trends in species-richness in terrestrial vegetation: a view from the northern hemisphere. In: Giller JHR, Giller PS (eds) Organisation of communities: past and present. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 99–118
Gruber M (1978) La végétation des Pyrénées ariégeoises et catalanes occidentales. Thèse, Marseille
Guinochet M (1938) Etudes sur la végétation del’étage alpin dans le bassin supérieur de la Tinée (Alpes Maritimes). Thèse, Grenoble
Haapasaari M (1988) The oligotrophic heath vegetation of northern Fennoscandia and its zonation. Acta Bot Fenn 135:1–219
Hastie TJ, Tibshirani RJ (1990) Generalized additive models. Chapman and Hall, London
Hedberg O, Mártensson O, Rudberg S (1952) Botanical investigations in the Pältsa region of northermost Sweden. Bot Not Suppl 3(2):1–209
Hedenäs L (1999) Altitudinal distributions in relation to latitude; with examples among wetland mosses in the Amblystegiaceae. Bryobrothera 5:99–115
Herben T (2000) Correlation between richness per unit area and the species pool cannot be used to demonstrate the species pool effect. J Veg Sci 11:123–126
Hodisan I, Boscaiu M (1986) Floristic diversity indices of some plant associations in the Retezat National Park. Stud Univ Babes Bolyai B 31:14–18
Horvat I (1930) Vegetationsstudien in den kroatischen Alpen. I. Die alpinen Rasenge-sellschaften. Bull Int Acad Yougosl Sci Art Cl Math Nat 24:1–96 (in Croatian)
Horvat I, Pawlowski B, Walas J (1937) Phytosociologische Studien über die Hochge-birgsvegetation der Rila Planina in Bulgarien. Bull Acad Polon Krakow 8:159–189
Horvat I, Glavac V, Ellenberg H (1974) Vegetation Südosteuropas. Gustav Fisher, Stuttgart
Huml O, Leps, Prach K, Rejmánek M (1979) Zur Kenntnis der Quellfluren, alpinen Hochstaudenfluren und Gebüsche des Fagaras-Gebirges in den Südkarpaten. Preslia 51:35–45
Igoshina KN (1966) The peculiarities of flora and vegetation on ultrabasic rocks of the Polar Urals (Rai-Iz as an example). Bot Zhurhn 51:322–337 (in Russian)
Janovicova K, Kubinska A, Soltes R (1999) Bryophytes of the Cervené vrchy Mts and the Tichá dolina valley (the Západne Tatry Mts, Slovakia) - threat and apophytic tendencies in local bryophyte flora. Biol Bratislava 54:369–378
Jeník J (1961) Alpinská vegetace Krkonoc, Králichého Snezníku a Hrubého Jeseníku. Naklad. CSAV, Praha
Jovanovic B, Lakusic R, Rizovski R, Trinajstic S, Zupancic M (1986) Prodromus Phytocoenosum Jugoslaviae. Map 1: 200 000. Scientific Council of Vegetation Map of Yugoslavia, Bribir-Ilok
Kalliola R (1939) Pflanzensoziologische Untersuchungen in der alpinen Stufe Finnisch-Lapplands. Ann Bot Soc Zool Bot Fenn Vanamo 13:1–328
Klika J (1932) Der Seslerion coeruleae-Verband in den Westkarpathen. Beih Bot Centralbl 49:133–175
Körner C (1995) Alpine plant diversity: a global survey and functional interpretations. In: Chapin FS III, Körner C (eds) Arctic and alpine biodiversity, patterns, causes and ecosystem consequences. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 45–62
Körner C (1999) Alpine plant life. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Körner C (2000) Why are there global gradients in species richness? Mountains might hold the answer. Trends Ecol Evol 15:513–514
Krajina V (1933) Die Pflanzengesellschaften des Mlynica-Tales in den Vysoké Tatry (Hohe Tatra). I. Beih Bot Centralbl 50:774–957
Lakusic R (1970) Die Vegetation der südöstlichen Dinariden. Vegetatio 21:321–373
Lawton JH (1999) Are there general laws in ecology? Oikos 84:177–192
Leps J, Prach K, Slavíková J (1985) Vegetation analysis along the elevation gradient in the Nízké Tatry Mountains (Central Slovakia). Preslia 57:299–312
Lüdi W (1943) Über Rasengesellschaften und alpine Zwergstrauchheide in den Gebirgen des Apennin. Ber Geobot Forsch Inst Rübel Zürich 1942:23–68
MacArthur RH, Wilson EO (1967) The theory of island biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton
McCullagh P, Nelder JA (1989) Generalized linear models, 2nd edn. Chapman and Hall, London
McVean DN (1964) Dwarf shrub heaths. In: Burnett JH (ed) The vegetation of Scotland. Oliver Boyd, Edinburgh, pp 481–498
McVean DN, Ratcliffe DA (1962) Plant communities of the Scottish highlands. Monographs of the Nature Conservancy No 1. HMSO, London
Montserrat G (1986) Flora y Vegetación del Macizo de Cotiella y la Sierra de Chía. Tesis, Universidad de Barcelona
