Abstract
The liver is the most common site of metastatic spread in malignancies. In autopsy studies the incidence of hepatic métastases is up to 100%, depending on the primary tumor. Even if this fact represents the final status of a malignancy, about half of all patients dying from a malignant disease will have apparent hepatic métastases. The risk of developing hepatic metastases varies widely among different types of primary malignancy.
Access provided by Autonomous University of Puebla. Download to read the full chapter text
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Keywords
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Liver Metastasis
- Hepatic Metastasis
- Colorectal Liver Metastasis
- Magn Reson Image
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
References
Antoch G, Vogt FM, Freudenberg LS, Nazaradeh F, Goehde SC, Barkhausen J, Dahmen G, Bockisch A, Debatin JF, Ruehm SG (2003) Whole-body dual-modality PET-CT and whole-body MRI for tumor staging in oncology. Jama 290:3199–3206
Arulampalam TH, Francis DL, Visvikis D, Taylor I, Ell PJ (2004) FDG-PET for the pre-operative evaluation of colorectal liver metastases. Eur J Surg Oncol 30:286–291
Barker DW, Zagoria RJ, Morton KA, Kavanagh PV, Shen P (2005) Evaluation of liver metastases after radiofrequency ablation: utility of 18F-FDG PET and PET-CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 184:1096–1102
Barkhausen J, Quick HH, Lauenstein T, Goyen M, Ruehm SG, Laub G, Debatin JF, Ladd ME (2001) Whole-body MR imaging in 30 seconds with real-time true FISP and a continuously rolling table platform: feasibility study. Radiology 220:252–256
Belton AL, Saini S, Liebermann K, Boland GW, Halpern EF (2003) Tumour size measurement in an oncology clinical trial: comparison between off-site and on-site measurements. Clin Radiol 58:311–314
Beyer T, Townsend DW, Brun T, Kinahan PE, Charron M, Roddy R, Jerin J, Young J, Byars L, Nutt R (2000) A com-bined PET-CT scanner for clinical oncology. J Nucl Med 41:1369–1379
Böhm B, Voth M, Geoghegan J, Hellfritzsch H, Petrovich A, Scheele J, Gottschild D (2004) Impact of positron emission tomography on strategy in liver resection for primary and secondary liver tumors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 130:266–272
Cohade C, Osman M, Leal J, Wahl RL (2003) Direct comparison of (18)F-FDG PET and PET-CT in patients with colorectal carcinoma. J Nucl Med 44:1797–1803
Delbeke D, Vitola JV, Sandier MP, Arildsen RC, Powers TA, Wright JK Jr, Chapman WC, Pinson CW (1997) Staging recurrent metastatic colorectal carcinoma with PET. J Nucl Med 38:1196–1201
Delbeke D, Martin WH (2004) PET and PET-CT for evaluation of colorectal carcinoma. Semin Nucl Med 34:209–223
Deng J, Miller FH, Rhee TK, Sato KT, Mulcahy MF, Kulik LM, Salem R, Omary RA, Larson AC (2006) Diffusion-weighted MR imaging for determination of hepatocellular carcinoma response to yttrium-90 radioembolization. J Vasc Interv Radiol 17:1195–1200
Eustace S, Tello R, DeCarvalho V, Carey J, Wroblicka JT, Melhem ER, Yucel EK (1997) A comparison of whole-body turboSTIR MR imaging and planar 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate scintigraphy in the examination of patients with suspected skeletal metastases. AJR Am J Roentgenol 169:1655–1661
Fernandez FG, Drebin JA, Linehan DC, Dehdashti F, Siegel BA, Strasberg SM (2004) Five-year survival after resection of hepatic métastases from colorectal cancer in patients screened by positron emission tomography with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET). Ann Surg 240:438–447; discussion 447-450
