Abstract
The word “clays” was assigned early to fine grained material in geological formations (Agricola 1546) or soils (de Serres 1600). Clays have been identified as mineral species in the begining of the 19th century in the production of ceramic materials (Brongniart 1844). Then Ebelmen (1847) carefully analyzed the decomposition of rocks under chemical attack and the way that porcelain can be commonly made. Since this pionner works, the definition of clays has varied. Until recently, the definition of clay minerals was debated. Bailey (1980) restricted the definition of clay to fine-grained phyllosilicates. Guggenheim and Martin (1995) considered that clays are all the finegrained mineral components that give plasticity after hydration to rocks or materials which harden after drying or burning.
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Suggested Reading
Brindley GW, Brown G (1980) Crystal structures of clay minerals and their X-ray identification. Mineralogical Society (Monograph 5, 485 pp)
Longstaffe FJ (1981) Clays and the resource geologist. Mineralogical Association of Canada, Edmonton (Short Course 7, 199 pp)
Meunier A (2005) Clays. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 472 pp
Moore DM, Reynolds RC (1997) X-ray diffraction and the identification and analysis of clay minerals, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, New York, 378 pp
Newman ACD (1987) Chemistry of clays and clay minerals. Mineralogical Society (Monograph 6, 480 pp)
Rule AC, Guggenheim S (2002) Teaching clay science. The Clay Minerals Society, London (CMS workshop lectures, Aurora CO, 11, 223 pp)
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Velde, B., Meunier, A. (2008). Fundamentals of Clay Mineral Crystal Structure and Physicochemical Properties. In: The Origin of Clay Minerals in Soils and Weathered Rocks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75634-7_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75634-7_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
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