Abstract
Strain is expansion, contraction, or distortion of the volcanic edifice and surrounding crust. As a result of magma movement, volcanoes may undergo enormous strain prior to and during eruption. Global Positioning System (GPS) observations can in principle be used to determine strain by taking the difference between two nearby observations and dividing by the distance between them. Two GPS stations 1 km apart, each providing displacement information accurate to the nearest millimeter, could detect strain as small as 2 mm km-1, or 2 × 10-6. It is possible, however, to measure strains at least three orders of magnitude smaller using borehole strainmeters. In fact, it is even possible to measure strains as small as 10-8 using observations of groundwater levels in boreholes.
Access provided by Autonomous University of Puebla. Download to read the full chapter text
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Praxis Publishing Ltd, Chichester, UK
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Roeloffs, E.A., Linde, A.T. (2007). Borehole observations of continuous strain and fluid pressure. In: Volcano Deformation. Springer Praxis Books. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49302-0_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-49302-0_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-51763-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-49302-0
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)