Griswold MA, Jakob PM, Heidemann RM, Nittka M, Jellus V, Wang J, Kiefer B, Haase A (2002) Generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA). Magn Reson Med 47:1202–1210
James K, Eisenhauer E, Christian M, Terenziani M, Vena D, Muldal A, Therasse P (1999) Measuring response in solid tumors: unidimensional versus bidimensional measurement. J Natl Cancer Inst 91:523–528
Kamel IR, Bluemke DA (2002) Magnetic resonance imaging of the liver: assessing response to treatment. Top Magn Reson Imaging 13:191–200
Kapoor V, McCook BM, Torok FS (2004) An introduction to PET-CT imaging. Radiographics 24:523–543
Kinkel K, Lu Y, Both M, Warren RS, Thoeni RF (2002) Detection of hepatic métastases from cancers of the gastrointestinal tract by using noninvasive imaging methods (US, CT, MR imaging, PET): a meta-analysis. Radiology 224:748–756
Kramer H, Schoenberg SO, Nikolaou K, Huber A, Struwe A, Winnik E, Wintersperger BJ, Dietrich O, Kiefer B, Reiser MF (2005) Cardiovascular screening with parallel imaging techniques and a whole-body MR imager. Radiology 236:300–310
Langenhoff BS, Oyen WJ, Jager GJ, Strijk SP, Wobbes T, Corstens FH, Ruers TJ (2002) Efficacy of fluorine-18-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in detecting tumor recurrence after local ablative therapy for liver metastases: a prospective study. J Clin Oncol 20:4453–4458
Lardinois D, Weder W, Hany TF, Kamel EM, Korom S, Seifert B, von Schulthess GK, Steinert HC (2003) Staging of non-small-cell lung cancer with integrated positron-emission tomography and computed tomography. N Engl J Med 348:2500–2507
Lauenstein TC, Goehde SC, Herborn CU, Treder W, Ruehm SG, Debatin JF, Barkhausen J (2002) Three-dimensional volumetric interpolated breath-hold MR imaging for whole-body tumor staging in less than 15 minutes: a feasibility study. AJR Am J Roentgenol 179:445–449
Lauenstein TC, Goehde SC, Herborn CU, Goyen M, Oberhoff C, Debatin JF, Ruehm SG, Barkhausen J (2004) Whole-body MR imaging: evaluation of patients for métastases. Radiology 233:139–148
Lee VS, Lavelle MT, Rofsky NM, Laub G, Thomasson DM, Krinsky GA, Weinreb JC (2000) Hepatic MR imaging with a dynamic contrast-enhanced isotropic volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination: feasibility, reproducibility, and technical quality. Radiology 215:365–372
Low RN, Semelka RC, Worawattanakul S, Alzate GD (2000) Extrahepatic abdominal imaging in patients with malignancy: comparison of MR imaging and helical CT in 164 patients. J Magn Reson Imaging 12:269–277
Mazumdar M, Smith A, Schwartz LH (2004) A statistical simulation study finds discordance between WHO criteria and RECIST guideline. J Clin Epidemiol 57:358–365
Meta J, Seltzer M, Schiepers C, Silverman DH, Ariannejad M, Gambhir SS, Phelps ME, Valk P, Czernin J (2001) Impact of 18F-FDG PET on managing patients with colorectal cancer: the referring physician’s perspective. J Nucl Med 42:586–590
Miller AB, Hoogstraten B, Staquet M, Winkler A (1981) Reporting results of cancer treatment. Cancer 47:207–214
Nelson RC, Chezmar JL, Sugarbaker PH, Bernardino ME (1989) Hepatic tumors: comparison of CT during arterial portography, delayed CT, and MR imaging for preoperative evaluation. Radiology 172:27–34
Ogunbiyi OA, Flanagan FL, Dehdashti F, Siegel BA, Trask DD, Birnbaum EH, Fleshman JW, Read TE, Philpott GW, Kodner IJ (1997) Detection of recurrent and metastatic colorectal cancer: comparison of positron emission tomography and computed tomography. Ann Surg Oncol 4:613–620
Park JO, Lee SI, Song SY, Kim K, Kim WS, Jung CW, Park YS, Im YH, Kang WK, Lee MH, Lee KS, Park K (2003) Measuring response in solid tumors: comparison of RECIST and WHO response criteria. Jpn J Clin Oncol 33:533–537