Mucina L, Valachovic K, Jarolímek I, Seffer J, Kubinská A, Pistil I (1990) The vegetation of rock fissures, screes, and snow-beds in the Pirin Planina mountains (Bulgaria). Stud Geobot 10:15–58
Negre R (1969) Le Gentiano-Caricetum curvulae dans la région luchonaise (Pyrénées centrales). Vegetatio 18:167–202
Negre R (1970) La végétation du Bassin de l’One (Pyrénées centrales). Portug Acta Biol B 11 (1–2):51–166
Nordhagen R (1928) Die Vegetation und Flora des Sylenegebietes. I. Die Vegetation. Skr Nor Vidensk Akad Oslo. I. Mat Naturvidensk kl 1927(1):1–612
Nordhagen R (1943) Sikilsdalen og Norges fjellbeiter. En plantesosiologisk monografi. Bergens Mus Skr 22:1–607
Nordhagen R (1955) Kobresieto-Dryadion in northern Scandinavia. Sv Bot Tidskr 49:63–87
Ochsner F (1954) Die Bedeutung der Moose in alpinen Pflanzengesellschaften. Vegetatio 5–6:279–291
Oksanen L, Virtanen R (1995) Topographic, altitudinal and regional patterns in continental and suboceanic heath vegetation of northern Fennoscandia. Acta Bot Fenn 153:1–80
Ozenda P (1950) Matériaux pour la flore lichénelogique des Alpes-Maritimes. Bull Soc Bot Fr 97:29–50
Palmer MW, White PS (1994) Scale dependence and the species-area relationship. Am Nat 144:717–740
Pauli H (1993) Untersuchungen zur phytosoziologischen und ökologischen Stellung von Festuca pseudodura in den Niederen Tauern. Diplomarbeit, Univ Wien
Pawlowski B (1935) Über die Klimaxassociation in der alpinen Stufe der Tatra. Bull Int Acad Pol Sci Lett Ser B 1935:115–146
Pawlowski B, Walas J (1949) Les associations des plantes vasculaires des Monts de Czywczyn. Bull Int Acad Pol Sci Lett Ser B 1948:117–180
Pedrotti F (1982) La vegetation des monts de la Laga. In: Pedrotti F (ed) Guide - Itinéraire de l’Excurcion Internationale de Phytosociologie en Italie centrale (2–11 juillet 1982). Univ Studi, Camerino, pp 571–579
Pignatti E, Pignatti S (1983) La vegetazione delle vette di Feltre al di Sopra del limite Degli Alberi. Stud Geobot 3:7–47
Poldini L, Martini F (1993) La vegetatzione delle vallete nivali su calcare, dei conoidi e delle alluvioni Nel Friuli (NE Italia). Stud Geobot 13:141–214
Puscaru D, Puscaru-Soroceanu E, Pauca A, Serbanescu I, Beldie A, Stefureac T, Cernescu N, Saghin F, Cretu V, Lupan L, Tascenco V (1956) Panusile alpine din Muntii Bucegi. Ed Acad, Bucuresti
Puscaru-Soroceanu E, Csürös S, Puscaru R, Popova-Cucu A (1981) Die Vegetation der Wiesen und Weiden des Fagaras-Gebirges in den Südkarpaten. Phytocoenologia 9:257–309
Quezel P (1953) Contribution à l’etude phytosociologique et géobotanique de la Sierra Nevada. Mem Soc Brot (Coimbra) 9:5–77
Quezel P (1964) Végétation des hautes montagnes de la Grèce Méridionale. Vegetatio 12:289–385
Quezel P (1967) La végétation des hauts sommets du Pinde et de l’Olympe de Thessalie. Vegetatio 14:127–228
Recchia F, Villa S (1996) A first contribution to the lichen flora of Abruzzi (C. Italy). Flora Medit 6:5–9
Resmerita I (1970) Flora, vegetatia si potentiaul productiv pe Masivul Vládeasa. Ed Acad, Bucuresti
Resmerita I (1976) La classe des Salicetea herbacea Br. B1.1947 des Carpates Roumaines. Doc Phytosoc 15–18:123–135
Resmerita I (1979a) La vegetation chionophile des Carpathes Roumaines. Doc Phytosoc NS 4:871–881
Resmerita I (1979b) Flora rezervatiei naturale ‘Pietrosul Mare’. Stud Univ Babes-Bolyai B 24:8–14
Resmerita I (1981) Vegetatia rezervatiei naturale “Pietrosul Mare” (II). Stud Univ BabesBolyai B 26:3–11
Resvoll-Holmsen H (1920) Om fjeldvegetationen i det ostenfjeldke Norge. Arch Math Naturvid 37:1–266
Richard J-L (1975) Premiere approche de la vegetation de l’etage alpin du val d’Annivers (Alpes Valaisannes, Suisse). Doc Phytosoc 9–14:223–236
Richard J-L (1985) Pelouses xérophiles alpines des environs de Zermatt (Valais, Suisse). Bot Helv 95:194–211
Richard J-L, Geissler P (1979) A la découverte de la végétation des bords de cours d’eau d’étage alpin du Valais (Suisse). Phytocoenologia 6:183–201
Richardson DM, Cowling RM, Lamont BB, van Hensbergen HJ (1995) Coexistence of Banksia species in southwestern Australia: the role of regional and local processes. J Veg Sci 6:329–242
Riebesell JF (1982) Arctic-alpine plants in mountaintops: agreement with island biogeography theory. Am Nat 119:657–674
Rivas-Martínez S, Báscones JC, Díaz TE, Fernández-González F, Loidi J (1991) Vegetación del Pirineo occidental y Navarra. Itin Geobot 5:5–455
