Large Scale Recovery of Haplotypes from Genotype Data Using Imperfect Phylogeny

Abstract

Critical to the understanding of the genetic basis for complex diseases is the modeling of human variation. Most of this variation can be characterized by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which are mutations at a single nucleotide position. To characterize an individual’s variation, we must determine an individual’s haplotype or which nucleotide base occurs at each position of these common SNPs for each chromosome. In this paper, we present results for a highly accurate method for haplotype resolution from genotype data. Our method leverages a new insight into the underlying structure of haplotypes which shows that SNPs are organized in highly correlated “blocks”. The majority of individuals have one of about four common haplotypes in each block. Our method partitions the SNPs into blocks and for each block, we predict the common haplotypes and each individual’s haplotype. We evaluate our method over biological data. Our method predicts the common haplotypes perfectly and has a very low error rate (0.47%) when taking into account the predictions for the uncommon haplotypes.