Pelosi E, Messa C, Sironi S, Picchio M, Landoni C, Bettinardi V, Gianolli L, Del Maschio A, Gilardi MC, Fazio F (2004) Value of integrated PET-CT for lesion localisation in cancer patients: a comparative study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 31:932–939
Pfannenberg C, Aschoff P, Schanz S, Eschmann SM, Plathow C, Eigentier TK, Garbe C, Brechtel K, Vonthein R, Bares R, Claussen CD, Schlemmer HP (2007) Prospective comparison of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in staging of advanced malignant melanoma. Eur J Cancer 43:557–564
Pruessmann KP, Weiger M, Scheidegger MB, Boesiger P (1999) SENSE: sensitivity encoding for fast MRI. Magn Reson Med 42:952–962
Rofsky NM, Lee VS, Laub G, Pollack MA, Krinsky GA, Thomasson D, Ambrosino MM, Weinreb JC (1999) Abdominal MR imaging with a volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination. Radiology 212:876–884
Rohren EM, Paulson EK, Hagge R, Wong TZ, Killius J, Clavien PA, Nelson RC (2002) The role of F-18 FDG positron emission tomography in preoperative assessment of the liver in patients being considered for curative resection of hepatic métastases from colorectal cancer. Clin Nucl Med 27:550–555
Ruers TJ, Langenhoff BS, Neeleman N, Jager GJ, Strijk S, Wobbes T, Corstens FH, Oyen WJ (2002) Value of positron emission tomography with [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose in patients with colorectal liver metastases: a prospective study. J Clin Oncol 20:388–395
Sahani DV, Kalva SP, Fischman AJ, Kadavigere R, Blake M, Hahn PF, Saini S (2005) Detection of liver metastases from adenocarcinoma of the colon and pancreas: comparison of mangafodipir trisodium-enhanced liver MRI and whole-body FDG PET. AJR Am J Roentgenol 185:239–246
Schlemmer HP, Schafer J, Pfannenberg C, Radny P, Kor-chidi S, Muller-Horvat C, Nagele T, Tomaschko K, Fenchel M, Claussen CD (2005) Fast whole-body assessment of metastatic disease using a novel magnetic resonance imaging system: initial experiences. Invest Radiol 40:64–71
Schmidt GP, Baur-Melnyk A, Herzog P, Schmid R, Tiling R, Schmidt M, Reiser MF, Schoenberg SO (2005) High-resolution whole-body magnetic resonance image tumor staging with the use of parallel imaging versus dual-modality positron emission tomography-computed tomography: experience on a 32-channel system. Invest Radiol 40:743–753
Selzner M, Hany TF, Wildbrett P, McCormack L, Kadry Z, Clavien PA (2004) Does the novel PET-CT imaging modality impact on the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer of the liver? Ann Surg 240:1027–1034; discussion 1035-1036
Semelka RC, Martin DR, Balci C, Lance T (2001) Focal liver lesions: comparison of dual-phase CT and multisequence multiplanar MR imaging including dynamic gadolinium enhancement. J Magn Reson Imaging 13:397–401
Soyer P, Levesque M, Elias D, Zeitoun G, Roche A (1992) Detection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer: comparison of intraoperative US and CT during arterial portography. Radiology 183:541–544
Steinborn MM, Heuck AF, Tiling R, Bruegel M, Gauger L, Reiser MF (1999) Whole-body bone marrow MRI in patients with metastatic disease to the skeletal system. J Comput Assist Tomogr 23:123–129
Takahara T, Imai Y, Yamashita T, Yasuda S, Nasu S, Van Cauteren M (2004) Diffusion weighted whole body imaging with background body signal suppression (DWIBS):technical improvement using free breathing, STIR and high resolution 3D display. Radiat Med 22:275–282