Safford HD, Rejmánek M, Hadac E (2001) Species pools and the ‘hump-back’ model of plant species diversity: an empirical analysis at a relevant spatial scale. Oikos 95:282–290
Scharfetter R (1909) Über die Artenarmut der ostalpinen Ausläufer der Zentralalpen. Österr Bot Z 1909:1–7
Söyrinki N (1954) Vermehrungsökologische Studien in der Pflanzenwelt der bayerischen Alpen. Ann Bot Soc Zool Bot Fenn Vanamo 27:1–232
S-PLUS (2000) Guide to statistics, vol 1. Data Analysis Products Division, MathSoft, Seattle
Stehlik I (2000) Nunataks and peripheral refugia for alpine plants during Quaternary glaciation in the middle part of the Alps. Bot Helv 110:25–30
Strid A (1995) The Greek mountain flora, with special reference to the central European element. Bocconea 5:99–112
Szafer W (1924) Zur soziologischen Auffassung der Schneetälchenassoziationen. Veröff Geobot Inst Rübel Zürich 1924:300–310
Szafer W, Kulczynski S, Pawlowski B, Stecki K, Sokolowski M (1927) Die Pflanzenassoziationen des Tatra-Gebirges. - III-V. Teil. Die Pflanzenassoziationen des Chocholowska-Tales. Bull Int Acad Pol Sci Lett Ser B Suppl 2 1926:1–144
Tilman D, Pacala SW (1993) The maintenance of species richness in plant communities. In: Ricklefs RE, Schluter D (eds) Species diversity in ecological communities: historical and geographical perspectives. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 13–25
Väisänen R (1998) Current research trends in mountain biodiversity in NW Europe. Pirineos 151–152:131–156
Vetterli L (1982) Alpine Rasengesellschaften auf Silikatgestein bei Davos. Veröff Geobot Inst Rübel Zürich 76:1–92
Vigo J (1996) El poblament vegetal de la Vall de Ribes. Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya, Barcelona
Virtanen R, Eurola S (1997) Middle oroarctic vegetation in Finland and middle-northern arctic vegetation on Svalbard. Acta Phytogeogr Suec 82:1–60
Virtanen R, Lundberg PA, Moen J, Oksanen L (1997) Topographic and altitudinal patterns in plant communities of European arctic islands. Polar Biol 17:95–113
Virtanen R, Dirnböck T, Dullinger S, Pauli H, Staudinger M, Grabherr G (2002) Multi-scale patterns in the plant species richness of European high mountain vegetation. In: Körner C, Spehn E (eds) Alpine biodiversity. Parthenon, Boca Raton, pp 91–101
Wahlenberg G (1814) Flora Carpatorum principalium. van den Hoeck, Göttingen
White PS, Miller RI (1988) Topographic models of vascular plant richness in the southern Appalachian high peaks. J Ecol 76:192–199
White PS, Miller RI, Ramseur GS (1984) The species-area relationship of the southern Appalachian high peaks: vascular plant richness and rare plant distributions. Castanea 49:47–61
Whittaker RH (1965) Dominance and diversity in land plant communities. Science 147:250–260
Wilcox BA (1978) Supersaturated island faunas: a species-age relationship for lizards on post-Pleistocene land-bridge islands. Science 199:996–998
Wohlgemuth T (1993) Der Verbreitungsatlas der Farn-und Blütenpflanzen der Schweiz (Welten und Sutter 1982) auf EDV. Die Artenzahlen und ihre Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Faktoren. Bot Helv 103:55–71
Zlatník A (1925) Les associations de la végétation des Krkonoce et le pH. Extrait des Mémoires de la Société des Sciences de Bohême. Classe des Sci 1925:1–67
Zobel M (1997) The relative role of species pools in determining plant species richness: an alternative explanation of species coexistence? Trends Ecol Evol 12:266–269
Zollitsch B (1968) Soziologische und ökologische Untersuchungen auf Kalkschiefern in hochalpinen Gebieten. I. Die Steinschuttgesellschaften der Alpen mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Gesellschaften auf Kalkschiefer in den mittleren und östlichen Zentralalpen. Ber Bayer Bot Ges 40:67–100
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Virtanen, R. et al. (2003). Patterns in the Plant Species Richness of European High Mountain Vegetation. In: Nagy, L., Grabherr, G., Körner, C., Thompson, D.B.A. (eds) Alpine Biodiversity in Europe. Ecological Studies, vol 167. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18967-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18967-8_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62387-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-18967-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive