Abstract
Surface movement of geological materials is a very important factor in interpreting clays at the surface. Much of what we see today at the surface has been displaced from its initial position of contact with the atmosphere to the site where it is now. This is in fact one of the major problems of interpreting soils and soil clay relations and has been known and studied for many years by pedologists. Multi cycle surfaces are very often sites of human activity. For example, the initial great civilizations were produced on sites of fluvial transport. Ancient Egypt was renowned for the Nile River and its regular flooding and subsequent fertile renewal of surface soils. The Tigris and Euphrates flood plains were sites of soil renewal. The Ganges flood plain is continually fertile. Xian in the old cradle of Chinese civilization was at the same time subject to active loess deposition and river flooding.
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Suggested Reading
Allen PA (1997) Earth surface processes. Blackwell Science, 404 pp
Birkeland PW (1984) Soils and geomorphology. Oxford University Press, 372 pp
Fitzpatrick E (1983) Soils. Longman, London, 353 pp
Millot G (1964) Géologie des argiles. Masson and Cie, Paris, 499 pp (English translation 1970: Geology of clays. Springer-Verlag, New York, 429 pp)
Smith K, Ward R (1998) Floods: physical processes and human impacts. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 382 pp
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© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Velde, B., Meunier, A. (2008). Physical Disequilibrium and Transportation of Soil Material. In: The Origin of Clay Minerals in Soils and Weathered Rocks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75634-7_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75634-7_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-75633-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-75634-7
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