Abstract
Ocean island volcanoes and large igneous provinces, both of which represent mantle plume volcanism, are attractive drilling targets because of compelling scientific issues, the layered structure of lava accumulations, and the demonstrated capability to retrieve a high percentage of core in many environments. Although the programs supporting on-land scientific drilling — ICDP, and in the U.S., NSF-Continental Dynamics — are nominally about continental drilling, the primary dichotomy is between on-land drilling and ship-based offshore drilling (IODP). Mantle plume volcanic rocks are accessible to on-land drilling in many oceanic settings as well as on continents. Drilling and coring ordered, datable sequences of lavas can address questions about the mechanisms of magma generation and transport, the geochemical and geophysical structure of mantle plumes and their relationship to the structure and composition of the deep mantle, the structural evolution of large volcanoes, the subsidence history of volcanic piles, the flexural properties of the lithosphere, and the hydrology, alteration history and geobiology of subsurface volcanic environments.
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DePaolo, D.J., Weis, D. (2007). Hotspot Volcanoes and Large Igneous Provinces. In: Harms, U., Koeberl, C., Zoback, M.D. (eds) Continental Scientific Drilling. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68778-8_7
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