Therasse P, Arbuck SG, Eisenhauer EA, Wanders J, Kaplan RS, Rubinstein L, Verweij J, Van Glabbeke M, van Oosterom AT, Christian MC, Gwyther SG (2000) New guidelines to evaluate the response to treatment in solid tumors. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer, National Cancer Institute of the United States, National Cancer Institute of Canada. J Natl Cancer Inst 92:205–216
Topal B, Flamen P, Aerts R, D’Hoore A, Filez L, Van Cutsem E, Mortelmans L, Penninckx F (2001) Clinical value of whole-body emission tomography in potentially curable colorectal liver metastases. Eur J Surg Oncol 27:175–179
Torizuka T, Tamaki N, Inokuma T, Magata Y, Yonekura Y, Tanaka A, Yamaoka Y, Yamamoto K, Konishi J (1994) Value of fluorine-18-FDG-PET to monitor hepatocellular carcinoma after interventional therapy. J Nucl Med 35:1965–1969
Tran LN, Brown MS, Goldin JG, Yan X, Pais RC, McNitt-Gray MF, Gjertson D, Rogers SR, Aberle DR (2004) Comparison of treatment response classifications between unidimensional, bidimensional, and volumetric measurements of metastatic lung lesions on chest computed tomography. Acad Radiol 11:1355–1360
Truant S, Huglo D, Hebbar M, Ernst O, Steinling M, Pruvot FR (2005) Prospective evaluation of the impact of [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography of resectable colorectal liver metastases. Br J Surg 92:362–369
Tutt AN, Plunkett TA, Barrington SF, Leslie MD (2004) The role of positron emission tomography in the management of colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 6:2–9
Valk PE, Abella-Columna E, Haseman MK, Pounds TR, Tesar RD, Myers RW, Greiss HB, Hofer GA (1999) Whole-body PET imaging with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose in management of recurrent colorectal cancer. Arch Surg 134:503–511; discussion 511-513
Vitola JV, Delbeke D, Meranze SG, Mazer MJ, Pinson CW (1996) Positron emission tomography with F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose to evaluate the results of hepatic chemoembolization. Cancer 78:2216–2222
Vogt FM, Herborn CU, Hunold P, Lauenstein TC, Schroder T, Debatin JF, Barkhausen J (2004) HASTE MRI versus chest radiography in the detection of pulmonary nodules: comparison with MDCT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 183:71–78
Wong CY, Salem R, Raman S, Gates VL, Dworkin HJ (2002) Evaluating 90Y-glass microsphere treatment response of unresectable colorectal liver metastases by [18F]FDG PET: a comparison with CT or MRI. Eur Nucl Med Mol Imaging 29:815–820
Wong CY, Salem R, Qing F, Wong KT, Barker D, Gates V, Lewandowski R, Hill EA, Dworkin HJ, Nagle C (2004) Metabolic response after intraarterial 90Y-glass micro-sphere treatment for colorectal liver métastases: comparison of quantitative and visual analyses by 18F-FDG PET. J Nucl Med 45:1892–1897
Wong CY, Qing F, Savin M, Campbell J, Gates VL, Sherpa KM, Lewandowski RJ, Nagle C, Salem R (2005) Reduction of metastatic load to liver after intraarterial hepatic yttrium-90 radioembolization as evaluated by [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographic imaging. J Vasc Interv Radiol 16:1101–1106
Yang M, Martin DR, Karabulut N, Frick MP (2003) Comparison of MR and PET imaging for the evaluation of liver métastases. J Magn Reson Imaging 17:343–349
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Jakobs, T.F. (2008). Radiological Detection and Assessment of Tumor Response. In: Bilbao, J.I., Reiser, M.F. (eds) Liver Radioembolization with 90Y Microspheres. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-35423-9_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-35423-9_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-35421-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-35423-9
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)